When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else seems unclear. Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become near-sighted.
Then people who are far-sighted endure just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses, too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism（散光）. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts（白内障）. Long ago these people often became blind. Now however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove then.
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle（角度）. To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes. We should take good care of our eyes .
| A．only when we can see well |
| B．only when we cannot see perfectly |
| C．only when we are near-sighted or far-sighted |
| D．even if we can see well or perfectly |
When things far away seem unclear, one is probably .
| A．near-sighted | B．far-sighted | C．astigmatic | D．suffering from cataracts |
The underlined word endure in the third paragraph probably means .
| A．experience | B．imagine | C．suffer from | D．recover from |
Having two eyes instead of one is particularly useful for .
| A．seeing at night | B．seeing objects far away |
| C．looking over a wide area | D．judging distances |
People who suffer from astigmatism have .
| A．one eye bigger than the other |
| B．eyes that are not exactly the right shape |
| C．a difficulty that can be corrected by an operation |
| D．an eye difficult that cannot be corrected by glasses. |
Humans are social animals，and most of us treasure our relationships with family and friends.A research suggests that relationships can keep us healthier.And a new study finds those social connections may also help us live longer.
This new study combined a large number of previous studies and concluded that a lack of social interactions may lead to smoking，obesity，and alcoholism(酗酒) as a risk factor for death.
Professor Julianne HoltLunstad，one of the authors of the study，pointed out several ways relationships can affect our health.They can help us deal with stress.They can help us keep healthy habits like eating well，exercising or seeing a doctor.And_there’s_increasing_research_that_show_a_direct_but_poorlyunderstood_link_between_relationships_and_physiological_processes_in_the_body.
“So for instance，our relationships have been linked to lower blood pressure，better immune(免疫的) function.”said HoltLunstad.“And so our relationships can influence our health in a variety of ways that are all very important.”
Even though HoltLunstad and her colleagues looked at almost 150 different scientific studies，most of them didn’t assess(评估) the quality of the relationships.
“And certainly relationship quality matters，and not all relationships are entirely positive，”she said.“And so it’s possible that the effects that we have reported may be conservative(保守的)，and that the odds(几率) of survival associated with highquality relationships may actually be large.”
She said her research suggests that policy makers need to consider relationships as a health issue.So just as nosmoking zones have expanded over the years，she suggests that city planners，for example，should consider whether their decisions might promote the development of personal relationships.According to the text，a lack of social interaction may lead to ________．
| A．serious illness |
| B．mental problems |
| C．drinking too much wine |
| D．worrying too many things |
What does the underlined sentence mean in the third paragraph?
| A．Relationships have nothing to do with physiological processes. |
| B．People have known the indirect link between relationships and physiological processes. |
| C．The link between relationships and physiological processes has not been studied. |
| D．People haven’t fully understood the link between relationships and physiological processes. |
What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph?
| A．The government should improve people’s health. |
| B．Policy makers should promote social interations. |
| C．The government should encourage people not to smoke. |
| D．Policy makers need to have good social communication. |
What would be the best title for the text?
| A．A health issue |
| B．Social interactions |
| C．How to live longer |
| D．Social interactions help you live longer |
If we bought only things we needed，there would be enough for everybody.What do we need？What you need depends on how old you are and your way of life.Rearrange the list of things you can buy and put the things you think we most need at the top of the list.
Coat
Designer jean
Water
CD player
Dental check up
Restaurant meal
Telephone
Jewelry
Food
Shampoo
MP3 player
Beer
Toothpaste
Bar of chocolate
Cushion cover
If we don’t need to buy so much，we don’t need to work so much.We can take parttime jobs or reduce our working day from eight hours to six hours.Some people are leaving very well paid jobs to live a healthier life in the countryside or a more exciting life abroad.Parents can spend more time with their children and the unemployed are given more opportunities to work.
If we start to respect saving the earth more than spending money，we will become“conservers”(保护者)．When we are conservers，we try to choose environmentally friendly products that last a long time.We may find growing our own vegetables or making our own clothes more rewarding than buying them.
Next time you go shopping，think about what you really need to buy.Don’t deprive (剥夺) yourself of things you like，but decide what you should buy before you go out，so that you won’t be influenced by advertisements or promotions.If it is more expensive to buy goods that don’t have much packaging and things that are more durable (耐用的)，buy less.If you can choose to work less，decide which things you would like to make，do or grow yourself.Even though you have less money，your life will become richer.From the passage，we can see the author suggests us consumers________．
| A．find out more about a product instead of buying blindly |
| B．consider what we really need before going shopping |
| C．avoid regret at not buying enough |
| D．find a real bargain |
The writer will agree with you if you buy products that are________．
| A．beautifully packaged |
| B．extremely cheap |
| C．usable for a long time |
| D．fashionable now |
According to the passage，if we don’t need to buy so much，the benefits will include________．
a．we will have more time enjoying life
b．the employment rate will increase
c．we will get better paid job
d．we as consumers will have more choices of what to buy
| A．a，b，c |
| B．a，b，d |
| C．a，b |
| D．a，d |
This passage is mainly written to________．
| A．persuade people to buy less and buy environmentally friendly product |
| B．put forward some questions so that you can become a smart buyer |
| C．introduce some good ways to make a wiser choice when shopping |
| D．criticize the consumer society in which people buy too much |
Ever wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth？Ever say to yourself：Hey，I wish that I could do more to help the environment？Have you ever thought about trying to help the earth but never really did？Well，here are some pretty easy and skillful ideas for that greenearth desire inside you.
●Turn off your computer.By leaving it on all day you are creating more CO2 than a regular passenger would，driving to and from work in one day.
●Ride your bike or carpool (合用汽车)．Obviously，you are creating less CO2，which will help the ozone (臭氧)．
● Make a garden.Even simply grow some plants in your kitchen，which will help produce more oxygen while eating up some of that evil CO2.
● Buy local groceries.It creates less impact on the environment.Besides，you’re supporting your local farmers.
●Recycle.You had to see this coming.But you have no idea how much you are helping the environment by simply reusing a water bottle instead of buying a huge pack at the store.
● Don’t run the water while brushing.It saves you money and helps the water resources.
● Open the curtains.Natural light is much prettier and it will keep the energy usage down.
● Rechargeable batteries.You have no idea how much it takes to get rid of batteries.Do yourself a favor.Save some money and some energy.The underlined word “impact” in the fourth suggestion means“________”．
| A．disadvantage |
| B．rubbish |
| C．effect |
| D．damage |
If you don’t want to create more CO2，you may________．
| A．turn off your computer or open the curtains |
| B．turn off your computer or ride your bike or carpool |
| C．reuse a water bottle or buy local groceries |
| D．use rechargeable batteries or make a garden |
Which of the following can best describe the function of the first paragraph?
| A．Leadin. |
| B．Argument. |
| C．Main body. |
| D．Conclusion. |
The main idea of the passage is about________．
| A．the importance of environmental protection |
| B．some ways about how to prevent pollution |
| C．some suggestions about how to save energy |
| D．some suggestions about environmental protection |
Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall but in the Yale University Art Gallery(美术馆）.
We spend our one-hour class discussing two or three of the paintings, many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class.
The professor begins by selecting one work of art. After giving us a quick background on the artist, he'll open up for class discussion. Everyone is strongly encouraged to give opinions to the work. Not every piece we study is necessarily famous or striking in appearance and subject matter, yet we always manage to make some interesting observations.
In America, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real world experiences.
With some creativity, almost any subject can be applied to such beyond the classroom learning.
My art history class trips to the gallery are but one example.
Many other subjects also offer opportunities to learn outside the classroom, for example business psychology, art, journalism and biology.
A friend of mine from Yale taking an advanced psychology course spends every Saturday working with mentally disabled children.
Her mornings are spent playing with the kids and studying their sometimes uncontrolled behavior. Then in the afternoon she writes a report on her observations.
Students generally appreciate these unique learning opportunities. They're almost always fun and interesting, and professors like them because students learn so much in just a few short months.
No one denies (否认）the value of classroom learning. But it can only take students so far.
Slides and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and dates, but creativity and originality (创造性）of thought cannot be taught. They can only be got through first-hand experience. The writer studies art history __________.
| A．in a lecture hall |
| B．in an art gallery |
| C．in a simple way |
| D．in a practical way |
In American universities it is popular for professors to __________.
| A．create textbooks by themselves |
| B．teach their lectures through real world experiences |
| C．ask their students to memorize the texts |
| D．share their experiences with the students |
“Slides and textbooks” in the last paragraph refer to __________
| A．the books students may use in class |
| B．the practical experience |
| C．the theoretical experience |
| D．the advice from the professors |
The writer holds the opinion that __________.
| A．learning outside the classroom is the best way |
| B．teachers should develop students' creativity |
| C．professors had better shorten their lectures |
| D．students should put their textbooks away |
When I was in primary school, sometimes I would meet a girl of the same age as me. Lisa was never active, but she was always very sweet and nice. In the 5th grade she came to my class.
She was absent a lot, and one day I had the courage to ask why. She told me she was sick, and she explained she wore a wig(假发）because her medicine made her lose her hair. We left it at that. Anytime Lisa came to class—seldom—I would hang with her on the playground.
I received much ridicule(嘲弄）from my friends for this because they thought I was ignoring them for Lisa. My family education taught me to be nice, and I felt Lisa's needs were much more important than others I knew.
It had been months since Lisa was in our class, and one day our teacher was crying. She explained Lisa died the day before and would no longer be our classmate. She told us Lisa had fought a battle(斗争）with cancer for years.
I was shocked. Lisa never spoke of her illness as if it could kill her. Well, all these years I have kept Lisa in my mind and heart. When I go through the important events in my life, I think of Lisa.
I've had a strong wish recently to find her mother and father. I'd like to tell them that though they never met me, their daughter had a sweet effect(影响）on my life. I have no idea what her parents' first names are. I write to your column(栏目 ) and hope you can point me in the right direction.
Lisa was such a lovely girl. Maybe her parents would be comforted by the fact that after all these years they are not the only ones who remember her. The underlined sentence in Para. 2 probably means __________
| A．we kept on talking about her illness later |
| B．we discussed the topic and then left together |
| C．we just stopped talking about her illness |
| D．we went away after talking about her illness |
Why was the author being laughed at?
| A．Because she wore a wig to school. |
| B．Because she always played with Lisa. |
| C．Because she cried in the classroom. |
| D．Because she lost her friends because of Lisa. |
What did the author learn from Lisa?
| A．To keep your illness a secret. |
| B．To be nice to everyone everywhere. |
| C．To face challenges in life bravely. |
| D．To put others' needs above yours. |
The author wrote this passage mainly to __________.
| A．remember a true friend |
| B．ask for help to find a friend's parents |
| C．show her concern for a friend |
| D．tell her experience of fighting cancer |
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