Cutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too, new research suggests.
Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet British medical journal.
“Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances for getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives,” US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast (电视广播) briefing from her home state of Kansas. “As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管的) and respiratory diseases (呼吸疾病). This is not a small effect.”
Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative (投机的，推测的), the researchers conceded (承认，给予), based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung (粪便), charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.
And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.
“Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change," said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.
For example, switching to low-polluting cars in London and Delhi, India, would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar (高耸，高涨) to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.What does the passage mainly about?
| A．How can people live longer. |
| B．Cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves life. |
| C．Global warming threatens people’s lives |
| D．People should stop relying on fossil fuels |
The new research differs from past studies in that ________.
| A．it focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissions |
| B．it studies the bad effects arising from future global warming |
| C．it is believed by most people |
| D．it mainly targets at developing countries |
According to Kathleen Sebelius ________.
| A．sometimes it takes years to see the bad effects caused by consuming fossil fuels |
| B．without greenhouse gas emissions, people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases |
| C．the main reason why people get sick is that they rely on fossil fuels |
| D．death from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissions |
It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
| A．London and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissions |
| B．switching to low-polluting cars would save 160 lives in London every year |
| C．walking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart disease |
| D．attacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory |
It is the season…for long lines and frayed (紧张的) nerves. Here’s how to deal.
Lighten up
Do youreslf a favor and ship your presents. Nearly every U.S. airline charges a fee to check a bag, so shipping gifts is now cheaper and more convenient than carrying them in your luggage.
Weigh your options
Now knowing what you’re going to pay for your luggage is annoying. So calculate your overweight-luggage fees at home. You can find the fees out in advance by visiting new site Luggage Limits, which provides the latest information on more than 90 airlines.
Leave amateurs in the dust
Trust us and get to the airport an extra half-hour early. The check-in and security lines are filled with 
inexperienced fliers, and it’s a hard walking. Plus, if you decide to cut it close, you may not get onto the flight at all. To reduce costs, airlines have reduced on flights and routes. The remaining flights are more likely to be oversold, especially on busy travel days. Fliers who check in early are the least likely to get bumped from oversold flights.
Take it public
The rates for renting a car at the airport have more than doubled over the past year because rental lot inventories(财产) have increased dramatically. True, renting at the airport is convenient, but it’s just not worth it anymore. Unless you really need a car, take public transportation, hop a cab, or beg a friend to pick you up at the airport instead.
Say no to bumper cars
Tell the people picking you up to avoid parking their car. They can hang out in their car for free while waiting to get a call from you when you land. Many airports, including JFK and LAX, now feature this sensible choice.
68.Airlines have reduced flights to___ .
A. deal with crisis B. reduce the time for leave
C.lower the cost D. provide more job chances
69. We can learn from the passage that____ .
A. taking a taxi at the airport is expensive
B. taxis stay at the airport free of charge
C. cars can park at the airport for free
D. JFK encourages people to take a taxi
70. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. 5 Ways to Survey a Holiday Flight. B. Good Seasons for Flight
C. Cars at the Airport D. How to Board a Flight
Three months after the government stopped issuing（发放）or renewing permits for Internet cafes because of security（安全）concerns, some café owners are having financial concerns of their own.
The permits were stopped suddenly three months ago by the government until new safeguards could be put in place to prevent misuse of the information superhighway, but for café owners it’s a business breakdown with no fix in sight.
“I heard in a request to open up an Internet café and received the conditions,” said the businessman Obeidallah. “I rented a place in the Sharafiah district at SR45,000 and prepared the place with equipment that cost me more than SR100,000. When I went to the local government after finishing everything, I was surprised to find that they’d stopped issuing permits for Internet cafes.”
Having an Internet café without Internet is much like having a coffee shop without coffee. “I’m avoiding closing the place, but it’s been more than three months with the situation ongoing as it is.” Obeidallah said. “Who will bear the losses caused by the permit issue?”
The decision took many café owners by surprise. “I asked to open an Internet café, and I was handed a list of all the things that were needed to follow through, such as a sign for the place, filling out forms,” said Hassan Al-Harbi.
“I did all that was asked and rented a place. And after the Haj vacation I went to the local government and they surprised me, saying that there are new rules that forbid the issuing of any more Internet café permits and that one can’t even renew his permit. I’ve lost more than SR80, 000,” Al-harbi added.
As for government, officials say a method to deal with it is on the way, but security concerns come before profit（盈利）.
67．The government stopped issuing or renewing permits for Internet cafes ______.
A. to prevent misuse of new safeguards in Internet cafes
B. to make café owners earn less profit from their business
C. to stop the use of the information superhighway on Internet
D. to make sure of the proper use of the information superhighway
68．The government’s decision led to the fact that many café owners _______.
A. suffered heavy financial losses B. asked to open up Internet cafes
C. continued to operate Internet cafes D. asked the government for payment
69．The underlined phrase in the last paragraph “on the way” means _____.
A. to be studied B. to be put into practice
C. to be changed D. to be improved
70．The café owners found the government’s decision ______.
A. surprising and unacceptable B. understandable and acceptable
C. reasonable but surprising D. surprising but acceptable
Winter is dangerous because it’s so difficult to know what is going to happen and accidents take place so easily. Fog can be waiting to meet you over the top of a hill. Ice might be hiding under the melting snow, waiting ahead to send you off the road. The car coming to you may suddenly slip across the road.
Rule Number One for driving on icy roads is to drive smoothly. Sudden movements can make a car very difficult to control. So every time you either start or stop your car, increase or reduce your speed, you must be as gentle and slow as possible. Suppose you are driving with a full cup of hot coffee on the seat next to you. Drive so that you wouldn’t spill（溅）it.
Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen. The more ice there is, the further down the road you have to look. Test how long it takes to gently stop your car. Remember that you may be driving more quickly than you think. Generally, allow twice of your usual stopping distance when the road is wet, three times this distance on snow, and even more on ice. Try to stay in control of your car at all times and you will not get into trouble.
63．People can after reading this passage.
A. find out about the weather
B. get some information on driving lessons
C. decide which is the best season for traveling
D. learn about better driving
64．In the passage the writer talks about a cup of coffee .
A. to show how important smooth movements are
B. to ask the drivers to bring some soft drinks with them
C. to tell the drivers to be more relaxed
D. to show how it can be spilled
65．Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Traffic accidents take place easily in winter.
B. Fog and melting snow often cause car accidents.
C. The stopping distance on ice is as long as the usual one.
D. In winter you should drive your car with great care.
66．Which traffic sign shows the main idea of the passage?
|
|||
|
A. B.
|
|
C. D.
Princeton University
Location
The University is in Princeton, New Jersey. It is an hour’s train ride south of New York City and an hour’s train ride north of Philadelphia.
Students
There are 4,600 undergraduates. There are also 1,900 graduate students, but Princeton is unusual among universities in having a student body made up largely of undergraduates.
Faculty
Princeton has about 700 full-time faculty members. There are another 300 or so part-time and visiting faculty. All faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.
Degrees
Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees: the bachelor of arts (A.B.) degree and the bachelor of science in engineering (B.S.E.) degree.
Academic Year
An academic year runs from September to late May and lasts two terms (fall and spring). A normal course load is four or five courses per term, although many students take extra courses.
Residences
Princeton provides housing for all undergraduate students. Freshmen and second-year students are required to spend their first two years in one of five colleges. Each college has its own dining hall, common rooms, and computer centers.
Fees and Expenses (Academic Year2004-2005)
Tuition:$29,910
Room and board:$8,387
Other expenses (books, telephone, etc.):$ 3,083
Total:$ 41,380
59．How many kinds of faculty members are there in Princeton University?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
60．In Princeton University, an undergraduate will pay at least________ for the Academic Year 2004-2005 besides tuition.
A. $ 41,380 B. $ 52,850 C.$ 11,470 D. $ 8,387
61．In what way is Princeton University different from other American universities according to the text?
A. It has five colleges.
B. Its students are mainly undergraduates.
C. It provides housing for all undergraduate students.
D. All the faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.
62．Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees.
B. An academic year lasts about nine months in Princeton University.
C. Undergraduates should spend their first two years in one of five colleges.
D. It’s about an hour’s train ride from Princeton University to the north of New York City.
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Several days ago, a Beijing-based IT company fired about 400 people overnight. No one had expected the job cuts, which broke with traditional ways of letting go of workers in China. Moreover, what was special about this case was that the day before the 400 were fired, they all received from their boss a gift—the book "Who Moved My Cheese?"
The book—a bestseller in the US—is being used by men and women to deal with changes in their lives and work. Some large organizations, including Coca-Cola, Kodak and General Motors, ask their employees to read it in order to encourage them to be active towards changes.
Cheese is something related to everyone’s livelihood-Our jobs, the industries we work in, relationships and love as well.
With China’s official entry into the WTO, the whole nation will face up to more changes and challenges. So what we should do once this" cheese" on which we are so dependent is moved?
"Whatever challenges and changes we meet, we should face up to them bravely," Jiang Hengwei, a civil servant said after reading the book.
Professor Zhang Yang in Renmin University of China agrees. "We should change our way of thinking. The coming competitive foreign companies and products provide us with great chances to learn from them and improve our own products to meet international standards and be more competitive. "
"With hardwork and wisdom, we will create a much larger and better piece of cheese. " Zhang smiled confidently.
56．The whole passage is about_________.
A. a bestseller in the US
B. what people think about China’s entry into the WTO
C. the change in people’s attitude towards changes and challenges
D. how a book influences the Chinese workers
57．The company in Beijing gave each of the 400 fired workers a copy of "Who Moved My Cheese" in order to_________.
A. be more competitive with foreign firms
B. find an excuse for their job cuts
C. let the workers make a living on their own
D. encourage the fired workers
58．The word" cheese" in the passage can refer to_________.
A. something we depend on B. a most important kind of food
C. change or challenge D. way of life
粤公网安备 44130202000953号