During adolescence(青春期), peers（同龄人） play a large part in a young person's life and typically replace family as the center of a teen's social activities. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing. The idea that "everyone's doing it" may influence some kids to leave their better judgment, or their common sense, behind.
As children grow, develop, and move into early adolescence, contacts with one's peers and the attraction of peer identification (认同)increases. As pre-adolescents begin rapid physical, emotional and social changes, they begin to question adult standards and the need for parental guidance. They find it good to turn for advice to friends who understand— friends who are in the same position themselves. By trying new things and testing their ideas with their peers, there is less fear of being laughed at.
There are two levels of peer pressure. The first is in the large group: for most teens a school or a youth group are examples. This is the situation that gets the most attention. The second is in the close relationship with one or several best friends. This is the situation that is sometimes disregarded. The large group puts a general pressure on its members. It sets the standard for clothing, music, entertainment, and "political correctness". The pressure can be avoided by keeping quiet or by putting on the appearance of agreement. Why can’t some children follow their common sense?
| A．Because they want to be liked by everybody. |
| B．Because they don’t want to make fun of others. |
| C．Because they are curious about their new friends. |
| D．Because they think all the children will do the same. |
When in pre-adolescence, who may children ask for suggestions?
| A．Parents | B．Teachers | C．Friends | D．Classmates |
Which word can replace the underlined word disregarded in the last paragraph?
| A．unnoticed | B．mentioned | C．disagreed | D．avoided |
What might be discussed in the following paragraph?
| A．The reasons of peer pressure. |
| B．The advantages of peer pressure. |
| C．Peer pressure from close friends. |
| D．Peer pressure from a youth group. |
On August 16, 1977, Elvis Presley saved me.
The previous afternoon, I played with my six-year-old peers in Heather Peters’ backyard. I was enjoying my cake, when Heather asked me where my sleeping bag was. Only then did I know this party was a sleepover. The word “sleep-over” to a six-year-old bed-wetter is like what “cancer” means to an adult. But what if I told them I was a bed-wetter? At least with cancer, people gather at your bedside instead of running from it.
I thought of a way to escape. I would explain that I needed my mother's permission to spend the nights. But as I called my Mom, Heather stood beside me to listen. She granted permission! Then I would be sleeping in the same living room as the other girls. I didn't bring my own pajamas (睡衣)，so Mrs. Peters offered me Heather's pajamas.
As the other girls drifted into their sweet dreams, I tried to stay awake. “Do I need to go again? I'll stay up to go one more time...”.Of course, I finally fell asleep.
The next morning, I was the first to wake up. I was warm! I lay in panic for what seemed like hours before the other girls started to wake up. I did the only thing I could do — I pretended that the bed-wetting didn't happen. I got up, took off Heather's pajamas and changed into my clothes like the other girls.
Mrs. Peters walked into the room, and before she could say anything, she stepped right onto the pile of my wet pajamas. My heart stopped as I watched her face burn red. “WHO DID THIS?” She screamed, with a look so frightening. Should I answer? And that was when it happened — Mr. Peters came in and grabbed his wife , ‘‘Elvis Presley died!”
The news of the King's death overtook Mrs. Peters, and I, was spared. I got home without the other girls knowing what had happened.The author had to spend the night at Peters' because ________.
| A．the famous singer Elvis Presley died that night |
| B．her mother allowed her to do so |
| C．she and her friends were having a sleepover party |
| D．she enjoyed her cake there |
Mrs. Peters got angry because ________.
| A．all the girls slept at her house |
| B．Elvis Presley passed away |
| C．her husband was rude to her |
| D．she found the wet pajamas |
From the story, we know Mrs. Peters was ________.
| A．a crazy woman |
| B．a fan of Elvis Presley |
| C．a woman for perfection |
| D．a woman who hated to wash pajamas |
The passage is mainly about ________.
| A．an adventure experience |
| B．an embarrassing childhood incident |
| C．a friendship between two girls |
| D．an unfriendly hostess |
The Peales were a famous family of American artists. Charles Wilson Peale is best remembered for his portraits of leading figures of the American Revolution. He painted portraits of Franklin and Jefferson and over a dozen of George Washington. His lifesize portrait was so realistic that George Washington reportedly once tipped his hat to the figures in the picture.
Charles Wilson Peale gave up painting in his middle age and devoted his life to the Peale museum，which he founded in Philadelphia. The world's first popular museum of art and natural science mainly covered paintings by Peale and his family as well as displays of animals in their natural settings. Peale found the animals himself and found a method to make the exhibits more real. The museum's most popular display was the skeleton (骷髅) of a huge，extinct elephant，which Peale unearthed on a New York farm in 1801.
Three of Peale's seventeen children were also famous artists. Paphaelle Peale often painted still lives of flowers，fruit，and cheese. His brother Rembrandt studied under his father and painted portraits of many famous people，including one of George Washington. Another brother，Rubens Peale，painted mostly landscapes and portraits.
James Peale，the brother of Charles Wilson Peale，specialized in miniatures (小画像)．His daughter Sarah Miriam Peale was probably the first professional female portrait painter in America.What is the main topic of the passage?
| A．The life of Charles Wilson Peale. |
| B．Portraits in the 18th century. |
| C．The Peale Museum |
| D．A family of artists. |
The author mentions in Paragraph 1 that Washington tipped his hat to the figures
in the painting to show that________.
| A．Washington respected Charles Wilson Peale's work |
| B．Charles Wilson Peale's painting was very lifelike |
| C．Washington was friendly with Raphaelle and Titian Peale |
| D．the painting of the two brothers was very large |
The underlined word “unearthed” is closest in meaning to“________”．
| A．showed | B．looked over |
| C．dug up | D．invented |
The author's attitude toward the Peales is in general________.
| A．admiring | B．excited |
| C．puzzled | D．Disappointed |
Why do people travel? Well, many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful. People also travel to meet new friends, to try new kind of food, to experience life in other parts of the world or simply to get away from cold weather. Yet there are other reasons why people travel. Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular. Here is a quick look at two popular activities: hiking and rafting.
HIKING
Hiking is a great way to travel. You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time. Hiking is easy to do and doesn’t have to be very expensive. You can hike close to home or travel to other places. The basic equipment you need for hiking is simple: good shoes, clothes and a backpack. You can hike in the mountains, in a forest or along a river. You can also go for a hike in the city.
Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety. Here are some basic tips for successful hiking: 1. Don’t hike alone. 2. Tell someone where you are going; 3. Bring water and a good map; 4. Watch out for dangers, such as spiders, snakes, or poisonous plants; 5. Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun; 6.Bring a mobile phone if you have one.
RAFTING
Another exciting adventure is rafting. A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams. Rafting is a good way to experience nature. If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few trees and other dangers. The name “whitewater” comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.
As with hiking, you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes. You also need to learn the basic skills of rafting, such as how to handle the raft, how to paddle and how to get in and out of the raft. You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim, and you should always wear a life jacket.Adventure travelers want to _______.
| A．try new kinds of food |
| B．meet new friends. |
| C．experience fun and excitement |
| D．visit famous sites or beautiful places |
Hiking is a kind of adventure travel because _________.
| A．it is not expensive |
| B．it is not only exciting but inexpensive |
| C．you need a lot of equipment for it |
| D．you will often put yourself in danger. |
While hiking or rafting, it is important to think about________.
| A．cost | B．excitement | C．safety | D．fun |
While you go rafting, you have to _________.
| A．put on a life jacket. | B．know how to swim |
| C．wear leather shoes | D．have rafting skills |
Barack Obama was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father came to America from Kenya, which is a country in Africa. His parents, Ann and Barack, met when they were students at the University of Hawaii. Since Barack had the same name as his father, young Barack went by the nickname “Barry”.
In 1979, after he finished high school, Barry went to Occidental College in Los Angeles, California. There, he started to learn about his African roots and decided to use his African name, Barack. After two years in L.A., he went to Columbia University in New York City to study politics.
After college, he moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he worked to help poor people in his city. He traveled to Africa to meet his grandmother and cousins for the first time. He went back many times over the years to visit with his family and learn about where he came from. At work, he met a lawyer named Michelle Robinson. They worked together in a big law firm. Then he left Chicago to go to Harvard Law School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He did very well in law school.
After he was done with school, Barack moved back to Chicago and in 1992 he married Michelle. He worked as a lawyer, devoted to helping poor people for free who had been treated unfairly. He worked hard to get the people he helped to vote(投票).
He made many people believe that their votes were important, and helped them feel like they could make a difference.Barack Obama’s father was probably born in _________.
| A．Hawaii | B． Illinois |
| C．Kenya | D．California |
Which of the following is the right order according to the text?
①Getting married to Michelle.
②Travelling to Africa to meet his grandmother
③Going to Harvard Law School
④Going to Columbia University
⑤Working in a big law firm.
| A．④③②⑤① | B．④②⑤③① |
| C．③④①⑤② | D．②①⑤④③ |
How did Obama get people to vote?
| A．By cheating them to do so. |
| B．By making a difference to people. |
| C．By helping poor people who treat others unfairly. |
| D．By showing them the importance of their votes. |
According to the text, which of the following words can best describe Barack Obama?
| A．Kind-hearted | B．Humorous |
| C．Polite | D．Brave |
All over the world people began their exciting day by drinking a cup or several cups of coffee. People have always said that a cup of coffee in the morning helps them begin their day on the right foot. They need this cup of coffee to get going in the morning.
It is not the coffee but something in the coffee that activates(刺激)our bodies and brains. It is a material called caffeine. Caffeine may increase a person’s mental (精神的) and physical abilities. For example, two cups of coffee will augment blood flow, breathing, and body heat production by 10% to 20%. All of this make your heart beat faster and doctors warn (警告) that this may be somewhat dangerous.
Caffeine is found in tea, coffee, chocolate, and many other common foods. A little caffeine is probably helpful. But too much caffeine can result in nervousness and sleeplessness.“They need this cup of coffee to get going in the morning.” In this sentence “get going” means “__________”
| A．go for a walk | B．get along well |
| C．leave home early | D．start their new day |
The underlined word “augment” in Paragraph 2 means “________”.
| A．reduce | B．increase | C．stop | D．develop |
A cup of coffee will make your blood move faster by______.
| A．5% to 10% | B．10% to 20% |
| C．about 15% | D．about 20% |
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