Sam Walton, the founder of Wal-Mart, was born in Kingfish, Oklahoma on March 29, 1918. He was raised in Missouri where he worked in his father’s store while attending school. This was his first retailing (零售业) experience and he really enjoyed it. After graduation, he began his own career as a retail merchant.
He soon opened his first Wal-Mart store in 1962 in Rogers, Arkansas. Wal-Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success. Soon a chain of Wal-Mart stores sprang up across rural America.
Walton's management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today.
After taking the company public in 1970, Walton introduced his “profit sharing plan”. The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal-Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store. Sam Walton believed that “individuals don't win, teams do”. Employees at Wal-Mart stores were offered stock options (认股权) and store discounts. These benefits are commonplace today, but Walton was among the first to implement (实现) them. Walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales. He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company’s success, they would care about the company.
By the 1980s, Wal-Mart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores across North America. Wal-Mart’s unique decentralized (分散的) distribution system, also Walton’s idea, created the edge needed to further encourage growth in the 1980s during growing complaints that the “superstore” was stopping smaller and traditional stores from developing. By 1991, Wal-Mart was the largest US retailer with 1,700 stores. Walton remained active in managing the company, as president and CEO until 1988 and chairman until his death. He was awarded the Medal of Freedom shortly before his death.
Sam Walton first made a hit in retailing when __________.
A．he worked in his father’s store B．he created Walton's management style C．a chain of Wal-Mart stores sprang up across rural America D．he specialized in name brands at low prices
A．To make sure all the employees had their own shares. B．To encourage the employees to work hard and make joint efforts. C．To select excellent employees for his stores. D．To make more profit for himself.
A．With Walton’s management style, employees treated the stores as their own. B．Walton wasn’t one of the merchants who first implemented stock options. C．The smaller and traditional stores were well affected by Walton’s stores. D．In his old age, Walton gave all the management to his men.
A．Danger. B．Disadvantage. C．Advantage. D．System.
You had better learn to be grateful．If you are grateful，you naturally yourself up to receive all kinds of blessings and good things in life．You can receive almost everything you want ．If you want recovery soon，start by feeling grateful that you are still ．If it is more money that you want，start being grateful for whatever of money you already have．
You see，showing gratitude(感恩) is the key to every thing in life．It is the key to successful relationships，it is the key to successful futures and it is the key to healthier and happier lives．And this is where the importance of being grateful lies． ，it makes life better．
One of my favorite is “If you learn to appreciate more of what you already have，you will find yourself having more to appreciate．” Think about that！
Something as as a “Thank you for being in my life” or “I having you here with me”，can go a long way．It will make the other person feel good，and it also will make you feel better！
So maybe your wife is not very around the house，but she’s great at cooking your favorite ．Or，maybe your child milk all over your new shirt right before you walked out the door for work，but usually he makes you laugh so much and makes you the luckiest parent in the world．
I strongly you to make a promise to yourself for the next week．Decide to every morning and think of at least 5 things that you are for．Then say them out loud．You will notice a smile on your face without even ．In 30 days you will feel completely renewed．This is the of being grateful！
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阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things have come to represent, in fact, what I call and love.
I don’t remember my father ever getting into a swimming pool. But he did the water. Any kind of ride seemed to give him pleasure. he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along.
But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being the water, moving through it, it all around me. I was not a strong , or one who learned to swim early, for I had my . But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my fathers’ office and those summer days with my father, who come by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there in his suit, the person not in swimsuit.
After swimming, I would go his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk he worked in the lab, an assistant or a student might come in and tell me perhaps I shouldn’t be playing with his . But my father always and said easily, “Oh, no, it’s .” Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to get an ice cream...
A poet once said, “We look at life once, in childhood; the rest is .”And I think it is not only what we “look at once, in childhood” that determines our memories, but , in that childhood, looks at us.
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阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My friend Jenny from Germany spent some time traveling in India.She ____ the country so much that she always got attracted by it.While there，she ____ with Leela，her friend who was Indian.Aside from the ____ that she got as a foreigner，Jenny always had ____ problems.It was so difficult for her to communicate and converse in this new environment and culture.
One day，a ____ thing happened.Along with Leela，she went to visit an orphanage(孤儿院)．All the children there were ____；each one fell somewhere between the ages of fifteen days to one－and－a－half years old.
After some initial hesitation，Jenny ____ went to the kids and sat beside them.After some time，one of the kids smiled at her.Her mind ____ a little，and she immediately was drawn towards that child.
She slowly held the child and started ____ a rhyme in German.The small child continued to ____ and started repeating after her.The words that escaped the little mouth were much ____ from those that Jenny hummed，but the rhythm was the same.Jenny sang a little more and the child ____ it again.On and on they went.
Wanting to join in all the ____，another kid went up to Jenny and started humming the rhyme.They ____ a million smiles together.
Noticing Leela's eyes on her，she blurted(脱口而出)an explanation ____ from her heart：“See，I don't have language problems here.We speak，we ____！”
That day，it was ____ for Leela and the others in the orphanage to see such a heartwarming，language－less connection.In that moment，she ____：we're all simply human，and we have the ____ to connect with each other.It's simple，and ____ deep inside.
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完形填空
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses(老茧）and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a , including all his struggles.
One summer, I remember, a drought (旱灾）hit Ontario, turning it into a desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didn’t quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated and . Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves! ”Dad .“Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re .” Such is Dad----whatever problem he , he never gives up. , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county. It was a challenging time for everyone, Dad remained optimistic. He to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plated. Only then did I truly begin to Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.
Dad is also a living example of real . From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to________ our family. He always puts our happiness his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games his exhaustion after long days. His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and _______，putting others first.
Dad，the life I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero.
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I could have easily gone through life without getting to know one of the most romantic feelings---love for a dog.
For at least ten years my had been suggesting that we get a dog. There were several reasons why the idea . We had noticed that, on our block, couples with no children as a rule one large or two small dogs. So we got one puppy we too had no children.
He flew into the house with the of a Formula 1 (一级方程式赛车). In several minutes he ran over all the house, from my shoulder onto the bed, and ended up in the , where my wife washed him with motherly . From that day on, the invisible（看不见的） _ for the love of the new member of our household began at my home.
He seemed to that at once. Most of the meals that my wife had for him with greater care than those for me---he didn’t look at.
Every evening I went out walking with him. I could not know who was walking whom one evening, when, tired from work, I the walk. The dog was very angry and dragged me out.
Last night our dog pulled me by the ear with his teeth, me up in my dream, and dragged me into the kitchen to make me turn off the which had disturbed（干扰） his sleep. I meekly（乖乖地） that I had forgotten to switch off the light, but that was not . He looked at me like a teacher at a pupil who repeatedly makes .
Now we finally know who’s the at home, and for twenty years we had seriously argued whether it was my wife or I.
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