"Hey, don't read in the hallway. Your eyesight will be damaged." You must have heard such warnings many times. “Don’t read in poor light!” This is one of the common beliefs that are supposed to help us live a healthy life. Such beliefs are, however, without scientific basis(根据), according to a paper published recently in the British Medical Journal.
Do you believe in the following sayings?
Reading in poor light ruins your eyesight.
In poor light, you might blink (眨眼) more, suffer from drying and have trouble focusing. But most of eye experts believe it is unlikely to do any damage forever.
We must drink at least eight glasses of water a day.
In 1945, the Nutrition Council in US suggested that people need to drink 2.5 litres of water a day. But the water contained in food, particularly fruit and vegetables, as well as in milk, juice and soft drinks, also counts towards the total.
We only use 10 percent of our brains.
This idea appears as early as 1907. People have long argued about our power of self-improvement and our brains’ possible abilities. But X-rays show that no area of the brain is silent or inactive.
Shaving your legs causes hair to grow black faster and thicker.
This theory is also illusion. Studies say that shaving has no effect on the thickness or rate of hair growth. Just over time, the edge of hair gets worn away and thus the edge of long hair becomes finer (更细). What does the paper say about some common beliefs?
| A．They are useful knowledge in life. |
| B．They help us live in healthy ways. |
| C．They are well-known theories. |
| D．They do not have scientific basis. |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?
| A．People use 90 percent of their brains. |
| B．Shaving your legs will give you thicker hair. |
| C．Reading in poor light does harm to people’s eyes. |
| D．People need not less than eight glasses of water a day. |
The underlined word “illusion” in the last paragraph probably means “_________”.
| A．a wrong idea | B．a powerful evidence |
| C．an interesting story | D．a clear instruction |
This passage is most likely to be found in __________ .
| A．a newspaper | B．a guide book |
| C．a history textbook | D．an advertisement |
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
What Is a Boy?
Between the innocence of babyhood and the seriousness of manhood we find a delightful creature called a “boy”. Boys come in different sizes, weights, and colors, but all boys have the same belief: to enjoy every second of every minute of every hour of every day and to fill the air with noise until the adult males pack them off to bed at night.
Boys are found everywhere — on top of, under, inside of, climbing on, swinging from, running around, or jumping to. Mothers spoil them, little girls hate them, older sisters and brothers love them, and God protects them. A boy is TRUTH with dirt on its face, BEAUTY with a cut on its finger, WISDOM with chocolate in its hair, and the HOPE of the future with a snake in its pocket.
When you are busy, a boy is a trouble-maker and a noise. When you want him to make a good impression, his brain turns to jelly or else he becomes a wild creature bent on destroying the world and himself with it.
A boy is a mixture — he has the stomach of a horse, the digestion of stones and sand, the energy of an atomic bomb, the curiosity of a cat, the imagination of a superman, the shyness of a sweet girl, the brave nature of a bull, the violence of a firecracker, but when you ask him to make something, he has five thumbs on each hand.
He likes ice cream, knives, saws, Christmas, comic books, woods, water (in its natural habitat), large animals, Dad, trains, Saturday mornings, and fire engines. He is not much for Sunday schools, company, schools, books without pictures, music lessons, neckties, barbers, girls, overcoats, adults, or bedtime.
Nobody else is so early to rise, or so late to supper. Nobody else gets so much fun out of trees, dogs, and breezes. Nobody else can put into one pocket a rusty knife, a half eaten apple, a three-feet rope, six cents and some unknown things.
A boy is a magical creature — he is your headache but when you come home at night with only destroyed pieces of your hopes and dreams, he can mend them like new with two magic words, “Hi, Dad!”
56. The whole passage is in a tone of ______.
A. humor and affection B. respect and harmony
C. ambition and expectation D. confidence and imagination
57. By saying “he has five thumbs on each hand.”, the author means .
A. he has altogether five fingers B. he is slow, foolish and clumsy
C. he becomes clever and smart D. he cuts his hand with a knife
58. According to the writer, boys appreciate everything in the following except ______.
A. ice cream B. comic books
C. Saturday mornings D. Sunday schools
59. What does the writer feel about boys?
A. He feels curious about their noise. B. He is fed up with these creatures.
C. He is amazed by their naughtiness. D. He feels unsafe staying with them.
Is a mouse that can speak acceptable? How about a dog with human hands or feet? Scientists, the people with the know-how to make such things happen, are now thinking about whether such experiments are morally right or not.
On Nov. 10, Britain’s Academy of Medical Sciences launched a study on the use of animals with human materials in scientific research. The work is expected to take at least a year, but its leaders hope it will lead to guidelines for scientists in Britain and around the world on how far they can go mixing human genes into animals in search of ways to fight human diseases.
“Do these constructs (构想) challenge our idea of what it is to be human?” asked Martin Bobrow, a professor of medical genetics at Cambridge University and chair of a 14-member group looking into the issue. “It is important that we consider these questions now so that appropriate boundaries are recognized.”
Using human material in animals is not new. Scientists have already created monkeys that have a human form of the Huntingdon’s gene so they can study how the disease develops; and mice with livers (肝) made from human cells are being used to study the effects of new drugs.
However, scientists say the technology to put ever greater amounts of human genetic material into animals is spreading quickly around the world --- raising the possibility that some scientists in some places may want to go further than is morally acceptable.
Last year in Britain there was a lively debate over new laws allowing the creation of human-animal embryos (胚胎) for experiments. On one side of the debate were religious groups, who claimed that such science interferes with nature. Opposing them were scientists who pointed out that such experiments were vital to research cures for diseases.
The experts will publish reports after the end of the study, in which they will give definitions for animal embryos with human genes or cells, look at safety and animal welfare issues, and consider the right legal framework to work within.
72. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Scientists in Britain and around the world.
B. Leaders of the research.
C. Guidelines for scientists.
D. Scientific experiments.
73. Scientists do research of mixing human genes into animals in order to ____.
A. test new drugs on animals
B. to find ways to fight human diseases
C. prove the research is morally acceptable
D. create monkeys and mice with livers made from human cells
74. We can infer from the passage that ____.
A. the experts will release reports after the study
B. scientists have never doubted the use of animals with human materials
C. the creation of human-animal embryos for experiments is legal in Britain
D. religious groups hold that cures for diseases have to be done through experiments
75. What would be the best title of the passage?
A. Morally right or not? B. A debate about new laws
C. Cures for diseases D. Animal embryos with human genes
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer(癌症).
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain gives out the same hormones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc．In general, the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger violently can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently (猛烈地)may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
64. “Damaging emotion” means that _________.
A. the emotion is harmless B. the emotion is harmful
C. the feeling is very strong D. the feeling is hard
65. Which statement is right? 
A. When you are angry, you would be cancered (得癌症).
B. Once you are angry, you must be cancered.
C. Though you are often angry, you can't be cancered.
D. Anger may cause you a cancer.
66. Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists.
A. is just as harmless as B. is more harmful than
C. is just no better than D. is much better than
67. According to the author, you'd better _________.
A. never be angry B. cool it down before you express it
C. laugh and laugh when you get angry D. admit you are wrong when you are angry
Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.
“I’ll be the first millionaire in Coleford!” Richard used to boast.
“And you’ll be sorry you knew me,” George would reply “because I’ll be the best lawyer in town!”
George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any money. Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street. It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.
Then Richard married a mysterious girl. The couple spent their honeymoon on the coast—but Richard never came back. The police found his wallet on a deserted beach but the body was never found. He must have drowned.
Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George. But from time to time, he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his former rival(竞争对手). Perhaps he missed him?
George was very interested in old dictionaries. He’d recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and George was delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped(包裹) in. He was astonished—the smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.
“Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rivals（对手）Dylans. The company, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia.”
60. George and Richard were ________ at school.
A. roommates B. good friends C. competitors D. booksellers
61. How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?
A. He envied Richard’s marriage. B. He thought of Richard from time to time.
C. He felt lucky with no rival in town. D. He was guilty of Richard’s death.
62. George got information about Richard from ________.
A. a dictionary collector in Australia B. the latter’s rivals Dylans
C. a rare first edition of a dictionary D. the wrapping paper of a book
63. What happened to George and Richard in the end?
A. Both George and Richard became millionaires.
B. Both of them realized their original dreams.
C. George established a successful business while Richard was miss
ing.
D. Richard became a millionaire while George had no great success.
第三部分：阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分, 满分24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Every Christmas, we visit my parents who live nearly 400 miles away from us. It is always 9 to 10-hour drive, but we always try to make it because that’s the only time my parents get to see their grandchildren.
One year, I was the driver, my wife Adriana was in the passenger seat, my three kids----Jacob, Ethan and Caleb----sat in the back seat, and our 
dog Susie was placed by the kids’ feet.
That year, we traveled at night to avoid the heavy holiday traffic. We
left the house at about 9:00 in the evening, so we could get to my parents’ house by about 6:00 the next morning.
The first three hours was fine. My wife and kids were all fast asleep, including Susie who was lying on Jacob’s lap. But by around 1 am, I was very sleepy. So I stopped at a small convenience store and tried to wake myself up with a cup of coffee. The coffee helped for several miles. But soon I was drifting in and out of sleep. I closed my eyes for what felt like a very short moment. What I didn’t know was that I was slowly driving towards the other lane and that a truck was coming quickly towards us.
I had fallen asleep at the wheel when Susie roughly woke me up by jumping onto my lap. When I opened my eyes, I saw the glaring headlights of the truck heading towards our car. I quickly drove the car back to our lane. I had narrowly missed hitting the truck and getting my family into what could have been a very serious accident.
I checked everyone to see if they were OK, and they were still fast asleep. I drove the rest of the distance very alert and awake. As soon as we got there, I told my wife, my kids and my parents what Susie had done and we could not have been more proud of our dog.
56. Why does the author visit his parents with his family every Christmas?
A. Because Christmas is the only time he can relax every year.
B. Because his parents don’t like the 400-mile travel.
C. Because he missed his parents very much.
D. Because his parents can only see their grandchildren at that time.
57. What did the author do to wake himself up during the journey?
A. He got off the car to breathe the fresh air.
B. He stopped to have a cup of coffee.
C. He talked with his wife and children.
D. He stopped every few miles.
58. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
A. the author’s wife and kids had no idea about the narrow escape during the journey
B. the author was so frightened by the truck that he could hardly drive for the rest of the
journey
C. no one but Susie kept awake for the whole journey
D. the author had never experienced a car accident before
59. The passage tells us a story about ______.
A. a poor driver’s first driving experience
B. how the author’s family spent their Christmas
C. how a dog saved a whole family
D. the disadvantages of driving at night
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