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As Polly (1) ___________ the passengers on the train, she had a feeling (2) _______ she was being watched. At last the train arrived at the Green Park station. While the rest of the passengers were going out, she (3) _________ at the faces around her. The tall man was (4) _________ to be seen.
Pompeii was (5) ___________ in the 8th century BC. In 89 BC, the Romans (6)___________
(7) ________ Pompeii. Near the city was a volcano. On 24 August AD79, the volcano erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside. It (8)________ to erupt for the next two days. Many people were buried (9) _________, and (10) _______ was the city.
Stepfamilies are commonplace in the United States and their number continues to grow．While stepfamilies differ widely in their make-up， they all consist of a parenting couple and children， one or more of whom is of a previous union．Such combinations of his kids， her kids， and then， possibly， kids of the new union make for complicated and often trying difficulties， more challenging than those of traditional families．
Since stepfamilies involve more people and， consequently， more potential problems from the start than do childless new marriage， it is wise for the couple to do some careful planning prior to （＝before） marriage．Not only do the prospective（预期的） marital partners need agreement about their own carriers， life goals， finance and special interests， they must also prepare for new relationship with their children and attempt to accommodate their individual needs and feelings．Furthermore， there are often the rights of other relatives to consider．
As for any family， the basic ingredient（成分） of a successful stepfamily are affection， kindness and mutual（相互的） respect．However， love alone is not enough．Certainly love is the cornerstone upon which the foundation of any family is built， but there are also many other important ingredients involved in building a successful stepfamily．
Surveys reveal that successful families regard the ability to communicate openly as the most important factor in their success．Communication is what keeps families on track and functioning as a unit．Although healthy communication is easier for some people than for others， this skill can be learned and improved．Healthy communication involves speaking clearly and listening carefully．
By their very nature， stepfamilies often are complicated by past events that give rise to ambivalent（矛盾的） loyalties， lingering（持久的） hurts， fears，feelings of guilt and unrealistic dreams．The difficulties that arise within the stepfamilies are human and understandable．However， there are ways to confront（面临） and resolve them．For example， support groups and professional counselors（法律顾问） are available in most communities to provide help and guidance when communications stopped and problems seem overwhelming（压倒性的）．
Planning and building a stepfamily is not a responsibility to take lightly．It can be a very trying and， at times， seemingly impossible effort．Many potential troubles can arise and threaten to destroy the stepfamily．Nevertheless， meeting and mastering these special challenges can bring unexpected satisfactions and rewarding depths of family closeness and affection．According to the passage， there are in the United States．
| A．no stepfamilies |
| B．more stepfamilies than ever before |
| C．fewer stepfamilies than ever before |
| D．fewer stepfamilies than traditional ones |
Which of the following can help avoid the potential problems arising in a stepfamily？
| A．The pursuit of the same careers． |
| B．Professional interventions（干涉）． |
| C．The development of special interests． |
| D．Careful planning before the marriage． |
Many people believe that contributes most to the building of a successful stepfamily．
| A．everlasting loyalties |
| B．open communication |
| C．kindness and mutual respect |
| D．persistent（持久稳固的） affection |
It is natural for a stepfamily to be ．
| A．unrealistic |
| B．complicated |
| C．ambivalent |
| D．guilty |
According to the author， planning and building a stepfamily is ．
| A．impossible |
| B．satisfying and rewarding |
| C．discouraging and frustrating |
| D．a difficult and trying experience |
Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty．In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old．
The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States．The Gallup（民意调查） Organization questioned them by telephone in 2008．At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five．
The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry．They also asked about mental or emotional stress．
Arthur Stone at Stony Brook University in New York led the study．His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five．The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties．Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies．The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties．
Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older．One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions．They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences．
Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry．
The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single．But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age．
The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older．However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men．What can be the best title of the text?
| A．Happiness Varies with Ages | B．Experience More, Worry Less |
| C．The Older, the Wiser | D．Being Young, Being Happy |
We can learn from the research that _________．
| A．only when people get older will they feel happier |
| B．stress levels among the youngest are the highest |
| C．older people tend to be grateful |
| D．older people usually have no worries |
According to the research, when people get older, _________．
| A．they miss the old days | B．they are physically weak |
| C．they have better self-control | D．they are more emotional |
What would the author probably talk about next?
| A．What influences happiness． | B．How to live better． |
| C．How to keep happier． | D．Why women are less happier． |
The author is intended to _________．
| A．advise how to reduce stress |
| B．introduce a scientific finding |
| C．describe how to do research |
| D．talk about human emotions |
SHANGHAI - Health experts in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke．
About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families, 50 percent in public places, and almost 6 percent on public transportation, shows a research released by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center on Tuesday．
"Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking," said Tang Jingyan, a doctor at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center．
"Actually, those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke．"
Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds, coughs and sore throats, and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis, pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer．
Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally as quickly as their peers．
Other research by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smoke-filled household, where one or both parents smoke．
"Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over, it is still hard to reach a totally 'smoke free' home," said a pediatrician named Zhang Yiwen, noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke．
China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke, 180 million of them younger than 15．The age of smokers is also getting lower, earlier reports said．
"There are more young smokers than before．You can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street．Some of them are even female students," said Jing Xingming, a professor of children's developmental behavior at the center．
"Children like to imitate adults, especially their parents．If parents often smoke at home, it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit, which can cause a vicious circle," Jin said．
Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers, of whom 15 million are underage smokers．Also, around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking, and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco．What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．About half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke． |
| B．Experts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking． |
| C．More and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking． |
| D．Smoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters． |
What kind of the youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?
| A．Children of non-smoking mothers． | B．Children of non-smoking fathers． |
| C．Children of heavy smokers． | D．Children from some smoking centers． |
Which of the following disease may not be connected with secondhand smoking?
| A．Cancer． | B．Behavioral problems． |
| C．Sore throats． | D．Coughs． |
The underlined word “vicious” in the last paragraph but one most probably means ___________．
| A．complete | B．simple |
| C．great | D．bad |
What can be inferred from the passage?
| A．About 80% of the children in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center smoke heavily． |
| B．About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center． |
| C．About 540 million people are heavy smokers in China． |
| D．Children aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking． |
Directions: Complete the following passage by using ONE word that fits the context．
Visit the Edinburgh Festival
Every year, thousands of people come to Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland, to be part of the Edinburgh Festival．For three weeks every August and September the city is filled with actors and artists from over the world．They come to Edinburgh
the biggest arts festival in Britain．During this time the streets of the city are alive with music and dance from
morning till late at night．You can even see artists painting pictures on the streets．One of the best parts of the Festival is the “Fringe”,
students do comedy shows in small halls and cafés．
of thousands of tourists come to the Festival to see new films and plays and hear music performed by famous musicians．This year, you can see over five hundred performances
actors from more than forty countries．
The tickets for these performances are quite cheap and it is usually easier to see your favorite stars in Edinburgh it is in London．Come to Edinburgh next summer, but remember it can be difficult to find a room,
why not book your hotel now?
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words and phrases marked A,B,C and D．Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context。
Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about Christmas plans．With each passing day everyone became more anxious, waiting for the final school bell．Upon its 36 everyone would run for their coats and go home, everyone except David
David was a small boy in ragged clothes．I had often wondered what kind of home life David had, and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so 37 for the cold winter months, without a coat, boots, or gloves．But something made David 38 ．I can still remember he was always 39 a smile and willing to help．He always stayed after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor．We never talked much．He 40 just simply smile and ask what else he could do, then thank me for letting him stay and slowly head for home
Weeks passed and the 41 over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of school before the holiday break．I smiled in 42 as the last of them hurried out of the door．Turning around I saw David quietly standing by my desk．
“I have something for you．” he said and 43 from behind his back a small box． 44 it to me, he said anxiously, “Open it．” I took the box from him, thanked him and slowly unwrapped it．I lifted the lid and to my surprise saw nothing．I looked at David‘s smiling face and back into the box and said, “The box is nice, David, but it’s 45 ．”
“Oh no it isn’t” said David．“It’s full of love．My mum told me before she died that love was something you couldn’t see or touch unless you know it’s there．”
Tears filled my eyes 46 I looked at the proud dirty face that I had rarely given attention to．After that Christmas, David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning 47 the little empty box set on my desk．
A．warning B．ringing C．calling D．yelling
A．modestly B．naturally C．inaccurately D．inappropriately
A．popular B．upset C．special D．funny
A．expressing B．delivering C．wearing D．sharing
A．would B．should C．might D．could
A．argument B．excitement C．movement D．judgment
A．relief B．return C．vain D．control
A．searched B．found C．raised D．pulled
A．Holding B．Handing C．Sending D．Leaving
A．cheap B．empty C．useless D．improper
A．as B．until C．because D．though
A．from B．behind C．over D．towards
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