What if I took that big jump on my bike?What’s the worst thing that could happen if I go out at midnight?Should try smoking?The teen years can play out like a choose-your-own-adventure novel.
Teenagers must act on an endless parade of choices.Some choices.including smoking.Come with serious consequences.As a result, adolescents often find themselves trapped between their impulsive tendencies（-Just try it!)and their newfound ability to make well-informed and logical choices（-Wait, maybe that’s not such a good idea!）.
So what makes the teenager’s brain so complex? What drives adolescents-more than any other age group-to sometimes make rash or questionable decisions?
If you have ever thought that the choices teenagers make are all about exploring and pushing limits, you are on to something. Experts Experts believe that this tendency marks a necessary period in teen development.The process helps prepare teenagers to confront the world on their own. It is something all humans have evolved to experience-yes, teens everywhere go through this exploratory period.Nor is it unique to people:Even laboratory mice experience a similar stage during their development.
For example，laboratory experiments show that young mice stay close by their mothers for safety. As mice grow．their behavior does too．“When they reach puberty，they’re like，‘I’m gonna start checking out how this environment looks without my mom，…explains Beatriz Luna,of the University of Pittsburgh．
As a developmental cognitive neuroscientist，Luna studies those changes that occur in the brain as children develop into adults．She and other researchers are showing how the teen experience can lead to powerful advantages later in life．Take mice again：Young mice that explore most tend to live longest——that is，unless a cat eats them，Luna adds．What is the best title for the text?
| A．Teenagers make endless choices |
| B．The teenage brain drives them to be different |
| C．How the teenage brain develops |
| D．Researches about the teenagers |
What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean?
| A．It means “you are wrong”. |
| B．It means“you lose your way”． |
| C．It means“you get the point”． |
| D．It means“you are off the point”. |
According to the text,the teenager who explores most wiIl
| A．make no mistakes in his life． |
| B．have advantages over others. |
| C．loSe his confidence even his life. |
| D．experience no failure and live Iongest. |
What does the writer want to tell us by taking mice for example？
| A．young mice try to look for safety. |
| B．Young mice like to stay with their mothers. |
| C．Mice also experience a period to explore the world. |
| D．Mice experience different stages. |
What may the text discuss in the next part?
| A．How call a teenager make right choices |
| B．Why the parents shouldn’t allow teenagers to smoke |
| C．What has been discovered in the lab experiment． |
| D．What really goes on in the teenage brain. |
The message what the "Eat up All on Your Plate" campaign tries to convey is not new. Our ancestors had poems about the importance of frugality (节俭) in the consumption of food. But it makes a lot of sense when many are yet to have the awareness that food waste borders on a crime.
The campaign has been started online and thousands of people have answered the call. Many restaurants have joined the program by announcing that customers are encouraged to order half a dish and take home what they can't finish.
However, it is estimated (估计) that 50 million tons of grain are wasted every year in China, enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
True, official banquets (宴席) paid with public money contribute much to such waste. But it is important that everyone thinks about how they can do their bit to reduce food waste. We need to develop the habit of never ordering or cooking more than we can eat and feeling guilty when we dump our leftovers.
Many people have a bad habit of entertaining guests with more than enough food, believing that they have not satisfied their guests' appetites if there is no food left on the table. In fact, to be a good host they order more than their guests can possibly eat and their guests eat more than they want out of politeness.
Such a mentality needs to change. People need to be made aware that it is impolite to force guests to eat more than they are comfortable with and it is insensible and uncivilized to waste food. Even if one is wealthy, ordering more than one can eat is a bad way to show off one's wealth. The writer thinks the campaign "Eat up All on Your Plate" makes sense because______.
| A．some people have some bad eating habits |
| B．some officials are wasting a lot of food |
| C．wasting food is still rather common in China |
| D．saving food is a traditional virtue of China |
The writer shows how serious the problem of food waste is by_____.
A. Using examples
B. Offering figures
C. Comparing
D. Analyzing people’s attitude
【小题3The problem of food waste can be handled only when_______.
A. officials are forbidden to eat out with public money
B. more similar campaigns like this one have been started
C. restaurants don’t serve all the food people have ordered
D. everyone takes action to fight against food waste
Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden change in pronunciation started, with vowels (元音) being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact (接触) with many people from around the world. This meant that lots of new vocabulary entered the language. The invention of printing also meant that there was now a common language in print. Books became cheaper and more people learned to read. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the dialect of London became the standard. In 1604 the first English dictionary came out.
Early Modern English and Late Modern English are mostly different in the number of words. Late Modern English has many more words, mainly because of the following two reasons: First, the Industrial Revolution (工业革命) led to the need for new words. Second, the British Empire covered one quarter of the earth’s surface, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries.
From around 1600, the English colonization (殖民地化) of North America led to American English. Some English pronunciations and words “froze” when they reached America. In some ways, American English is more like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English. Some expressions that are called “American English” are in fact from British expressions. They were kept in the colonies while lost for a time in Britain. Spanish also had an influence (影响) on American English. For example, words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante are from Spanish. They entered English by the people of Spain who settled in the American West. French words and West African words also influenced American English.
Today, American English has a greater influence, because of the USA’s movies, television, popular music, trade and technology.The main difference between Early and Late Modern English lies in _____.
| A．vocabulary | B．pronunciation |
| C．spelling | D．grammar |
What helped to increase the vocabulary of Late Modern English?
a. the invention of printing
b. the Industrial Revolution
c. the colonization
d. the contact with other countries
| A．a, b, c | B．a, c, d |
| C．a, b, d | D．b, c, d |
From the passage, we can learn the word “canyon” is from _____.
| A．American dialect | B．African dialect |
| C．Spanish | D．French |
The third paragraph mainly talks about _____.
| A．English colonies in North America |
| B．the development of American English |
| C．other languages’ influence on American English |
| D．the difference between American English and British English |
Sports are all about change. A team gets better. A kid practices more and swims a personal best or learns a new move on the basketball court. In 2006, two things happened that got me thinking about change—in sports and in life.
One of them is tennis champion Andre Agassi, who retired in 2006. Agassi was a terrific player who won 60 titles, including eight major championships(冠军称号). But his greatest accomplishment（成就）might have been how much he changed during his career.
When he was young, Agassi was a show off who seemed to care only about himself. He didn't train very hard, but he won matches because of his tremendous（极大的） talent.
Eventually, though, injuries and his bad attitude caught up with him. He fell from No.1 in the world ranking to No.141.
So Agassi changed. He trained harder and became a world-class player again. More importantly, he changed as a person. He was nicer to fans and opponents（对手）. He stopped thinking just about himself and started thinking about others. Through his Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation, he raised more than $60 million to help disadvantaged kids around his hometown of Las Vegas, Nevada. He even started a school, the Andre Agassi College Preparatory Academy, for at-risk kids.
At the start of a new year, lots of people promise themselves they will change. They might vow to get in good physical shape, do better in school or be nicer to others.
Changes such as those can be difficult. But they do happen. Just remember Andre Agassi: It wasn't easy, but he changed, and changed for the better.According to the writer, which of the following may be the greatest achievement for Agassi?
| A．He once ranked No.1 in the world rankings. |
| B．He won 60 titles. |
| C．He changed much during his career. |
| D．He won 8 major championships. |
What does the underlined work “vow” in the 6th paragraph probably mean?
| A．promise. | B．agree. | C．wish. | D．prove. |
What do you know about Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation?
| A．It is intended to help at-risk kids. |
| B．It is a charity school set up by Agassi. |
| C．Some disadvantaged kids can get help from it. |
| D．Agassi runs it with his prize money. |
What might be talked about in the paragraphs following this passage?
| A．What achievements Agassi has made after he changed for the better. |
| B．How we can change for the better. |
| C．Another thing happened in life that got the writer thinking about change. |
| D．Some assessments(评价) about Agassi from different people. |
The mom had died when the rescuers found her after the terrible earthquake. She was covered by a destroyed house. Through gaps(缝隙) of those ruins, the rescuers could see her last posture(姿势). It was something like an ancient person who was kowtowing(叩头), but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.
The rescuers confirmed(证明) her death by touching her through the gaps of the ruins. They shouted at the ruins again and again, knocked the bricks using various tools, but no reply inside.
Then the rescuing team went to the next building. Suddenly the leader ran back, calling "Come here." He came to the body, put his hands under the woman, feeling and touching, then shouted loudly and gladly, "There is someone, a baby, still living."
Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins which blocked her. Under her body lay her baby, who was covered by a small red quilt (棉被)．He was about 3 or 4 months old. Since well protected by his mother's body, he was safe. He was in a deep sleep when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him. The doctor, along with the rescuing team, took the baby out of the quilt to check if the baby was all right, and he found there was a mobile phone in the quilt. The doctor looked at the screen; a written message was already there: "My dear baby, if you could live, doesn’t forget how much I love you." As a doctor, he experienced much of this type of separation；but at this moment, he cried. The mobile phone was passed, and every person who saw this message shed (流出) tears.When the rescuers found the mom, she________.
| A．was using her mobile phone to ask for help |
| B．begged the rescuers to save her baby first |
| C．was struggling with the pressure |
| D．didn't have the normal shape |
Which of the following is true?
| A．The mom was kowtowing when the rescuers found her. |
| B．The rescuers carried the baby out without difficulty. |
| C．The little baby was found behind the mom. |
| D．When the baby was rescued, he was fast asleep. |
The passage is mainly about________.
| A．a story of saving a mother and her baby |
| B．the disaster of a terrible earthquake |
| C．the rescuers' hard work after an earthquake |
| D．the great love of a mother in the earthquake |
A student was one day taking a walk with his teacher. As they went along, they saw a pair of old shoes lying in the path. They were a poor farmer’s, who was working in the nearby field.
The student turned to the teacher, saying: “we will hide his shoes, and hide ourselves behind those trees, and wait to see what he will do.”
“My young friend,”answered the teacher,“we should never make fun of the poor. Why not put a coin in each shoe, and then we will hide ourselves and watch?”The student did so and they both hid themselves behind the trees. The poor man soon finished his work, and came across the field to the path where he had left his coat and shoes.
After putting on his coat, he put his foot into one of his shoes, and felt something hard. Then he bent (弯腰) down to feel what it was, and found the coin. Surprised, he looked at the coin, turned it around and looked at it again. He then looked around, but no person was seen. He put the money into his pocket, and continued to put on the other shoe. His surprise was doubled on finding the other coin.
He couldn’t control his feelings and fell to his knees, looked up to the sky and expressed his thanks. Then he spoke of his wife, sick and helpless, and his children without bread. He said the help would save them from dying.
The student stood there deeply moved, and his eyes filled with tears. “Now,” said the teacher, “are you not much happier than if you had hidden the shoes?”When the student saw the shoes, he wanted to _____.
| A．steal them |
| B．find their owner |
| C．play a joke on the owner |
| D．give the owner some money |
When the farmer saw the second coin, he _____.
| A．was very excited and grateful |
| B．was worried and looked up at the sky |
| C．was surprised and decided to find the owner |
| D．spoke of his difficulties and asked for more help |
At the end of the story, the student _____.
| A．was very proud of himself |
| B．was very pleased with his life |
| C．felt very sorry about his first idea |
| D．felt sad for not taking his teacher’s advice |
What can we learn from the passage?
| A．It is never too late to learn. |
| B．All good things come to an end. |
| C．Where there is a will, there is a way. |
| D．True happiness comes from helping others. |
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