Statusesaremarveloushumaninven

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
难度中等
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Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit”in society．As we go about our everyday lives，we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses．For example，we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian，whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman，whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader，and so on．
The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter，and change throughout life．Most of us can，at very high speed，assume the statuses that various situations require．Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us．This means that we fit our actions to those of other people，based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation．Although some of us find the task more difficult than others．most of us perform it rather effortlessly．
A status has been compared to ready－made clothes．Within certain limits the buyer can choose style and fabric．But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince．We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society．Further more，our choice is limited to a size that will fit，as well as by our pocketbook．Having made a choice within these limits，we can have certain alterations made，but apart from minor adjustments．We tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks．Statuses too come ready made，and the range of choice among them is limited．
In the first paragraph the writer tells us that statuses can help us_________．

A．protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations

B．make friends with other people

C．determine whether a person is fit for a certain job

D．behave appropriately in relation to other people

According to the writer，people often assume different statuses ________．

A．in order to identify themselves with others

B．as the situation changes

C．in order to better identify others

D．as their mental processes change

The underlined word“appraisal”in the 2nd paragraph most likely means_______．

A．judgment

B．appreciation

C．involvement

D．presentation

In the last sentence of the second paragraph，“it”refers to“_________”．

A．identification of other people’s statuses

B．fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately

C．selecting one’s own statuses

D．constant mental process

By saying that“an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince”，the writer means___________．

A．different people have different styles of clothes

B．ready－made clothes may need alterations

C．our choice of statuses is limited

D．statuses come ready made just like clothes

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四、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A businessman walks into a bank in San Francisco and asks for the loan officer. He says he is going to Europe on business for two weeks and needs to borrow ＄5000 . The bank officer says the bank will need some kind of security for such a loan. So the businessman hands over the keys to a Rolls Royce parked on the street in front of the bank. Everything checks out, and the bank agrees to accept the car as collateral for the loan. An employee drives the Rolls Royce into the bank’s underground garage and parks it there.
Two weeks later, the businessman returns, and repays the ＄5000 and the interest, which comes to ＄15.41.
The loan officer says, “ We are very happy to have had your business, and this transaction has worked out very nicely, but we are a little puzzled. While you were away, we checked you out and found that you are a multimillionaire. What puzzles us is that why would you bother to borrow＄5000?”
Laughing, the businessman replies, “ Where else in San Francisco can I park my car for two weeks for ＄15?”
56. The businessman walks into the bank with the true purpose of      .
A. borrowing＄5000                           B. meeting the loan officer
C . finding a place to park his car             D. showing how rich he is
57. The loan officer is puzzled because        .
A. he never thought he could meet a multimillionaire in his bank
B. he thinks the businessman is crazy to leave his car in the bank
C . he never thought the businessman could drive a Rolls Royce
D. he thinks＄5000 is so small a sum of money to the businessman
58. The underlined word “collateral” in Paragraph 1 most probably means“       ”.
A. security     B. payment      C . reward      D. deal
59. Which of the following words can best describe the businessman according to the story?
A. Honest   B. Clever   C . Rich   D. Kind

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COURSE: Introduction to American History
INSTRUCTOR: Dr Jane Klammer
OFFICE: 305 Marshall Hall
OFFICE HOURS: 11: 15~12: 30 M W F (Monday Wednesday Friday)
CLASS: 363 Marshall Hall 3: 35~5: 00 T Th (Tuesday Thursday); 10: 10~ 11: 00 M W F; Other time by appointment
TELEPHONE: 255 4786
TEXTBOOK: The American Tradition: A History of the United States (written by Green& Robert. Published by Ohio State University Press, 1973), which is bought at the College Bookstore.
Attendance is not required, but you are responsible for all the information given in the class lectures. In the lectures I will talk about the chapters in the textbook and other materials that I choose to add to the course. The exams will cover all this information. Therefore, I advise you to come to the class as much as possible. If you have to miss a class, be sure to get the class notes from another student.
Your homework assignments are listed on the next page. If there are any changes in the assigned homework reading, I will announce them in class.
You are supposed to read the chapter about which I will be lecturing before you come to class. This is to make sure that you understand as much as possible while taking notes in my lectures. Be prepared when you come to class.
The term paper is 40% of your final grade. It should not be more than fifteen pages(Another thinking of majoring in history may write twenty-five pages). Before the midterm exam you will choose the topic for your paper.
72. If a student wants to know what the homework assignments are, ______.
A. Prof. Klammer announces them in class
B. he（she）reads the list on the next page
C. Pro. Klammer gives a list every week in class
D. he（she）goes to the professor’s office
73. If a student cannot see Prof. Klammer during her office hours, he ______.
A. sees her after class B. calls her at home
C. makes an appointment with her D. asks another student
74. According to the passage, which of the following is probably TRUE?
A. The textbook is written by Dr Klammer.
B. If you have to miss a class, be sure to say sorry to Prof. Klammer.
C. The students can buy “Introduction to American History” at the College Bookstore.
D. Prof. Klammer encourages his students to take notes in her class.
75. It can be judged that ______.
A. before the final exam, you will choose the topic for you paper
B. the students who will take the course had better attend the lectures as much as possible
C. your term paper should be more than fifteen pages
D. you will have a class at 11:15~12:30 on Sunday

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A newspaper, published usually on a daily or weekly basis, has the main function of reporting news. Many newspapers also furnish their readers with other pieces of useful information, such as weather reports, TV program broadcast, and other kinds of information. They provide commentary on politics, economics, arts and culture. In nearly all cases and in different degrees, newspapers depend on commercial advertising for their income.
A survey said that nearly six out of ten adults in the United States and Canada read a newspaper every day, and seven out of ten read a paper each weekend. By the time they see a newspaper, most people have already heard about breaking news stories on TV or on the radio. Readers depend on newspapers to provide detailed information and analysis (分析) which TV and radio almost don’t offer. Newspapers not only tell readers that an event has happened but also help readers understand what led to the event and how it will affect the world.
The members of a large newspaper work under the nonstop pressure of deadlines to bring news to readers as quickly as their minds, bodies and the technology they use permit. Reporters, photographers, artists, and editors find the materials and form articles and graphics (图片) —sometimes in just a few hours. Page designers combine articles, photos, advertisements, and eye-catching headlines into page layouts (版面), then quickly print the paper out. Printing system may work through the night to print out more than 60,000 copies per hour.
68. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A. How many people read newspapers.         B. Why many people read newspapers.
C. How a newspaper comes into being.        D. How newspapers affect us.
69. The underlined word in Paragraph 1 means “______”.
A. offer        B. review            C. found     D. produce
70. What can we learn from the passage?
A. All the income of a newspaper comes from ads.
B. Canadians depend on newspapers more than Americans.
C. The staff of a newspaper must meet deadlines from time to time.
D. Only by reading the newspaper can readers get the latest news.
71. According to the passage, what affects the pace of a newspaper’s publication?
A. The editors.                                    B. The printers.
C. Its human resources and technology.        D. The reporters.

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Researches have shown that music has an important effect on one’s body and mind. In fact, there is a growing field of health care known as Music Therapy, which uses music to treat diseases. Even hospitals are beginning to use music therapy. This is not surprising, as music affects the body and mind in many powerful ways.
Researches have shown that quick music can make a person feel more alert (警觉的), while slow music can produce a calm, deep thinking state. Also, researches have found that music can change brainwave activity levels. This can help the brain to change speeds more easily on its own as needed, which means that music can bring lasting benefits to your state of mind, even after you’ve stopped listening.
Breathing and heart rate can also be influenced by music. This can mean slower breathing, slower heart rate, and a relaxing response. This is why music and music therapy can help reduce the damaging effects of long-term stress, greatly promoting not only relaxation, but health.
Music can also be used to bring about a more positive state of mind, by helping to keep worries away. Music has also been found to bring many other benefits, such as lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of strokes among others. It is no surprise that so many people are considering music as an important tool to help the body become or stay healthy.
64. What can we know about music therapy?
A. It is a type of music.
B. It is a research about music.
C. It is a kind of disease affected by music.
D. It is a method of using music to help treat diseases.
65. According to the second paragraph, we can know that ______.
A. music with different speeds has different effects
B. quick music is not good for one’s health
C. slow music can help one think more slowly
D. music will have less benefit after one stops listening
66. The reason why music can help deal with stress is that ______.
A. it is used by many hospitals
B. it can help change brainwaves
C. it is beneficial to breathing and heart rate
D. it can bring a more positive state of mind
67. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. the importance of music therapy
B. the benefits music can bring to treat diseases
C. a research on the effect of music
D. the diseases music can help to treat

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I found a website that has changed my life. The website is wishuponahero.com and it is all about people helping others, not expecting anything in return.
I am a single mom with a son. My son’s 12th birthday was on October 29th, 2007. Knowing that I didn’t have money to buy him a birthday gift had broken my heart. So, I decided to post a wish on wishuponahero.com for people to send my son birthday cards.
Many cards just started coming in and my little son was very excited and this went on for about three weeks. The smile on his face and the sparkle (闪光) in his eyes brought me to tears.
Then, at the end of November, he started thinking about Christmas and he already knew that there would not be a tree for him because we didn’t have enough money. However it didn’t matter to him. All he talked about was how much he wanted to make other children smile. So he decided to earn money to buy Christmas cards and send them to other children from poor families. My son went out daily and raked leaves and walked some dogs to make money. Not only did he buy cards, but he also made enough money to buy all the stamps and lollipops to send with the cards. He sent out about 100 cards. Doing this brought him the same smile and sparkle in his eyes as the birthday cards that he received did.
60. The single mother posted a wish on wishuponahero.com because ______.
A. she wanted to send her son a card on the website
B. she liked the website very much
C. she was too poor to buy her son a birthday present
D. she thought her son would like the website very much
61. What did the son do for other poor children on Christmas?
A. He sent them his own Christmas tree.
B. He earned money to send them cards with candy.
C. He raked leaves and walked dogs for them.
D. He made some lollipops to make them smile.
62. Why was there sparkle in the son’s eyes at the end of the story?
A. He thought of his birthday cards and other good people.
B. He earned a lot of money by himself.
C. He thought of what his mother had done for him.
D. He was glad and excited to help other poor children.
63. What can we conclude from the story?
A. Surfing the Internet is of great use.
B. One should take care of his or her children.
C. People can ask for help from wishuponahero.com.
D. Learning to give makes one’s life more meaningful.

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