(2014·德州模拟)Some animals will defend their territory by fighting with those who try to invade it.Fighting，however，is not often the best choice，since it uses up a large amount of energy，and can result in injury or even death.Most animals rely on various threats，either through sounds or smells.The songs of birds，the drumming of woodpeckers and the loud calls of monkeys are all warnings that carry for long distances，advertising to possible invaders that someone else’s territory is being approached.Many animals rely on smells to mark their territories or leaving droppings around the territories.Other animals will be warned off the territory without ever meeting with the territory’s defender. 
Sometimes，these warnings may be ignored，and an invader may move accidentally into a neighboring territory，or two animals may meet near the border of their nearby territories.When the two animals meet，they will generally threaten each other with visual (视觉的) displays.These displays will often exaggerate an animal’s size by putting up feathers or fur，or will show off the animal’s weapons.The animals may go through all the behavior of fighting without ever actually touching each other.The displays are generally performed best near the center of an animal’s territory，where it is more likely to attack an invader and where retreating becomes more of a choice.
Actual fighting usually only happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.Serious injury can result，and old or sick animals may die，leading to a more balanced population size.Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.The study of social behaviors such as territoriality in animals may also help us to understand human society.What topic is the passage mainly involved in?
| A．What animals’ territory is usually like. |
| B．How animals deal with different threats. |
| C．How animals defend their territory. |
| D．Where animal fights take place frequently. |
For most animals，what’s their first response to the possible invaders to defend their territory?
| A．Fighting in groups. |
| B．Threatening and warning. |
| C．Escaping before being hurt. |
| D．Asking partners for help. |
What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in the second paragraph mean?
| A．enlarge | B．change |
| C．shake | D．shrink |
An actual fight will happen when________.
| A．animals meet near the border of their territories |
| B．the invader enters the defender’s territories |
| C．the defender notices the invader smaller than itself |
| D．the living resources are limited in the territory |
The last paragraph tells us that territoriality has an influence on the________of the animals.
| A．communication | B．condition |
| C．population | D．migration |
第三部分：阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
The American book Who Moved My Cheese（奶酪） has been a bestseller all over the world. It teaches people how to face changes in their
lives. Now its author Spence Johnson has written a book just for teens（青少年）. The book tells us that when facing change in our lives, like a new school or new friends, don't be afraid. Instead, use this change to make a better life. The book gives an example of a change at school. A school is changing from having two terms to three terms b
ecause there are too many students.
Several teens are talking about this. Most of them are unhappy and worried. But Chris is not. He laughs and tells a story about two mice（老鼠）, two“little people”and some cheese.
The four
are in a maze looking for the cheese. Here, cheese means something important in life, like moving to a new class or getting into college. But they find the cheese is gone. The mice realize that they can’t change what has happened and have to find more cheese. This means finding different dreams. The little people, however, can’t do this. They are afraid of change so they find no cheese.
After Chris finishes the story, the friends understand one thing: to get more cheese, move in a new direction quickly. His friends understand how this can be used in the changes all teens face, such as doing well at school or having good relationships or just feeling good about yourself.
56. The book Who Moved My Cheese is __________.
A. written all over the world B. read across the world
C. sold only in America D. loved only by teens
57. What does the text mainly discuss?
A. Never change in our life. B. Change when you like to do.
C. Change with the changes. D. Pay attention to the changes.
58. The underline word “four”（paragraph 3） refers to __________.
A. Mice and little people B. Students
C. Cheese D. Readers
59. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The author is Britain.
B. There are three terms in every school.
C. Most teens don't understand Chris' story.
D. The book tells teens how to face changes in their lives.
I am so worried about global warming. We need stop cutting down all of the trees so that they can absorb the carbon dioxide. I think the Kyoto Protocol （京都议定书） to stop pollution is a great idea ,and I hope our country will decide to follow it, too.
— Eli S.,10,Texa
People should do all they can to help stop pollution, even if it is something as little as recycling your soda can. Every little thing helps. Maybe schools can put recycling bins in classrooms. Students can bring in all of their cans and bottles and see how many the school can collect.
— Lindsey A.,11, Massachusett
The United States should take action to help stop pollution. Since we are one of the richest countries, we should at least spend a little money to help.
— Aaron z,11,Massachusett
It is not good that the United States is not following the Kyoto Protocol. The U.S. is one of the most pollution emitting （污染物排放）countries in the world. Even if the rest of the world agrees to follow those rules, without the U. S. and its big businesses agreeing, global warming will still be a big problem.
—Augustine S.,11,Ohio
The world needs to learn more about global warming problems. If we do not do something soon then some of Earth’s coolest animals will become extinct. People should use solar power instead of things that pollute the atmosphere!
— Jillian J.,10,Pennsylvania
Global warming is very dangerous, and it must be prevented. Even if people think that it cannot be stopped ,we should at least try. Stopping global warming is more important than keeping our businesses going. What about the penguins（企鹅）and the polar bears? We can’t just let them become extinct.
—Samantha R.,11,Illinois
72．Why does Lindsey suggest schools put recycling bins in classrooms?
A．To keep the classroom clean B. To help protect wild animals.
C．To help protect our earth. D. To collect waste in classroom.
73．Augustine worries that global warming problems will be difficult to solve because .
A．many people think that global warming cannot be stopped
B．more and more trees are being cut down
C．American government spends little money stopping pollution
D．the U.S. refuses to follow the Kyoto Protocol
74．Jillian and Samantha believe that .
A．solar power is earth-friendly energy
B．global warming threatens animals’ survival
C．America is the richest country in the world
D．the penguins and the polar bears are dying out
75．What do the six children mainly talk about?
A．Environmental problems. B．The Kyoto Protocol.
C．Animal protection. D．The climate change.
While waiting to pick up a friend at the airport in Portland, Oregon, I had an experience which occurred merely two feet away from me.
Trying to locate my friend among the passengers coming through the jet way, I noticed a man walking toward me carrying two light bags. He stopped right next to me to greet his family.
First he kissed his three children one by one and said, “It’s nice to see you. I missed you so much!” Then he hugged his wife, “I’ve saved the best for last!” giving her the longest, most passionate kiss I ever remember seeing. They stared at each other’s eyes, smiling at one another, while holding both hands. For an instant they reminded me of newlyweds, but I knew by the age of their kids that they couldn’t possibly be.
Full of admiration, I asked, “Wow! How long have you two been married?” “Being together for fourteen years total, married twelve of those.” He replied, without breaking his gaze from his lovely wife’s face. “Well, then, how long have you been away?” I asked. “Two whole days!” “Two days?” I was astonished. By the intensity （热烈） of the greeting, I had assumed he’d been gone for at least several weeks — if not months. I knew my expression betrayed me, so I turned away my eyes and said quietly, “I hope my marriage is still that passionate after so long!”
The man suddenly stopped smiling and looked at me straight in the eye. With forcefulness he told me something that left me a different person. ″Don’t hope, friend…decide!″ Then he smiled again, shook my hand and said, ″God bless!″ With that, he and his family turned and walked away together.
I was still watching that man and his special family walk just out of sight when my friend came up to me and asked, “What are you looking at?” Without hesitation, and with a curious sense of certainty, I replied, “My future!”
68．The best title of the passage may be __________.
A．Long Loving Hugs B．My Future
C．Don’t Hope, Decide D．Love Is Everywhere
69．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The man replied to the author, with his eyes still fixed on his wife’s face.
B．After being away for several weeks, the man missed his family very much.
C．It was fourteen years since the couple had got married.
D．Their three kids reminded the author of newly-weds．
70．By saying ″my expression betrayed me″ （in Paragraph 4）, the author means that __________.
A．he failed to express his ideas to the man
B．the man sensed his real feelings from his expression
C．he didn’t believe in his expression any more
D．his expression was not faithful to him
71．From the passage, we can infer that __________.
A．the experience may be easily forgotten by the author
B．the author will live a passionate life from now on
C．the author will be away from his family and hug them passionately upon his return
D．Americans prefer to save the best for last
There is no doubt about it. The best way to learn new words is to do it unconsciously. I don’t mean while you’re unconscious. I mean while you are unconscious of the fact that it is sinking in.
That is how I learnt the 30, 000 words in my vocabulary by living in an English-speaking world, mother tongue. I just pick them up. But some of them may be misunderstood. Now, to misunderstand does not mean not to understand. To misunderstand is to understand but incorrectly.
The 5% mislearnt of all the words we ″know″ will be the least frequently used words, as the more frequently used words are less likely to be mislearnt. Some of the misunderstandings may live with all our lives, without knowing that we got them wrong.
Many English teachers think that this natural method of learning words in one’s own mother tongue can be used for a second language learning. They teach their students how to play the Guessing Game. ″There is no time to look up in your dictionaries all the new words you come across, “ they will say. ″You have to practise guessing what the word means from the context.”
This method of guessing in a second language learning does not work. It may succeed in many cases, but results in hundreds or thousands of wrongly-guessed meanings of words.
And what’s more, there are more separate meanings than there are words themselves. Our learners’ dictionaries usually have many meanings. A good dictionary is what makes self-learning possible.
Don’t guess! Look it up!
64．The underlined word ″them″ in Paragraph 2 refers to _________.
A．the 30, 000 words B．English teachers
C．misunderstood words D．frequently used words
65．Which of the following is most likely NOT true?
A．Some of the words the writer knows must have been misunderstood.
B．Most of the 30, 000 words the writer learned are frequently used ones.
C．How many words the writer got wrong are not known.
D．All the words the writer knows were learned by reading them.
66．What we can infer from the passage is that .
A．dictionaries can not help us learn language well
B．when he is conscious, he usually can’t write new words
C．we must use the words as often as possible in order to master them
D．the writer prefers to guess meanings of new words
67．According to the passage, it is concluded that the best way to learn new words is .
A．to learn them by copying new words
B．to learn by living in an English---speaking world
C．to guess them only from the context
D．to get more separate meanings of each word
“Can I see my baby?” asked the happy new mother. The bundle（婴儿包）was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she held her breath-the baby has been born without ears. Time, however, proved that the baby’s hearing was perfect except his appearance.
One day when he rushed home from school and threw himself into his mother’s arms, he cried out bitterly, “A boy, a big boy… called me a f-…freak.” She sighed, knowing that his life was to be endless of heartbreaks.
He grew up, handsome for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift for literature and music.
The boy’s father had a talk with the family doctor. Could nothing be done? “I believe we could graft（移植）on a pair of outer ears, if they could be donated（捐献）,”the doctor decided. So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice a young man. Two years went by. Then, “You’re going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it’s a secret,” said the father.
The operation was a brilliant success. His talents blossomed （开花）into genius. School and college became a series of successes. Later he married and entered the diplomatic（外交）service. “But I must know!” he urged his father. “Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him.”
“I do not believe you could,” said the father, “but the agreement was that you are not to know….not yet.” The years kept the secret, but the day did come…. one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother’s casket（棺材）.Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.
60．The story is mainly about .
A．how a boy had new ears through an operation
B．what a devoted parent privately did for the child
C．how a disabled boy turned into a useful person
D．why a donator made a sacrifice to a bright boy
61．From the first paragraph we know that the mother .
A．was determined to donate her ears to perfect her son.
B．kept her husband unknown about the baby’s situation
C．felt shocked and disappointed to see her new baby
D．complained of her bad luck to have a disabled child
62．We can infer from her passage .
A．the agreement was between the donator and the family
B．the boy was so popular that he was made class president
C．finally the boy came to know who the donator was
D．the mother donated her ears to her son after she died
63．What moral lesson can we draw from this reading?
A．True beauty lies only in the heart not in appearance.
B．It is a virtue for young generations to learn to be grateful
C．It is up to parents to help their children heart and soul.
D．Real love lies in what is done unknown rather than what is done known.
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