Weproduce500billionofplasticba

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更新 2022-09-03
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We produce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans, killing wildlife and getting dumped in landfills where they take up to 1000 years to decompose. Researchers have been unsuccessfully looking for a solution.
The 16-year old Canadian high school student, Daniel Burd, from Waterloo Collegiate Institute,
has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(分解) in as few as 3 months, a finding that won him first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair, a $10 000 prize, a $20 000 scholarship, and a chance to revolutionize a major environmental issue.
Burd's strategy was simple: Since plastic does eventually degrade, it must be eaten by microorganisms (微生物). If those microorganisms could be identified, we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normal conditions.
With this goal in mind, he ground plastic bags into a powder and concocted(调制) a solution of household chemicals, yeast(酵母) and tap water to encourage microbes growth. Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for 3 months. Finally, he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags, exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control. Sure enough, the plastic exposed to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after six weeks.
The inputs are cheap: maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work, and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon dioxide.
“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door, I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of me. One day, I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with these plastic bags. The answer: not much. So I decided to do something myself.” said Daniel Burd.
Daniel Burd won first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair because________.

A．he found a new kind of microorganism

B．he contributed much to environmental protection

C．he found a way to degrade plastics in shorter time

D．he could encourage microbes growth in an easier way

Daniel Burd exposed one plastic sample to dead bacteria to ________.

A．make the live bacteria work better

B．test how effective his method was

C．know which bacteria worked faster

D．control the temperature in the process

Maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because ________.

A．plastics can get hot easily

B．microbes can produce heat themselves

C．much carbon dioxide is produced

D．the temperature can be controlled

Daniel Burd got his idea from ________.

A．his school textbook	B．the failure of researchers
C．his everyday work	D．the practice of other people

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More surprising,perhaps, than the present difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving.As Skolnick notes,Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a drop in the early 1915s,the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this promarriage context: some 30 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains by far the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.
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13.By calling American marrying people the author means that .
A.Americans are more traditional than Europeans
B.Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans
C.there are more married couples in U.S.A. than in Europe
D.more of Americans,as compared with Europeans, prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age
14.Divorced Americans        .
A.prefer the way they live
B.will most likely remarry
C.have lost faith in marriage
D.are the vast majority of people in the society
15.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today’s American families?
A.Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.
B.A typical American family is made up of only a husband and a wife.
C.Americans prefer to have more kids than before.     D.There are no nuclear families any more.
16.“Part time”children        .
A.spend some of their time with their half brothers and some of their time with their halfsisters
B.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage
C.are shared between the two former spouses          D.cannot stay with “fulltime” children
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A.the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage
B.the functions of marriage remain unchanged
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B.lost his hearing when he was a child
C.didn’t like his brothers and sisters
D.was born to a naturalist’s family
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A.he didn’t live very long with them
B.the family was extremely large
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A.a scientist as well as a naturalist
B.a naturalist but not a scientist
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D.first of all a scientist
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A.has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic
B.lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist
C.just reads about other people’s observations and discoveries
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Hiring a selfdrive car really adds to the enjoyment of your holiday. There are so many places of interest to visit, and if you enjoy seeing more than just the city center there’s no better way to explore than by car.

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B.insurance against injury to the driver
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A.Such an advertisement most likely appears in a newspaper.
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D.American academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character.

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think cooking is especially complicated
do not share the same views with registered dietitians
are busy and not interested in cooking
D. are likely to eat healthfully
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A.it contains only a small percentage of real juice
B.it is natural, nutritious and prepared from real oranges
C.it is largely orangecolored sugar water
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A.an effort with no results
B.a search for a diet without fruits
C.a research on fruitless diet
D.a diet serving as medicine
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A.a balanced diet can result in being fat
B.staying thin and healthy are both possible
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D.vitamins are some kind of subsitutions for food
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A.carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to support a human life
B.vitamins and minerals are virtually of no valuew.
C.carbohydrates, protein and fat are as important as vitamins and minerals
D.without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no use

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