Yinxu (Ruins of Yin) is the ruins of the last capital of China’s Shang Dynasty (1600 BC - 1046 BC). The capital served 255 years for 12 kings. It shows the golden age of early Chinese culture, crafts and science, a time of great prosperity (繁荣) during the Chinese Bronze Age (青铜时代).
Discovered in 1899, Yinxu is one of the oldest and largest archeological sites (考古遗址) in China and is one of the historical capitals of China and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It lies in central Henan Province, near the modern city of Anyang, and is open to the public as the Garden Museum of Yinxu. It is famous as the source of oracle bone script (甲骨文), the earliest recorded form of Chinese writing. The oracle bone script has recorded almost everything from dream-explaining to events such as harvests, birth of a child, the weather and the success of military campaigns.
Over 3,000 tombs, 2,200 pits, and 200 houses have been dug out at Yinxu. The large number of burial accessories found there shows the high level of the Shang crafts industry.
The site includes a main palace and an ancient tomb. Besides, there are a number of large buildings, at least 53 of which have been dug out.
Yinxu has seen many years of research, first researched by the Academia Sinica in the late 1920s to the early 1930s and most recently by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.During which period may Yin have been the capital of Shang Dynasty?
| A．1600 BC - 1500 BC | B．1500 BC - 1200 BC |
| C．1200 BC - 1050 BC | D．1050 BC - 850 BC |
From the passage, we can know that Yinxu _______.
| A．was discovered in the 1920s |
| B．can be visited by the public |
| C．now proved the failure of the Shang Dynasty |
| D．was the last capital of China’s Shang Dynasty |
We can infer from the passage that ________.
| A．there are 200 houses in Yinxu |
| B．many things are still to be dug out |
| C．Anyang is a city of the Shang Dynasty |
| D．no research has been carried out on Yinxu |
American high school students are terrible writers, and one education reform group thinks it has an answer: robots. Or, more accurately, robot-readers-computers programmed to scan student essays and spit out a grade.
Mark Shermis, professor of the College of Education at the University of Akron, is helping to hold a contest, set up by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation ( WFHF), which promises $ 100,000 in prize money to programmers who write the best automated grading software. "If you're a high school teacher and you give a writing task, you're walking home with 150 essays, " Shermis said, "You're going to need some help. "
Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s, but computers back then were not up to the task. In the late 1990s, as technology improved, several textbook and testing companies jumped into the field. Today, computers are used to grade essays on South Dakota's student writing assessments and a handful of other exams, including the TOEFL test of English fluency, taken by foreign students.
The Hewlett contest aims to show that computers can grade as well as English teachers---- only much more quickly and without all that depressing red ink. Automated essay scoring is "objective," Shermis said, " And it can be done immediately. If students finish an essay at l0 pm, they get a result at 10 :00 pm . "
Take, for instance, the Intelligent Essay Assessor, a web-based tool marketed by Pearson Education, Inc. Within seconds it can analyze an essay for spelling, grammar, organization, and help students to make revisions. The program scans for key words and analyzes semantic (语义的) patterns , and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of text much the same as a human reader. The text is written to introduce________.
| A．Hewlett contest |
| B．education reform in America |
| C．robot-readers |
| D．William and Flora Hewlett Foundation |
What does the underlined phrase "spit out "in Paragraph I probably mean?
| A．Analyze. | B．Organize. |
| C．Give. | D．Check. |
What does Paragraph 4 focus on?
| A．The application of automated essay scoring. |
| B．The advantages of automated essay scoring. |
| C．The prize of Hewlett contest. |
| D．Teachers' opinions about Hewlett contest. |
Americans like to travel on their yearly holiday. Today, more and more travelers in the United States are spending nights at small houses or inns (客栈) instead of hotels. They get a room for the night and the breakfast the next morning.
Rooms for the night in private homes with breakfast have been popular with travelers in Europe for many years. In the past five to ten years, these bedandbreakfast places have become popular in the United States. Many of these America's bedandbreakfast inns are old historic buildings. Some bedandbreakfast inns have only a few rooms. Others are much larger. Some inns do not provide telephones or televisions in the rooms, others do.
Staying at a bedandbreakfast inn is much different from staying at a hotel. Usually the cost is much less. Staying at an inn is almost like visiting someone's home. The owners are glad to tell about the areas and the interesting places to visit. Many vacationists say they enjoy the chance to meet local families.
Americans take a holiday trip ________.
| A．every year | B．for years |
| C．all the year round | D．every other year |
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
| A．The bedandbreakfast inns have been popular in America for a long time. |
| B．The bedandbreakfast inns are private homes opened to vacationists. |
| C．Some Americans like to stay at bedandbreakfast homes instead of hotels. |
| D．The bedandbreakfast inn owners provide a morning meal for their visitors and a room |
for the night.
Why do American travelers prefer staying at bedandbreakfast inns?
| A．They can meet local families. |
| B．The money they spend there is much less. |
| C．It is like visiting someone's home |
| D．All of the above. |
Staying at the bedandbreakfast inns, ________.
| A．the owners will show the travelers around the area |
| B．the travelers don't have to pay for the telephone or television |
| C．the travelers can meet and talk with the local people |
| D．the travelers needn't pay anything |
Two students started quarreling at school. One student shouted dirty words at the other, and a fight began. What can be done to stop fights like this at school? In some school, the disputants sit down with peer mediators(同龄调解者). Peer mediators are students with special training in this kind of problems.
Peer mediators help the disputants to talk in a friendly way. Here are some of the ways they use:
1）Put what you think clearly but don’t say anything to hurt the other. Begin with “I feel…” instead of “You always…”
2）Listen carefully to what the other person is saying. Don’t stop the other person’s words.
3）Keep looking at the other person’s eyes when he or she talks.
4）Try to see the other person’s side of the problem.
5）Never put anyone down. Saying things like “You are foolish” makes the talk difficult.
6）Try to find a result that makes both people happy.
Peer mediators never decide the result or the winner. They don’t decide who is right and who is wrong. Instead, they help the two students to find their own “win-win” result. The underlined word “disputants” refers to the students ________.
| A．who are lazy | B．who give in |
| C．who make peace | D．who quarrel |
When there is a fight at school， ________.
| A．the students who quarrel decide who the winner is |
| B．the peer mediators and the disputants talk together |
| C．the peer mediators decide who the winner is |
| D．the two students sit down and listen to the peer mediators |
Peer mediators’ work is ________.
| A．to give students some special training |
| B．to find out who starts a quarrel |
| C．to give lessons to disputants |
| D．to help find a way to make both sides happy |
During the talk, if you say “You are lazy” or “I feel angry”, ________.
| A．the other person will understand you better |
| B．it’s hard for you to get a “win-win” result |
| C．it’s easy for you to decide who is right |
| D．the other person will know he or she is wrong |
A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong to take care of what you eat.
There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.
It is easy to get into bad eatinghabits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired in these days and you can not think quickly.
Watching what you eat will help your body remain healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.
Which of the following diets do you think is the best one?
| A．Milk, bread, cabbages and beef. |
| B．Eggs, tomatoes and chicken. |
| C．Corn, fish, cream and pork. |
| D．Rice, beancurd, apples, fish and chicken. |
Which of the following is a good eating habit?
| A．Eating fish and chips for supper all the time. |
| B．Finishing your lunch in a very short time. |
| C．Going to school without any breakfast. |
| D．Having at least one food from all four groups in each meal. |
In this passage the writer mainly tells us that ________.
| A．every person needs food to grow well |
| B．taking exercise can keep your body strong |
| C．the right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy |
| D．enough energy helps people think more quickly |
The underlined word “dairy” in the second paragraph means ________.
| A．a farm where cows are kept |
| B．the food made out of cows such as milk and butter |
| C．the shop that sells milk and butter |
| D．a place where milk products are made |
Vanessa Brown, a senior lecturer of art at Nottingham University, explores the cultural and psychological relation between sunglasses and our modern idea of “cool.” Her research has uncovered about why most of us look better in shades.
Because they really make your misshapen face look better. Put on a pair of sunglasses, and an instant beauty as a result of balance! The dark lenses cover up any unbalanced oddities(奇异) around your eyes, and research on facial attractiveness shows a clear link between balance and our sense of beauty.
Because of mystery. Many of the quick judgments we form about people come from looking in the eyes; shade yours, and you’re instantly a more attractive presence. Eye contact helps us form judgments about someone’s intelligence, confidence, and sincerity and sunglasses keep us literally in the dark about forming those perceptions. And it works both ways, because the wearer of the sunglasses feels more mysterious, too.
Because of their historical link with sharpness and attraction. We take their existence for granted today, but sunglasses are relatively modern, Brown said. Sales started to pick up in the 1920s, but they didn’t become commonplace until about two decades after that. The way sunglasses were most used prior to their commercialization helps explain their inside coolness, Brown said, because in their early days sunglasses were primarily used during risky water and snow sports, which made them seem “daring and totally modern.”
Soon after that, Hollywood stars of the 1950s and 1960s started wearing sunglasses to defend themselves from being recognized by the public or bothered by paparazzi(狗仔队), whose flashbulbs would often explode violently, Brown said. Anyhow, movie stars’ adoption of them strengthened a sense of romance. Also—and this is more from my own personal research than Brown’s—hang-overs. They’re really great for hiding hang-overs. Which of the following would Vanessa Brown agree with?
| A．Sunglasses deliver mystery to the observers as well as the wearers. |
| B．Sunglasses were mainly used in risky sports after their commercialization. |
| C．Sunglasses are relatively modern and they became commonplace in the 1920s. |
| D．Sunglasses cover up unbalanced oddities on the face to give people a sense of mystery. |
The writer believes that Hollywood stars prefer to wear sunglasses ________.
| A．to hide their hang-overs |
| B．not to be recognized in the public |
| C．to be more attractive and romantic |
| D．to escape the flashbulbs of paparazzi |
Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage?
(①="Paragraph" 1 ②="Paragraph" 2 ③="Paragraph" 3 ④="Paragraph" 4 ⑤="Paragraph" 5)
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