Usingtoomuchwaterorthrowingrub

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更新 2022-09-03
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Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger ,but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways .You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater . Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers .It come from underground . The more roads and parking lots we pave ,the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater .
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺). Driver climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall ,but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs .
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference ,too In the United States ,a family of four can use 1.5tons of water a day ! This shows how much we depend on water to live ,but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number .
You can take steps to save water in your home .To start with ,use the same glass for your drinking water all day .Wash it only once a day .Run your dishwasher (洗碗机)only when it is full .Help your parents fix any leaks in your home . You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away .
Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater ?

A．Using river water .

B．Throwing batteries away .

C．paving parking lots .

D．Throwing rubbish into lakes .

What can be inferred from the text ?

A．All water shortages are due to human behavior .

B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs .

C．There is much we can do to reduce family size .

D．The average family in America makes proper use of water .

The last paragraph is intended to .

A．show us how to fix leaks at home

B．tell us how to run a dishwasher

C．prove what drinking glass is best for us

D．suggest what we do to save water at home

The text is mainly about .

A．Why paving roads reduces our water

B．how much we depend on water to live

C．why droughts occur more in dry climates

D．how human activity affects our water supply

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第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
As a boy, Mark Twain caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play practical jokes on all his friends and neighbors. The nature of his jokes often led to violence. He hated to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home. He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi. He was fascinated by that mighty river. He liked to sit on the bank of the river for hours at a time just gaze at the mysterious islands and passing boats and rafts. He was nearly drowned nine different times. He learned many things about the river during those days. He learned all about its history and the unusual people who rode up and down it. He never forgot those scenes and those people. He later made them part of the history of America in his books Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn.
Mark Twain received his genius (天才) from his mother. Obviously he didn’t get it from his father. He after stated that he bad never seen a smile on his father’s face. On the other hand, his mother had the rare ability to say humorous things. The some ability made Mark Twain an extremely hum onus public speaker.
56．Because of the nature of his jokes when he was a child, Mark Twain would____.
A．ran away from school
B．cause his parents to quarrel with others
C．get into trouble with his friends and neighbors
D．like to sit no the bank of the Mississippi River
57．It can be learned from the text that____.
A．Mark Twain’s father was a cruel man
B．Mark Twain never attended school on time
C．Mark Twain often went boating in the nearby river
D．Mark Twain’s mother was something of a humorist
58．In his books Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain wrote much about____.
A．the Mississippi and the people riding on it
B．his friends and neighbors
C．his school life
D．his parents
59．It is implied that what affected Mark Twain’s character mostly was____.
A．his practical jokes B．his father’s seriousness
C．the history of the Mississippi D．his mother’s genius for humor

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E
UNICEF is appealing for more than one billion dollars in aid for women and children around the world．The United Nations Children's Fund has released its " Humanitarian Action Report" for two thousand ten． The report lists twenty -eight countries and territories with some of the world's most pressing crisis affecting women and children．
Haiti was considered to be in crisis long before the earthquake in January．The deputy executive director of UNICEF, Hilde Johnson, says the quake has only made the need for aid more immediate．But she says children all over the world have the right to the same assistance as children everywhere else．
The "Humanitarian Action Report" discusses several issues that UNICEF says increasingly threaten the basic rights of women and children．It says climate change has caused droughts and' food insecurity in many areas．High food prices and the global financial crisis of two thousand eight - two thousand nine have only added to poverty and malnutrition （营养不良）．And armed conflict continues to threaten the lives of millions．
Hilde Johnson says children are always the most affected by conflicts and disasters．They face an increased risk of abuse, including sexual violence and other serious rights violations （侵犯）．
UNICEF deals with about two hundred emergencies around the world every year．The greatest need last year was in sub - Saharan Africa．The report says drought, food insecurity and civil unrest affected about twenty - four million people．
Violence and displacements（驱逐）of people were especially bad in Sudan, Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Central African Republic．
In Asia, UNICEF expects its financial assistance needs to more than double this year．This is partly the result of adding Pakistan and the Philippines to the latest report．In Pakistan, it says, more than two million people have been forced from their homes by the conflict in the．Swat Valley and other areas of the northwest．And in the Philippines, more than two hundred thousand people are still living in shelters after severe storms last year．
This years UNICEF report talks about the value of public and private partnerships in helping children and families in emergencies．
And thats the VOA Special English Development Report, written by June Simms．For a link to the UNICEF report listing the twenty - eight countries and territories in crisis, go to unsv.com．I'm Steve Ember．
72．According to Hilde Johnson, the most easily affected persons suffering from conflicts and disasters are __________．
A．women B．children C．the old D．the disabled
73．From this passage we know that the most serious problems in Asia are __________．
A．earthquakes and malnutrition
B．displacements and storms
C．sexual violence and other rights violations
D．droughts and food insecurity
74．By saying "……the quake has only made the need for aid more immediate．" Hilde Johnson probably intends to convey the idea that "__________"．
A．everything must have a beginning
B．grass never grows when the wind blows
C．cloudy mornings turn to clear evening
D．it never rains but pours
75．Which of the following might serve as a suitable title for this passage?
A．Haiti was in crisis due to the earthquake in January,
B．Violence in the twenty -eight countries and territories
C．UNICEF Appeals for Aid for Women and Children
D．the value of public and private partnerships in helping

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D
I told my friend Graham that I often cycle the two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route．He replied, "You mean fortunately．" He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided．
My attitude to the hill has now changed．I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following; This hill will exercise my heart and lungs．It will help me to lose weight and get fit．It will mean that I live longer．This hill is my friend．Finally as I wend my way up the incline I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationery exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free．I have a smug smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill．
Problems are there to be faced and overcome． We cannot achieve anything with an easy life, Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a University degree． Her activism and writing proved inspirational．She wrote, " Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet．Only through experiences of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved．"
One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity．From time to time, we all face hardships, problems, accidents, and difficulties．Some are of our making but many confront us through no fault of our own．While we cannot choose the adversity we can choose our attitude towards it．
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident．He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying experts in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans．He was an inspiration to others during the war．He said, "Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that．That's nonsense．Make up your mind, you’11 never use crutches or a stick, then have a go at everything．Go to school, join in all the games you can．Go anywhere you want to．But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible．"
The biographies of great people are filled with examples of how they took kinds of steps to overcome the difficulties they faced．The common thread is that they did not become defeatist or depressed．They chose their attitude．They chose to be positive．They took on the challenge．They won．
68．The writer has a smug smile of satisfaction as he reaches the top of the hill because________．
A．he was actually killing two birds with a stone
B．compared with those silly people, he was smarter
C．he lost weight by cycling to the town center every day
D．he was informed of a short route from his house to the town
69．The writer quoted Helen Keller and her saying as an example to demonstrate_________．
A．one cannot achieve anything with an easy life
B．only disabled persons can experience hardship deeply
C．one' s success is determined by nothing but his/ her attitude
D．it' s rare for a deaf and blind person to gain a University degree．
70．From this passage we know that Douglas Bader was a person of___________．
A．individual and creative character        B．stubborn yet charming personality
C．great bravery and strong will           D．excellent speaker with great influence
71．In writing style, the last paragraph serves as____________
A．an explanation        B．a demonstration    C．an introduction D．a summarization

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C
In my profession as an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AIDS．The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life．They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages． Let me tell you about Tyler．
Tyler was born infected with HIV: his mother was also infected．From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications to enable him to survive．When he was five, he had a tube surgically inserted in a vein in his chest．This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back．Medications were hooked up to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream．At times, he also needed supplemented oxygen to support his breathing．
Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease．It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine - laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon．All of us who knew Tyler marveled at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him．Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast she needed to dress him in red．That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him．
This dreaded disease eventually wore down even the likes of a little dynamo like Tyler．He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV - infected mother．When it became apparent that he wasn’t going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death．She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven．
A few days before his death, Tyler beckoned me over to his hospital bed and whispered, " I might die soon．I’m not scared．When I die, please dress me in red．Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too．I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me．"
64．What is the boy Tyler's attitude towards death?
A．pessimistic．   B．optimistic．     C．sorrowful．     D．fearful．
65．Tyler requested the writer to dress him in red when he died simply because___________．
A．red is a lucky color              B．red might help to cure him
C．his mom could spot him easily     D．he could find more mates by wearing red
66．Which of the following might serve as a possible title for this passage?
A．My unusual profession． B．A caring mother．
C．Mother and son．           D．Dying in red．
67．The underlined word dynamo in the fourth paragraph here means      ________________．
A．a promising and helpful youth          B．an extremely energetic person
C．a rare and beautiful flower             D．a magic and understanding superstar

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B
For years I wanted a flower garden．I’d spend hours thinking of different things I could plant that would look nice together．
But then we had Matthew．And Marvin．And the twins, Alisa and Alan．And then Helen．Five children．I was too busy raising them to grow a garden．
Money was tight, as well as time．Often when my children were little, one of them would want something that cost too much, and I’d have to say, " Do you see a money tree outside? Money doesn’t grow on trees, you know．"
Finally, all five got through high school and college and were off on their own．I started thinking again about having a garden．
I wasn’t sure, though．I mean, gardens do cost money, and after all these years I was used to living on a pretty lean, no - frills budget．
Then, one spring morning, on Mother's Day, I was working in my kitchen．Suddenly, I realized that cars were tooting their horns as they drove by．I looked out of the window and there was a new tree, planted right in my yard．I thought it must be a weeping willow, because I saw things blowing around on all its branches．Then I put my glasses on—and I couldn’t believe what I saw．There was a money tree in my yard !
I went outside to look．It was true! There were dollar bills, one hundred of them, taped all over that tree．Think of all the garden flowers I could buy with one hundred dollars! There was also a note attached: "IOU eight hours of digging time．Love, Marvin．"
Marvin kept his promise, too．He dug up a nice ten - by - fifteen foot bed for me．And my other children bought me tools, ornaments, a trellis （棚架） , a sunflower stepping stone and gardening books．
That was three years ago．My garden’s now very pretty, just like I wanted．When I go out and weed or tend my flowers, I dont seem to miss my children as much as I once did．It feels like they’re right there with me．
I live up in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, where winters are long and cold, and summers are too short．But every year now, when winter sets in, I look out of my window and think of the flowers．I’ll see next spring in my little garden．I think about what my children did for me, and I get tears in my eyes—every time．
I’m still not sure that money grows on trees．But I know love does!
60．By saying "Do you see a money tree outside……, "the mother actually means "__________"．
A．Observation is the best teacher         B．Seeing is believing．
C．The outsider sees the most of the game D．It is not easy to gain money
61．The best title for the passage would probably be_______________ ．
A．My flower garden           B．Marvin helps to realize my dream
C．Love in Michigan           D．Money grows on trees
62．The underlined word "no-frills" in the fifth paragraph is similar in meaning to ____．
A．wasteful   B．tight C．absurd      D．helpful
63．From the last but the third paragraph we can infer that the mother is ________________．
A．divorced when she was young        B．not caring for her kids any longer
C．alone but not at all lonely                  D．prouder

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