Havingateenagerathomecanbearea

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
难度中等
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Having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, drink and even fight. They often do something dangerous.
Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely (可能) to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really. So what’s the reason?
According to Laurence, a teacher from a US university, the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them—that is “peer influence”.
As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates, and also they care more about what they think of them. This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.
In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching around them, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they drove more safely.
Why do peers have such a big influence on teens’ behavior?
As Laurence sees it, a teenager’s brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车). The “accelerator” is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake” is still not fully developed. When teenagers are watched by their peers, they usually push hard on the accelerator. With their weak brake, it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.
But the good news is that a violent (暴力的)teenager doesn’t necessarily become a violent adult. About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it. “They get more self-controlled.”
What does the underlined word “irrational” in the 2^nd paragraph mean?

A．Quick.

B．Crazy.

C．Careful.

D．Correct.

Why are teenagers likely to make wrong decisions according to the text?

A．They like difficult tasks.

B．They don’t care about costs.

C．They are too young to tell right from wrong.

D．They care a lot about what their peers think of them.

How does Laurence explain the influence of peer pressure on teens’ behavior?

A．By comparing it with how a car works.

B．By comparing it with an accident.

C．By showing research findings.

D．By giving examples.

According to the text, with peers around them, teenagers are more likely to _______ .

A．use more self-control

B．perform better than when they are alone

C．become more careful about what they do

D．care about winning without thinking about danger

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相关试题

第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）
第一节：阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Every afternoon hundreds of thousands of youth fill Internet cafes, switch on a game console (游戏机), or otherwise sit down to enter fantasy worlds. I’m talking about video games. These games can be fun and exciting, but we need to look out when this pastime becomes an addiction.
Games are often quite exciting and dramatic, but they generally aren’t very intellectual. We don’t learn as much from them as we would only reading a book. Spending too much time playing them can take away our study time. We need to remember that we are students first. Nothing should ever get in the way of proper studying.
Video games can also be a bad effect on younger children who may be watching. Many video games are violent and the object in most of them is to kill the other player(s). This does not send the right message to the children who need to be told that violence is not acceptable and need to be taught how to deal with situations maturely. Even if we do need to sit down and play a violent video game, we need to make sure that it does not affect the younger people around us.
Playing a computer game in our spare time is not a bad thing. Games can be a great way to relax after studying, to connect to our friends, or just to help our creativity. However, games should not become the focus of our life. We need to make sure that playing games never interferes with our studies and that we aren’t thinking about them all day. If we ever find ourselves playing them too much, we need to break the addiction. If that happens, we need to step away from the computer or television screen and learn to spend our time more productively.
41. The writer mainly tells the readers __________.
to play computer games every afternoon
not to play computer games too much
not to affect other people while playing games
to spend more time studying
42. The writer thinks about computer games all of the following except _________.
A. exciting B. dramatic C. intellectual D. violent
43. Computer games may have bad effect on younger children because __________.
these children often stay in Internet cafes all day long
children often forget to do their lessons
computer games are often violent
children don’t have enough money to play computer games
44. The writer advises computer game players ________.
not to affect younger people around
not to play violent games
never to enter Internet cafes
to teach younger children how to play computer games

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There was great excitement on the planet of Venus(金星) this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.
The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan (named after the great Venusian astronomer Prof. Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20000 light years ago).
Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to feasibility (可行性) of a manned flying saucer (碟) landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology.
“We have come to the conclusion, based on last week’s satellite landing,” Prof. Zog said, “that there is no life on Earth.”
“How do you know this?” the science reporter of the Venus Evening Star asked.
“For one thing, Earth’s surface in the area of Manhattan is made up of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide (一氧化碳) and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.”
“What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned?”
“We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than originally planned.”
“Are there any other dangers that you discovered in your studies?”
“Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud hovering(盘旋) over the surface of Earth? We don’t know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have further tests before we send a Venus Being there.”
“Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicates it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer.”
“If all you say is true, won’t this set back the flying saucer program several years?”
“Yes, but we shall continue as soon as the Grubstart gives us the added funds.” Prof. Zog replied.
43.During the week of great excitement the Venusian scientists succeeded in getting important information as to ____.
A.the feasibility of landing a satellite on Earth
B.the possibility of making a first-rate flying saucer
C.the feasibility of sending a Venus Being to Earth
D.the possibility of directing a flying saucer into Manhattan
44.According to Prof. Zog, the Venusians will have to take their own oxygen with them when they carry out their flying saucer program because ____.
A.they need it in their way to the planet of Earth
B.the Earth’s atmosphere is filled with deadly gases
C.there is a low level of oxygen for Venusians
D.there is no air on the planet of Earth
45.The “dark black cloud” on the photo refers to ____.
A.the polluted air hovering over the surface of Earth
B.the mass of tiny drops of water floating above Earth
C.the mass of small things moving through the air
D.the dark clouds gathering before a storm breaks
46.The author wishes to call our attention to the fact that ____.
A.that modern man has polluted his environment to such an extend that he might destroy himself if he went on like this
B.that there is a point in spending billions to land a flying saucer on Earth
C.that pollution has become so serous a problem on Earth that even Venusians find life there unbearable.
D.that it is difficult if not altogether impossible, to land a manned flying saucer on Earth

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When I was a boy every holiday that I had seemed perfect. My parents took me by train or by car to a hotel by the sea. All day, I seem to remember. I played on the sands with strange exciting children. We make sandcastles with huge yellow walls, and watched the incoming tide destroy them; we splashed each other in the water and shrieked with excitement. When the tide went out, we climbed over the slippery rocks and stared down at the fish and the seaweed in the rock-pools.
In those far-off days the sun seemed to shine constantly and the water was always warm. Sometimes we left the beach and walked in the country, exploring ruined houses and dark woods and climbing trees that overhung streams. There were always sweets in one’s pockets or convenient places where one could buy ice-creams. Each day seemed a life-time.
Although I am now an adult, my idea of a good holiday is much the same as it was. I still like the sun and the warm sand and the sound of waves breaking on the beach. I no longer wish to build sandcastles and I dislike sweets instantly, but I look forward to sitting down to a good meal and a bottle of wine in the evening.
I think, too, that I prefer spending my holiday abroad. I want to smell different smells; I want to see different kinds of trees, flowers and birds; and I also want to see people with different colored skins, wearing different kinds of clothes. Above all, I want to hear a different language spoken and listen to different musical rhythms from those I am used to.
But I still need my companions----not, of course, to play on the sands and eat ices with, but to drink with and talk to on warm moonlit nights.
Sometimes I wonder what my perfect holiday will be when I am old. All I shall want to do then, I expect, will be to lie in bed, reading books about children who make sandcastles with huge yellow walls, who watch the incoming tide, who make themselves sick on too many ices…
39.Where did the author mostly spend his holidays when he was young?
A.In the countryside.   B.On the beach.   C.In the mountains.    D.On the sea.
40.What does the underlined word “shrieked” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.shouted    B.swam    C.struggled    D.surfed
41.What now interests the author as an adult is ____.
A.to enjoy a nice dinner                    B.to spend his holiday sunbathing
C.to chat with someone                    D.to experience a foreign culture
42.When the author grows old, he expects that ____.
A.he will read more books about children
B.he will lie in bed without worrying about anything
C.he will bring back wonderful childhood memories from a book
D.he will make sandcastles with his children

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III.阅读理解
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the centre of London there is a tall white building with the name “Bush House”. It is the home of BBC English.
BBC is the abbreviation of the British Broadcasting Corporation. It is an organization maintained by the government, providing British people with broadcasting and TV service.
At first, BBC was established as a private business. It began to broadcast on February 14, 1922. In 1927, it was reorganized and replaced by the British Broadcasting Corporation. In November, 1936, it became the first TV broadcasting corporation in the world with TV programmes broadcast.
BBC provides people with the latest news, entertainment and education. These programmes are not under the control of the government. Nor are they affected by other organizations. In the meantime, BBC does not express its own opinion on international affairs or public policy.
BBC has two TV channels, covering the whole country, that is BBC-1 and BBC-2 and three radio broadcast webs, one for family service, another for entertaining programmes, the third for special interesting programmes. The third web broadcasts four programmes. They are classical music, teaching programmes, sports and famous arts and common knowledge. BBC programmes include foreign language programmes, broadcast in 35 foreign languages.
The BBC World Service sends radio programmes around the world in 42 languages. With a regular audience of about 140 million listeners, it reaches more people than any other ternational broadcaster. The World Service also prepares news programmes for its sister television organization and is responsible for a major new gathering service getting information form the world’s media. The World Service receives a direct grant from the British Parliament for operating international broadcasting.
BBC English is part of the BBC World Service. BBC English is for people who want to improve their English. It broadcasts all kind of programmes, which change from month to month. There is a special grammar programme for explaining difficult grammar points. There are programmes about life in Britian. There is also a programme about the differences between written and spoken English. English lessons are broadcast every day on the radio with explanations in English and other languages. They are the easiest to follow. For example, BBC English broadcasts programmes for China with explanations in Chinese.
It is not difficult to find out information about the programmes. You can write to BBC English and ask for any information you need.
It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes. Sometimes it is difficult to receive them clearly. If you do have difficulties, it is better to try once again another day.
36.BBC English broadcasts all kinds of programmes ____.
A.which change from month to month      B.which change regularly
C.in special grammar rules                           D.by explaining different grammar points
37.If one needs any information from BBC English, one can ____.
A.get it easily free of charge                    B.get it easily by paying something
C.hardly get it without paying anything      D.seldom get it just by writing a letter
38.I think all the programmes from BBC English is of great use to you. This sentence means ____.
A.I think all the programmes from BBC English is very great
B.BBC English has many great useful programmes.
C.You can use all the programmes from BBC English
D.All programmes from BBC English are very useful for me

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For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies----and other creatures----learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的) “drive” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Paousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’s response in situation where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on a display of lights---- and indeed that they were able to learn quite complicated turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of lights which pleased them, it was the success that they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
47.According to the author, babies learn to do things which ____.
A. are directly related to pleasure                   B. will meet their physical needs
C. will bring them a feeling of success          D. will satisfy their curiosity
48.Papousek noticed in the studies that a baby ____.
A. would make learned response when it saw the milk
B. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
C. would continue the simple movements without being given milk
D. would turn its head to right or life when it had enough to drink
49.In Papousek’s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to ____.
A. have the lights turned on                     B. be rewarded with milk
C. please their parents                          D. be praised
50.According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving is a reflection of ____.
A. a basic human desire to understand and control the world
B. the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
C. their strong desire to solve complex problem
D. a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills

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