Boys at the top of the pecking order(长幼次序) either by birth or because their older brothers died score higher on IQ tests than their younger brothers.
Norwegian researchers now report that it’s a matter of what they call social rank in the family that gives the first born the highest scores or, if the first born had died young, the next oldest.
Kristensen and Bjerkedal studied the IQ test results of 241,310 Norwegian men drafted(征兵) into the armed forces between 1967 and 1976. All were aged 18 or 19 at the time.
The average IQ of first-born men was 103.2, they found second-born men averaged 101.2, but second-born men whose older brother died young scored 102.9. And for third-borns, the average was 100.0. But if both older brothers died young，the third-born score rose to 102.6.
The findings provide “evidence that the relation between birth order and IQ score is dependent on the social rank in the family and not birth order as such.” they concluded.
It’s an issue that has been hotly discussed since at least 1874,when Sir Francis Galton reported that men in noticeable positions tended to be firstborns more often than would have been statistically (统计) expected.
Since then, several studies have reported higher intelligence scores for firstborns, while other analyses have questioned those findings and the methods of those reports.
“These two researchers prove that how study participants(参与者) were raised, not how they were born, is what actually influences their IQs,” said Sulloway, an American professor, who was not part of the research team.
“The elder child pulls ahead,” he said, “perhaps as a result of learning gained through the process of tutoring younger brothers and sisters”.
“The older child benefits by having to organize and express its thoughts to tutor youngsters”, he said, “while the later born children may have no one to tutor.”According to Norwegain researchers’ finding, which of the following is linked to boys’ IQ?
| A．Birth order | B．Position in the family |
| C．Parents’ social rank | D．Educational experience |
What does the sentence “It’s an issue that has been hotly discussed” underlined in Paragraph 6 mean?
| A．Many people take interest in IQ study. |
| B．IQ study has gone further and further. |
| C．Many people do research on boys’ IQ. |
| D．Opinions are divided on the conclusion. |
According to Kristensen and Bjerkedal’s test results, parents can make youngsters smarter by ________.
| A．treating them as the oldest child |
| B．teaching them as the oldest child |
| C．talking to them as much as possible |
| D．encouraging them to express thoughts |
Bicycle tour and race
A bike tour and race will be held on August 26 and 27（ Sat. &Sun.）at 5:30 am, the riders will leave Tian’an Men Square and ride the first 35 kilometers as a training leg. Then the next 55 kilometers leg, from Yanjiao to Jixian, will be the first competitive part of the tour. The riders and their bikes will then be taken from Jixian to Changli.
The second racing leg of the tour will be from Changli to seaside of Nandaihe, covering a distance of 20 kilometers. Saturday night includes the stay at Nandaihe and supper. Sunday morning is free for play at the seaside. At noon all the people and their bikes will be taken back to Beijing.
Cost: 200 yuan
Telephone: 4675027
Brazilian footballers
The Brazilian Football Club play Beijing Guo’an Team at the Workers Stadium on August 26．The club has four nation team players. Also coming is 1994 US World Cup star Ronario who has promised to play for at least 45 minutes.
Ticket prices: 60,100, 150 yuan
Time /date: 4:30 pm, August 26（Sat.）
Telephone: 5012372
Rocking climbing
The third National Rock Climbing Competition will be held on August 26~27 at the Huairou Mountain-climbing Training Base. More than 10 teams from Beijing, Wuhan , Dalian , Jilin and other places will take part in it. A Japanese team will give an exhibition climbing. Free for spectators（观众）.
Take a long-distance bus from Dongzhimen to Huairou.
Time/Date: 9~12 am, August 26 and 27
Telephone: 7143177, 7144850 Wang Zhenghua
60. The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about _________.
A. visiting teams B. famous players
C. things to do for the weekend D. prices to pay for the sports events.
61. If you take part in the bike tour, you will ride for _________
A. 35 kilometers B. 55 kilometers C. 75 kilometers D. 110 kilometers
62. What is special about the rock climbing competition?
A. Many foreign teams take part in it.
B. You can watch it without paying.
C. You don’t have to be a sportsman to take part in.
D. The bus trip to the places of the competition is free.
63. If you want to do something on Saturday afternoon, which telephone number will you call?
A. 4675027 B. 7143177 C. 5012372 D. 7144850
How hard we have all prayed(祈祷) to grow up quickly, and looked forward to the happy days of being a grown-up and enjoying the many interests that a youth should have.
At last, you have grown up. At least you are no longer a child. They call you “young lady”. You then enjoy the pleasure of being a young lady. You are proud of being a grown-up teenager. People welcome you-this young lady-heartily. You are glad that your prayer has been answered.
But there is always something that troubles you a lot. You say; “Papa and Mama, give me some money please. My pocket money is all gone already.”
“No”, they say, “your age is a dangerous age. If you have too much money to spend, it won’t do you any good.” Then you have to stay at home because you dare not go out with an empty pocket.
Another time you tell your grandma, “Grandma, see, I am a grown-up now.”
“Good, now, you can sit here and knit (编织) this for me while I go and have a rest.” To show that you are no more a child, you have to sit there the whole afternoon doing the work, which only a grown-up can do. After an hour, you find it hard to do, and give the knitting basket back to your grandma. Your grandma criticizes your work. You hear what she says, “Such a big girl can’t do such easy work.” You wish then you were a child again.
But the fact is, you are growing up, and you can’t help it. That’s the way it goes!
56.The passage is told about _______ problems.
A. a growing-up boy’s B. a teenage girl’s C. an old woman’s D. a grown-up’s
57.It is clear that the writer, as a teenager, ________.
A. is pleased with the present life B. is unhappy about growing up
C. doesn’t think her present life happy enough D. knows happy life will come to her soon
58.How does she know her prayer has been answered?
A. People treat her as a young lady. B. She is no longer a kid.
C. People begin to call her teenager. D. She can join women in all kinds of activities.
59.From what her parents say, we know _________.
A. they don’t believe she is already a teenager B. it’s dangerous for a girl to spend money
C. they love her more than before D. they still regard her as a child
Most people seem to be passive at work. They do what they are told to do, and they don’t do what they are not told to do. In the end, one thing results: unmotivated (不积极的) people.
We’re employed to think. In fact, no matter how many times our bosses disagree with us, it is our responsibility to think for the company. There are lots of times when I disagree with my boss, and sometimes we even end up having arguments; however, I still offer my suggestions whenever I don’t agree.
Spending more time thinking also helps us to be more efficient (高效的) and helps to reduce our chances of frustration (挫败). Before I do something, I usually need some time to think about it to make sure that what I’m doing makes sense. This can be as long as a few days when a project is big, or as short as only a few s
econds for a simple task. After thinking about a project, it sometimes becomes clear that a simple task could achieve the same result. In those cases, not only did I save myself from possible frustration, but I also felt happy and satisfied that I saved valuable resources for my company.
With so many people not taking time to think, it’s no wonder that many people are unmotivated. Today, I encourage you to think things over whenever you have a chance. At first, it might take a while, but once it becomes a habit, you will feel more motivated as you will be more valuable to the company.
It is suggested in the passage that people should _____.
| A．stop arguing with their bosses |
| B．seize every chance they meet |
| C．present views to their companies |
| D．avoid big projects |
According to the passage, spending more time thinking _________.
| A．is a waste of time and resources |
| B．can help people understand what others do |
| C．can help people impress their companies |
| D．is a good way to improve efficiency |
The author wrote this passage to ________.
| A．persuade people to do what they are not told to do |
| B．encourage people to be more motivated |
| C．show people how to give different opinions |
| D．tell people how to form good thinking habits. |
It can be inferred from the passage that the author is ______ at work.
| A．negative | B．lazy | C．positive | D．powerful |
High school students have always spread gossip(传言) in the halls, on the walls and on the phone. Now it’s on the Internet, too. On various message boards, kids write about whom they hate, whom they think have fallen in love with each other and record other often hurtful things that may or may not be true.
Sixteen- year-old Jessica remembers once when some kids at her school wrote cruel things about her on the web. “ They were just making fun of me,” she says. They said she’s really ugly, she’s this, she’s that, blah-blah-blah.
Jessica’s 11-yea
r-old sister, Emma, admits she’s used the web to write bad things about another girl, though she regrets it now. “After a while, you may feel like, how could I have been so mean? Or, why did I do that?” she says.
Experts say gossip on the Inernet can be more harmful than the old fashioned kind. It lasts longer and is taken more seriously. And, unlike ugly words on the bathroom wall, there’s no way to get rid of it.
If your kids are victims of online gossip, Dr. Commanday suggests putting the gossip into perspective(正确看待). “Point out to them how what’s being said on the screen differs from what everyone knows about you as a person,” Dr. Commanday says.
You can also try what worked for Emma: Keep your kids off the offensive website! “ When she was using it all the time, her name was there all the time. People were writing things about her,” explains Patti Thrift, Emma’s mother, “ Since she has no longer had access to that, she’ s no longer a topic of conversation.”
Experts say that any time your child is on the Internet , you should know what he or she is doing there. Online gossip is just another reason why.
From the examp
les of Jessica and her sister, we can learn that ________.
| A．ugly girls like to spread gossip online |
| B．ugly girls easily become victims of online gossip |
| C．gossip-makers can regret what they do |
| D．online gossip is mailny some jokes on others |
According to the passage, why is online gossip more hurtful?
| A．It can not be removed. |
| B．It is written words. |
| C．It is much uglier. |
| D．It is easier to believe. |
If you are a victim of online gossip, you’d better_______
A．ask your parents to stop it |
| B．try to stay away from there |
| C．make it known to the police |
| D．speak ill of the gossip-maker |
The purpose of the passage is to _____
| A．introduce different kinds of hurt students might meet with |
| B．advise students to keep away from the Internet |
| C．list the bad influence gossip on the Internet brings |
| D．give some tips on how to prevent hurt of gossip on the Internet |
The passage is mainly written for____
A. experts B teachers C. parents D. students
An animal activist is someone who has love for all kinds of animals. They fight for the right of animals because animals cannot speak for themselves.
Animal activists must love animals and fight against the mistreatment of animals. Becoming an animal activist will allow you to fight against cruelty.
If you are interested in forming a group or helping other organizations, you should know the rights that animals already have and what rights those organizations are working to get for animals. Knowing this will prepare you to help the organizations in their journey or even help you to set a new law yourself.
There are a lot of things you need to learn about being an animal activist. One of the key things is to always fight for what you believe is right.
You can attend hearings (听证会) at city halls and other important meetings. Through these you can learn what is going on and how people present their cases in front of a judge. In addition, some organizations have newsletters (时事通讯) that will let you know all the latest information on animal rights.
As an animal activist you can also attend protests (抗议). Protests are a great way of making your point understood by companies and the media. Protesters often carry signs to show what they are trying to do. They also go on marches, telling people that they all have the same aim and that they will continue to protest until their aims are achieved.
What would be the best title for this text?
| A．What Is a Hearing |
| B．Animal Activists and Animal Right |
| C．The Role an Animal Activist Plays |
| D．How to Attend Protests |
If you want to become an animal activist, you should do all of the following EXCEPT ______
| A．getting the latest information on animal rights |
| B．knowing the rights that animals have |
| C．attending protests against animal rights |
| D．having great love for animals |
We can get information on animal rights from all of the following sources EXCEPT ________
| A．animal protection organizations |
| B．hearings in city halls |
| C．meetings about animal rights |
| D．some companies and the media |
粤公网安备 44130202000953号