Country-dwellers(农村居民) often say the constant noise, heavy traffic and crowds of the city would drive them mad. Well, they might be right, according to the latest research. City residents are more likely to develop mental illnesses than those who live in villages, a study has found.
Researchers from Cardiff university examined the lifestyles of more than 200,000 people in Sweden and found that those who lived in urban areas were more at risk from mental illnesses than people who lived in villages.
The experts don’t know exactly why this is but they suggest that town and city residents are more likely to be ostracized(排挤) by those around them. They are more likely to experience discrimination(歧视) if they do not fit in, which can lead to them feeling anxious and even developing mental illnesses.
Dr Stanley Zammit, who led the research said that people living in towns and cities are more likely to develop other mental illnesses that result in personality changes — a condition known as non-affective psychosis(非情感性精神病).
Earlier this year an official report found that village-dwellers live an average of two years longer than those living in towns and cities. According to figures from the Office of National Statistics in the UK, men who live in villages are likely to live for between 78 and 79 years, while those in towns and cities can expect to survive to an age of 76. Women on average survive to their 81st birthday in towns and cities, but live to between 82 and 83 in villages. The small marked town of Wimborne Minster in rural Dorset was named the healthiest place to live in.What is the passage mainly about?
| A．Country-dwellers are more likely to develop mental illnesses. |
| B．City-dwellers are more likely to develop mental illnesses. |
| C．Country-dwellers live longer than city-dwellers. |
| D．City-dwellers live longer than country-dwellers. |
The research from Cardiff University was based on the people’s _________.
| A．interests. | B．characters. | C．occupations. | D．lifestyles. |
It can be inferred that ___________.
| A．people like living in towns and cities |
| B．city-dwellers enjoy their peaceful city life |
| C．village-dwellers are more likely to be looked down upon by others |
| D．village-dwellers get along better with their neighbors than city-dwellers. |
Non-affective psychosis is a kind of mental illnesses that is linked to ________
| A．character change | B．temperature rise |
| C．pressure increase | D．energy weakening |
We can learn from the last paragraph that generally ________ .
| A．women living in villages live the longest |
| B．women living in cities live the longest |
| C．men living in villages live the longest |
| D．men living in cities live the longest. |
C
Attitude isn’t quite everything when it comes to being successful, but attitude plays a part in every stage of your life. A poor attitude gets more people fired than any other single factor, and a good attitude gets people jobs and helps them keep those jobs more than any other factor.
Your attitude affects many people, from your family to the stranger on the street corner. Your attitude is particularly important when you face seemingly hopeless situations. Losing a job or friend because of a poor attitude is unfortunate －especially because a bad attitude can be fixed.
You can find at least two ways to look at everything. A pessimist ( 悲观主义者) looks for difficulty in the opportunity, while an optimist looks for opportunity in difficulty . A poet of long ago put the difference between optimism and pessimism this way: Two men looked out from prison bars －one saw mud; the other saw stars.
Unfortunately, many people look only at the problem and not at the opportunity that lies within the problem. Many employees complain about the difficulty of their jobs, for example, not realizing that if the job were simple, the employer would hire someone with less ability at a lower wage. A small coin can hide even the sun if you hold the coin close enough to your eye. So when you get too close to your problems, to think objectively(客观地 ) about them, try to keep in mind how your vision can be obstructed. Take a step back, and look at the situation from a new angle.
You can’t do anything to change the fact that a problem exists, but you can do a great deal to find the opportunity within that problem. You’re guaranteed a better tomorrow by doing your best today and developing a plan of action for the tomorrows that lie ahead. Just remember to maintain a positive mental attitude.
64. What does the author mean by saying the first sentence in Paragraph 1?
A. If you have a good attitude, you will be successful.
B. Your attitude makes a great influence on your life.
C. Your attitude has nothing to do with your success.
D. Your success is very important to your life.
65. In Paragraph 3, the author shows us_________.
A. two ways to look at everything B. the definition of pessimist and optimist
C. the ways to look for opportunity D. the ways to look out from prison bars
66. The author mentions the example of many employees in Paragraph 4 to tell people to_____.
A. ignore the problem B. look for opportunity in the problem
C. wait for the problem to be solved D. make their jobs easy to do
67. The underline word “obstructed” in Paragraph 4 probably means________.
A. blocked B. dropped C. improved D. Shared
B
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60. What is special about Hotelopia?
A. Its destinations spread all over the world. B. It provides the cheap food.
C. Its prices range from low to high. D. It aims at attracting family holidays.
61. Janet is interested in environmental protection. She will most probably visit______
A. www.hoteiopia.co.uk B. www.directholidays.co.uk
C. www.responsibletravel.com D. www.virginholidays.co.uk
62. Sarah, who is fond of skiing, would like to take a trip. Maybe she can go to_______
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63. The passage is most probably taken from____________.
A. a website B. a newspaper C. a travel guide D. a magazine
四、阅读理解（共40分）
A
Linda Evans was my best friend －like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, and horseback riding.
When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time －like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown”. I had no idea how to find Linda.
Over the years, I missed Linda very much, I wanted to share stories of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked a lot like Linda and whose last name was Wagman－ Linda’s married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.
She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.”
Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled, and there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: we won’t lose each other again!
56. The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans_______.
A. at the age of 13 B. before she got married
C. after they moved to new homes D. before the writer’s family moved away
57. They didn’t often write to each other because they_______.
A. got married B. had little time to do so
C. didn’t like writing letters D. could see each other on special time
58. There was an empty place in the writer’s heart because she______.
A. was in trouble
B. didn’t know Linda’s address
C. received the card that she sent
D. didn’t have a friend like Linda to share her happiness or sadness
59. The writer was happy when she_________.
A. read the newspaper
B. heard Linda’s voice on the phone
C. met a young woman who looked a lot like Linda
D. wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman
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62．This is an advertisement of
A．selling valuable books B．attracting students
C．setting up Open university D．looking into English learning
63．As a student of the Open University, you don’t need to .
A．buy any course materials B．choose which course to learn
C．pay any money for your study D．have lessons all the time at the university
64．The Open University can supply you with
A．different jobs to choose from B．a course for training your English
C．different kinds of free instructions D．a classroom and a library for study
65．We can learn from the text that .
A．OU courses are very popular in Britain
B．money for learning must be paid off at one time
C．we can’t telephone the university during the night
D．people can’t be employed without finishing OU courses
On a good night when there is no Moon and the air is clear, only up to 4,000 or so stars can be seen by the unaided eye. From ancient times star – watchers have tried to bring some order into the sky by fitting the stars into patterns. The constellations (星座) to which names were given.
Observation of the night sky every few hours shows that in the northern hemisphere(半球) the stars appear to turn anticlockwise (逆时针方向) about a point near the Pole Star. As they turn, the stars keep the same positions in relation to each other, and in fact the appearance of the constellations has changed very little over the centuries. Like the Sun and Moon, the stars have a daily journey across the sky, rising upwards in the east and setting in the west – due to the Earth’s daily spin. The Circumpolar Stars, those near the Pole Star, are an exception to this; they are so close to the pole that they never disappear below the horizon (地平线) Although the stars always rise in the same places they do not do so at the same time every day. They rise about 4 minutes earlier each day since the Earth is progressing in its orbit around the Sun; in almost but not exactly a year they again rise and set at the same time. If a certain star is seen to rise in the east exactly when the Sun sets on a particular day, a few weeks later it will be seen well above the eastern horizon at sunset.
58．Which do you think is the best title of the passage above?
A．The Earth, the Moon and the Stars. B．Motion of the Stars.
C．How to Watch the Stars. D．Appearance of the Stars.
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59．Which of the following descriptions cannot be shown in the picture?
A．The Circumpolar stars never disappear below the horizon.
B．The relative position of the stars in a constellation remains more or less the same as they move.
C．Stars appear to turn about a point near the Pole Star.
D．Stars appear to turn anticlockwise in the northern hemisphere.
60．From the passage we can learn that __________.
A．scientists can observe only up to 4,000 stars on a clear night
B．every day the stars always rise in the same place at the same time
C．thousands of years later, people may have to rename the constellations as the positions of the stars in them have changed
D．since the earth spins from the west to the east every day, most stars rise in the east and set in the west
61．Where is the passage probably taken from?
A．A fashion magazine B．A newspaper advertisement.
C．A science textbook. D．A collection of science fiction stories.
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