Myoldestchild,Emma,justreturne

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
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My oldest child, Emma, just returned to campus after a long holiday break to finish up her last period of college. These days, friends and family have begun flooding me with one question: What is she going to do after graduation?
The job market is, after all, awfully tough. Just this month the Federal Reserve Bank published a study showing that “recent graduates are increasingly working in low-paid jobs or working part-time.” The bright spot, according to the study, is for students who majored(主修) in STEM— science, technology, engineering and mathematics — areas in which recent graduates “have tended to do relatively well”.
But Emma is a student of the humanities(人文) at a small college. She’s an American Studies major with a focus on the politics and culture of food. For quite a while, I think her field of study is so fashionable right now that I’m not the least bit worried she will find a good job. Yet the more I’ve thought about it, the more I’ve decided to be honest. “I’m not sure what Emma is going to do,” I now say. “But she’s gotten a great education and has really found her interest. — and I know those things will serve her well over the course of her life.”
Nowadays, more and more universities and colleges are being measured by the salaries of their recent graduates. In this climate, encouraging your kid to study the humanities, seems, at best, unwise or, at worst, unconcerned with earning a living. But a college is not a vocational(职业) school. And promoting STEM subjects should not be society’s only answer to helping the next generation grow in a competitive world.
From the beginning, we never urged Emma to pick a college or a major with an eye on its expected return on money, as more and more families are doing. To Emma, what really matters will be something that we may not be able to measure for quite a long time: Emma’s contribution to the world and how happy she is in it.
The author’s friends and family_________.

A．are worried about Emma’s safety

B．have been worrying about the flood

C．are concerned about Emma’s future

D．are worried about the job market

What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A．The number of the graduates is increasing.

B．STEM graduates can be better employees.

C．STEM graduates are in relatively greater demand.

D．More and more graduates like to do a part-time job.

Why did Emma choose a major in the humanities?

A．Because she is interested in it.

B．Because her mother told her to.

C．Because it is increasingly popular.

D．Because she wants further education.

According to the author, what matters most in choosing a major is that_________.

A．it should be among the STEM

B．it should be fashionable and interesting

C．it should allow a good job and a high salary

D．it should bring achievements and happiness

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Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said that they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.

How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.

"More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone," says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.

Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.

25. What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?

A．	American kids' sleeping habits.	B．	Teenagers' sleep-related diseases.
C．	Activities to prevent sleeplessness.	D．	Learning problems and lack of sleep.

26. How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?

A．

7 hours.

B．

8 hours.

C．

10 hours.

D．

18 hours.

27. Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?

A．	They are affected by certain body chemicals.
B．	They tend to do things that excite them.
C．	They follow their parents' examples.
D．	They don't need to go to school early.

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Benjamin West,the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days ,a brush was made from camel's hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.

The brush did nott last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the catbegan to look ragged （蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.

The cat ' s lot was about to improve.That year, one of Benjamin's cousins, Mr.Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings （版画）by an artist. These were the forst pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr.Pennington retured for another visit .He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.

In the city, Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape (风景) painting.Wiliams ,a well-known painter,came to see him work . Wiliams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home .The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little,having been a poor student.But he later said,"Those two books were my companions by day,and under my pillow at night."While it is likely that he understood very little of the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.

21. What is the text mainly about?

A．	Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.
B．	Williams' influence on Benjamin.
C．	The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.
D．	The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.

22. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?

A．	The cat would be closely watched.
B．	The cat would get some medical care.
C．	Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D．	Benjamin would have real brushes soon.

23. What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?

A．	He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B．	He provided him with painting materials.
C．	He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D．	He taught him how to make engravings.

24. Williams' two books helped Benjamin to ________.

A．	master the use of paints
B．	appreciate landscape paintings
C．	get to know other painters
D．	make up his mind to be a painter

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In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party. I got so angry with him for laying down the law. I would scream, " I hate you!" Dad would yell back, "Good! I don't care!" Deep down I knew he did.

One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick. I said, " Call my dad." Next thing, Dad was carrying me to the car. I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticized. As expected, I got a roasting, but I now understand why I need discipline.

Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films. I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress. Like those early days for Dad, I faced lots of rejections.Working in such a competitive industry, I've sometimes thought, " I can't do this any more."

Once, after a trip to Hollywood, I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting, listening to Eckhart Tolle's music and trying to find myself again. Dad sat me down and said,"Alice, I know it's hard, but it's all about persistence(坚持不懈)."

Now I get to work with Dad a lot, which I love. We both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people. If it weren't for Dad, I wouldn't be where I am today. He's my biggest fan, and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.

56. What rules did Alice's father set for her when she was growing up?(no more than 15 words)

57. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?(no more than 5 words)

58. What did Alice's father do when she felt depressed?(no more than 5 words)

59. According to the last paragraph, what do Alice and her father have in common?(no more than 10 words)

60. What do you think of Alice's father? Please explain.(no more than 20 words)

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I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, let's take a look at three types of "waits".

The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.

A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup required a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. "Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes."I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.

Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.

Turning one's life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn't come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.

We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you're standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you'll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don't be desperate. You're probably just as busy as the next guy.

51. While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ___________.

A．	keep ourselves busy
B．	get absent-minded
C．	grow anxious
D．	stay focused

52. What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?

A．	The Forced Wait requires some self-control.
B．	The Forced Wait makes people passive.
C．	The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.
D．	The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.

53. What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?

A．	It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.
B．	It doesn't always bring the desired result.
C．	It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.
D．	It doesn't give people faith and hope.

54. What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?

A．	Take it seriously.
B．	Don't rely on others.
C．	Do something else.
D．	Don't lose heart.

55. The author supports his view by _________.

A．	exploring various causes of "waits".
B．	describing detailed processes of "waits".
C．	analyzing different categories of "waits"
D．	revealing frustrating consequences of "waits"

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This month, Germany's transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver's role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.

The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the "death valley" of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.

Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel - to check email, say - the car's maker is responsible if there is a crash.

"The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving," says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.

Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. "The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all," says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.

An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduces earlier this year, insists that a human " be watchful and monitoring the road" at every moment.

But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. "When you say 'driverless cars', people expect driverless cars."Merat says. "You know - no driver."

Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.

Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.

That would go down poorly in the US, however. "The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here," says Calo.

46. What does the phrase "death valley" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．	A place where cars often break down.
B．	A case where passing a law is impossible.
C．	An area where no driving is permitted.
D．	A situation where drivers' role is not clear.

47. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.

A．	stop people from breaking traffic rules
B．	help promote fully automatic driving
C．	protect drivers of all ages and races
D．	prevent serious property damage

48. What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?

A．	It should get the attention of insurance companies.
B．	It should be the main concern of law makers.
C．	It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
D．	It should involve no human responsibility.

49. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________.

A．	Singapore
B．	the UK
C．	the US
D．	Germany

50. What could be the best title for passage?

A．	Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?
B．	Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough
C．	Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed
D．	Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents

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