Badteethcanbepainfulandevenbed

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更新 2022-09-03
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Bad teeth can be painful and even be deadly. Infections of the gums(牙龈) and teeth can release bacteria into the blood system. Those bacteria can increase the chance of a heart attack or stroke and worsen the effects of other diseases. And adults are not the only ones at risk. For example, a 12yearold boy died when a tooth infection spread to his brain in 2007 in Washington. Experts said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.
Experts say good dental care starts at birth. Breast milk, they say, is the best food for the healthy development of teeth. Breast milk can help slow bacterial growth and acid production in the mouth. But dentists say a baby's gums and early teeth should be cleaned after each feeding by using a cloth with a little warm water. Experts say if you decide to put your baby to sleep with a bottle, give only water.
When baby teeth begin to appear, you can clean them with a wet toothbrush. Dentists say it is important to find soft toothbrushes made especially for babies and to use them very gently. The use of fluoride(氟化物) to protect teeth is common in many parts of the world. For example, it is often added to drinking water supplies. The fluoride mixes with enamel(釉质), the hard surface on teeth, to help prevent holes from forming.
But young children often swallow toothpaste when they brush their teeth. The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry notes that swallowing fluoridated toothpaste can cause problems. So young children should be carefully watched when they brush their teeth. And only a small amount of fluoridated toothpaste, the size of a pea, should be used.
Parents often wonder what effect finger sucking might have on their baby's teeth. Dental experts generally agree that this is fine early in life. Most children stop sucking their fingers by the age of four. If it continues, experts advise parents to talk to their children's dentists or doctors. Because it could interfere_with the correct development of permanent teeth.
Dentists say children should have their first dental visit at least by the time they are one year old. They say babies should be examined when their first teeth appear—usually at around six months.
According to the passage，what is the function of fluoride?

A．Making the surface on teeth much cleaner.

B．Protecting gums from being infected.

C．Keeping holes on teeth from forming.

D．Slowing down bacterial growth and acid production.

The underlined phrase “interfere with” in Para.5 probably means “________”．

A．do harm to	B．account for
C．contribute to	D．stand for

What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?

A．To warn us of the deadly infections of gums and teeth.

B．To introduce the advantages of fluoridated toothpaste.

C．To draw our attention to the dental care of young children.

D．To present the research results about dental care.

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相关试题

II 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
How I Turned to Be Optimistic
I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.
I do not remember myself crying for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see-—the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to "the hard times."
My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: almost all common troubles eventually go away! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy.
26.How did the author get to know America?
A. From her relatives.                  B. From her mother.
C. From books and pictures.             D. From radio programs.
27.Upon leaving for America the author felt_______.
A. confused                          B. excited
C. worried                            D. amazed
28.For the first two years in New York, the author _________.
A. often lost her way                      B. did not think about her future
C. studied in three different schools          D. got on well with her stepfather
29.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4?
A. She worked as a translator.
B. She attended a lot of job interviews.
C. She paid telephone bills for her family.
D She helped her family with her English.
30.The author believes that______.
A. her future will be free from troubles
B. it is difficult to learn to become patient
C. there are more good things than bad things
D. good things will happen if one keeps trying

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HANS Christian Andersen put Denmark on the map of the world literature with his stories The Emperor's New Clothes, The Little Mermaid (小美人鱼) and The Ugly Duckling. Now Copenhagen, the country's capital, has become the center of the world political map, with 190 world leaders attending the climate talks there, not to mention thousands of reporters.
Just how much do you know about the Scandinavian country?
Denmark is famous for its design culture. At the heart of “Danish Design” is the idea that, as poet and designer Piet Hein puts it: “There is one art, not more, nor less, [and that is] to do all things with artlessness (朴实)”.
Danish design places equal emphasis on practicality and quality. From Lego toys to furniture, Danish products are known for their clean lines, simplicity and functionality. “Remove material where it's not needed. Keep things simple and functional and make them carefully,” explained Hans J. Wegner, the first Danish designer to achieve worldwide fame: “The aim is not to create a work of art, but to produce a good chair.”
“The Danes have done a better job than most in promoting arts in Europe, considering their country's size and population, in the fields of architecture, sculpture and design,” writes Helena Smith, reporter with British newspaper the Guardian.
The simplicity of Danish design may extend to the quality of life there. Some even claim that the Danes have the highest quality of life of any nation in the world.
Kate Vial, a 55-year-old American who has lived and worked in Denmark for more than 30 years, explaining why she chooses to live in Denmark rather than the US, told Germany's biggest news weekly Der Spiegel: “I just chose a simpler lifestyle, one where I could ride my bike all over and where I don't have to make a great living to survive.”
41. What’s the writer’s purpose of mentioning Denmark’s literature?
A. To show the readers that Denmark is best known for its stories.
B. To arouse readers’ interest in Denmark.
C. To tell the readers that this passage is related to literature.
D. To show why Denmark can attract so many political leaders.
42. What is Denmark famous for according to the passage?
A. Design culture B. Making chairs C. Writing poems D. Climate prediction
43. Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. Danish design pays more attention to arts than its function.
B. Danish products don’t need much material.
C. Danish people like to keep simple life.
D. Compared with other countries in Europe, Denmark does little in promoting arts.
44. In Piet Hein’s opinion, the characteristic of Danish culture is _____________.
A. Creative B. Complicated C. Impractical D. Simple
45. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Danes conquer the world with simple designs.
B. Denmark—a new political center.
C. Life in Denmark.
D. Designer’s idea of Denmark.

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　　Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants.
　　Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
　　On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first- class roads, and other support facilities（配套设施）needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
　　Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
　　41．Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection？
　　A. It is extremely important to develop tourism. 　B. Building roads and hotels is essential.
　　C. Support facilities are highly necessary. 　　D. Planning is of great importance to tourism.
　　42．The underlined word“ inhabitants” （in Paragraph 1 ） probably means____________.
　　A. tourists 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. passengers
　　C. population 　　　　　　　　　　　　       D. citizens
　　43．Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ____________ .
A. a bad effect on other industries     　B. a change of tourists’ customs
C. over-crowdedness of places of interest　D. pressure on traffic
　　44．It can be inferred from the text that _____________ .
　　A. the author doesn’t like tourism developing so fast
　　B. local people will benefit from tourist attraction
　　C. other parts of a country’s economy won’t benefit from tourism much
　　D. we can't build too many support facilities
　　45．The author thinks it is good for local people to know that tourism will ____________ .
　　A. waste a lot of money                 B. weaken their economy
　　C. help establish their customs             D. help improve their life

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After too long on the Net, even a phone call can be a shock. My boyfriend’s Liverpudlian accent suddenly becomes too difficult to understand after his clear words on screen; a secretary stone seems more rejecting than I’d imagined it would be. Time itself becomes fluid—hours become minutes, and alternately seconds stretch into days. Weekends, once a highlight of my week, are now just two ordinary days.
For the last three years, since I stopped working as a producer for Charlie Rose, I have done much of my work as a telecommuter. I submit（提交） articles and edit them by E-mail and communicate with colleagues on Internet mailing lists. My boyfriend lives in England; so much of our relationship is computer-mediated.
If I desired, I could stay inside for weeks without wanting anything. I can order food, and manage my money, love and work. In fact, at times I have spent as long as three weeks alone at home, going out only to get mail and buy newspapers and groceries. I watched most of the blizzard of 96 on TV.
But after a while, life itself begins to feel unreal I start to feel as though I’ve merged（融合） with my machines, taking data in, spitting them back out, just another node（波节） on the Net. Others on line report the same symptoms. We start to strongly dislike the outside forms of socializing. It’s like attending an A. A .meeting in a bar with everyone holding a half sipped drink. We have become the Net opponents’ worst nightmare.
What first seemed like a luxury, crawling from bed to computer, not worrying about hair, and clothes and face, has become avoidance（逃避），a lack of discipline. And once you start replacing real human contact with cyber interaction, coming back out of the cave can be quite difficult.
At times, I turn on the television and just leave it to chatter in the background, something that I’d never done previously. The voices of the programs relax me, but then I’m jarred by the commercials. I find myself sucked in by soap operas, or needing to keep up with the latest news and the weather. “Dateline”, “Frontline” , “Nightline,” CNN, New York 1, every possible angle of every story over and over and over, even when they are of no possible use to me. Work moves from foreground to background.
36. Compared to the clear words of her boyfriend on screen, his accent becomes______.
A. unreal        B. unbearable                   C. misleading     D. not understandable
37. The passage implies that the author and her boyfriend live in______.
A. the same city                                               B. the same country
C. different countries                                        D. different cities in England
38. What does the last paragraph mean?
A. Having worked on the computer for too long, she became a bit strange.
B. Sometimes TV programs give her comfort and even makes her forget her work.
C. She watches TV a lot in order to keep up with the latest news and the weather.
D. She turns on TV now and then in order to get some valuable information.
39. What is the author’s attitude to the computer?
A. At first she likes it but later becomes tired of it.
B. She likes it because it is very convenient.
C. She dislikes it because TV is more attractive.
D. She likes it because it provides an imaginary world.
40. The underlined phrase “coming back out of the cave” probably means______.
A. going back to the dreaming world           B. coming back home from the outside world
C. bringing back direct human contact         D. getting away from living a strange life

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The use of the word imitation（模仿） reminds me that we ought to make some more comments on the risk of people imitating what they see on the screen in the way of crime（犯罪） or violence. First there was always a risk of children acting out scenes which could be dangerous. For example, I remember a woman who was head of a middle school telling me that she had happened to look out of her window when the children were on the playground and had seen them putting a small boy on a chair with a rope round his neck and the rope over the branch of a tree; fortunately she was in time to get there before the child was hanged. I remember a film in particular in which the hero who was imprisoned had escaped by electrocuting（通电触死） his guard, the technique of doing this being shown in detail. This was the kind of scene which we could cut for these reasons.
In films for young people and adults we always tried to keep off the screen the details of criminal techniques, such as how to open a locked door with a piece of hard plastic or how to open a safe; if we were consulted（请教） before production, I used to advise that the details should not be shown. When I gave talks in prisons about film checking I had full support for this, since fathers who were in prison for criminal offences did not want their children to get on crime.
Every time I gave a talk in a prison someone used to mention the French film Rififi. made by Jules Dassin in 1954. This remarkable film showed in great detail a robbery of a jeweler’s shop, the robbery lasting about half an hour and being backed by only natural sound...one of the most brilliant film sequences（连续镜头） of all time. I remember our discussion at the time. We thought that the robbery was finished only with the use of advanced and obviously expensive equipment and that only the most experienced and skilled criminals could possibly imitate it; we believed therefore that it was relatively safe. When talking in prisons some years later I learned that there had been several robberies in which the techniques had been copied, so perhaps we were wrong.
31. The writer thinks that____________.
A. the details of the criminal technique should be kept
B. the details of the crime should not be shown on the screen
C. children should not imitate what they see on the screen
D. it is dangerous to imitate what they see on the screen
32. What is the writer’s attitude（态度） towards the film in which the hero had escaped by electrocuting the guard?
A. The writer likes it very much.
B. The writer is strongly against it.
C. The writer thinks the film has some value.
D. The writer does not show his/her attitude.
33. Parents in prison agreed to film checking because______.
A. they did not want their children to follow them
B. the crime on screen could be imitated without difficulty
C. they had given a talk on it
D. they had made mistakes
34 .All the following statements about“Rififi”are true EXCEPT______.
A. that the robbery shown needs experience and skills
B. that some very good tools were used in the robbery
C. that the film showed the technique in detail
D. that the technique of the robbery was not imitated
35. It can be inferred from the passage that______.
A. it is hard for children to tell the differences between real life and the imaginary
B. only people in prison support film checking
C. only children imitate what they have seen on the screen
D. the writer used to advise the details of crime should be shown

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