WHENtherearesomestrangersinfro

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
难度中等
浏览 1964

WHEN there are some strangers in front of us, which of them will we trust?
According to a new study in the online PLOS One, people make their decisions to trust others largely based on their faces. Your appearance can do a lot for you, especially if you are in the financial industry. The more trustworthy you look, the more likely people will buy what you’re selling.
Researchers from Britain’s University of Warwick Business School, University College London, and Dartmouth College, US, did a number of experiments.
The research team used computer software to make 40 faces, from the least to the most trustworthy-looking.
The study said that the difference between a trustworthy face and one that isn’t as trustworthy comes from features that look slightly angry or slightly happy, even when the face is at rest. However, a slightly happy face is more likely to be trusted.
Researchers gave participants some money and asked them which face they trusted to invest the money for them. Then researchers gave some good and bad information about the people with these faces, and asked the participants again whom they trusted.
The results showed that even if they got different information, the participants didn’t change their choices. They were still more likely to invest their money with the more trustworthy-looking faces.
Chris Olivola, one of the study’s authors, said in the University of Warwick’s press release: “It seems we are still willing to go with our own instincts (本能) about whether we think someone looks like we can trust them. The temptation (诱惑) to judge strangers by their faces is hard to resist.”
Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?

A．What kind of face do you trust?

B．Who did the experiments?

C．Why do you trust him or her?

D．Why did they do the experiments?

According to the study, which of the following faces is most likely to be trusted?

A．A sad face.	B．A smiling face.
C．A crying face.	D．An angry face.

Which of the following about the experiment is TRUE?

A．The trustworthy faces were given good information.

B．Researchers took photos of the 40 people’s faces in college.

C．Most participants gave their money to the trustworthy-looking faces.

D．Participants liked to choose the faces with good information.

What did the researchers learn from their experiment?

A．People can’t refuse temptations.

B．People always do things with their instincts.

C．People often judge strangers by their faces.

D．People don’t trust strangers with sad faces.

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第一节：（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
How do successful people think? What drives them? Interviews and investigations indicate that there are several keys to success that successful people share.
First of all, successful people never blame someone or something outside of themselves for their failure to go ahead. They realize that their future lies in their own hands. They understand that they cannot control things in life, such as nature, the past and other people. But in the meantime, they are well aware that they can control their own thoughts and actions. They take responsibility for their life and regard this as one of the most empowering things they can do. Perhaps what most separates successful people from others is that they live a life “on purpose”---- they are doing what they believe they are put here to do. In their opinion, having a purpose in their life is the most important element that enables them to become fully functioning people. They hold that when they live their life on purpose, their main concern is to do the job right. They love what they do ---- and it shows. People want to do business with them because of their commitment(忠诚). To live their life on purpose, successful people find a cause they believe in and create a business around it. Besides, they never easily give up. Once they have set up goals in their life, they are willing to work hard whatever it takes to achieve their goals. Top achievers always bear in mind what they don’t have.
Rather than be negative or depressing, they use the knowledge to spur themselves on and go after what they want energetically and passionately.
46. The underlined word “it ” refers to “____”.
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B. the job that successful people do
C. the commitment with which successful people do their jobs
D. the business that successful people do with other people
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A. do a lot of work
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C. do business with many people
D. control things in life
48. The underlined word “spur ” most probably means “____”.
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Ellen Swallow Richards was the first woman to earn a bachelor’s degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). A chemist, social activist, teacher, and first woman member of the Institute of Engineering, she believed that housekeeping was a science. As a progressive thinker at the time, she thought that women needed to learn about money matters and have up-to-date information on cleanliness and nutrition. She encouraged women from all backgrounds to get the best education possible.
Ellen was born in 1842 and was brought up in Massachusetts. A graduate of Vassar College in New York, she returned to New England to attend MIT. After her marriage to Professor Robert Richards, she worked in a laboratory at MIT, examining pollution of water sources in Massachusetts. Her work led to the creation of the first food-inspection (检验) laws of that state. She was instructor at MIT from 1884 until her death in 1911.
Like other progressive thinkers of the time, Ellen was worried about problems of the poor and the effect of the environment on society. She considered the environment a key factor in quality of life. Within the family, as in the world at large, science was chief in tools used to help the poor. Science could help to manage money matters, keep a home safe and clean, and improve quality of life. Food properly cooked could be tasty, nutritious, and inexpensive. Better and cheaper food could protect the health and improve the lives of working-class families.
Ellen created the science of housekeeping, now called home economics, and elevated（提升）it to a serious college subject. She worked tirelessly as a national leader in developing standards, materials, and teacher training for this new field. Her publications cover many subjects—from the chemistry of cooking and cleaning to the cost of living.
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A. provided new jobs for the poor
B. helped to create new kinds of food
C. set up the field of home economics
D. created the ideas of food-inspection laws
58. As a progressive thinker, Ellen __________.
A. suggested people cook their own meals at home
B. believed cheap food was better than expensive one
C. advised women to get the best education possible
D. considered money matters a key factor in quality of life
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A. poor families knew how to manage money
B. families were well informed about good nutrition
C. cheaper food could not protect people’s health
D. families spent much on food but were not well nourished
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A. one may study home economics at a university for a career
B. the pollution of water sources is no longer a problem
C. most people today learn to cook at school
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53. Why are many people for a ban on the use of mobiles in public places?
A. Because hundreds of people can hear them talk.
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C. Because other people’s peace and quiet is more important.
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第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
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The Greenbelt, a wide belt of open land around the cities and towns of the San Francisco Bay Area, includes about 3.75 million of the Bay Area’s 4.5 million acres. The Bay Area Greenbelt is one of the largest areas of open land in any U.S. urban   area. Open land is land that has few buildings and lots of natural areas. The Greenbelt’s open land includes parks, forests, beaches, and more than 8,500 farms.
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walking and biking areas close to the cities and towns;
places for wild plants and animals;
cleaner air and water; and
income from farms.
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Five hundred seventy thousand acres of the Greenbelt are in danger. There are builders who want to build suburbs on them. If those acres become suburbs, many things will change:
the urban and suburban area will almost double;
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the air will become dirtier.
What is Greenbelt Alliance (联盟)?
Greenbelt Alliance, an organization that saves land in the San Francisco Bay Area, works alone and with other groups to save the Greenbelt in four ways:
Try to persuade people to build new buildings on land that is already urban, not on open land.
Make sure that the city and town governments are all making plans to save the Greenbelt.
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Teach people in the Bay Area why the Greenbelt is important and what they can do to help save it.
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A. The Greenbelt is the largest open land in the United States.
B. The Greenbelt covers much more than half of the Bay Area.
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D. There are more than 8,500 natural areas on the Greenbelt.
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A. convenience for exercise                 B. income from sightseeing
C. cleaner city streets                             D. more plants and animals
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A. traffic is getting worse                       B. some plan to build suburbs on it
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A. It builds new buildings on open land.
B. It buys large open land for the Bay Area.
C. It educates people how to save the Greenbelt.
D. It helps the city governments make plans.

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