Most people agree that it’s important to have a sense of humor. Having the ability to laugh can help one overcome anxiety, and make better decisions in difficult situations. People with a well-developed sense of humor appear to be happier, and some are healthier as well. This suggests that having a sense of humor is good for you. Humorless people may find themselves being treated as a fool, and become anxious and upset.
A sense of humor also plays an important role in human relationships. However, not everyone has a sense of humor. People with developmental disabilities (发展性能力丧失) can sometimes have no sense of humor, or have a very strange one.
A number of factors affect a person’s sense of humor, with the age probably being the main one. Young children are often highly amused by simple jokes or shows, while teenagers prefer to enjoy the ironic (讽刺的) events. Educational level, culture, and religious faith also affect one’s sense of humor. While Christians, for example, may have a deep appreciation of jokes about the Bible, others may find them disrespectful.
Many people believe that a sense of humor is something that develops on its own, and that you cannot teach someone to understand why jokes, certain comments, situations or events are funny. However, things can be done to enhance one’s sense of humor. Children, for example, benefit from being told jokes and encouraged to laugh, although some children’s jokes might seem rather strange to adults. If you have children, try to encourage them to tell jokes and think about what makes things funny. And it will help them develop a sense of humor.The purpose of the passage is to _______.
| A．explain what influences a person’s sense of humor |
| B．tell readers the importance of being healthy |
| C．explain how to make better decisions |
| D．tell readers how to understand jokes |
What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 “enhance” probably mean?
| A．Enjoy. | B．Reduce. | C．Improve. | D．Prevent. |
According to the passage, which of the following isn’t talked about in our passenger?
| A．Culture. | B．Age |
| C．Educational level. | D．Family backgrounds. |
The following card includes a brief summary and a short assessment of a research paper. It can provide a guide for further reading on the topic.
Trevor, C. O., Lansford, B. and Black, J. W., 2004, "Employee turnover (人事变更) and job performance: monitoring the influences of salary growth and promotion", Journal of Armchair Psychology, vol. 113, no.1, pp. 56-64.
In this article Trevor et al. review the influences of pay and job opportunities in respect of job performance, turnover rates and employees' job attitude. The authors use data gained through organizational surveys of blue-chip companies in Vancouver, Canada to try to identify the main cause of employee turnover and whether it is linked to salary growth. Their research focuses on assessing a range of pay structures such as pay for performance and organizational reward plans. The article is useful as Trevor et al. suggest that there are numerous reasons for employee turnover and a variety of differences in employees' job attitude and performance. The main limitation of the article is that the survey sample was restricted to mid-level management, thus the authors indicate that further, more extensive research needs to be undertaken to develop a more in-depth understanding of employee turnover and job performance. As this article was published in a professional journal, the findings can be considered reliable. It will be useful additional information for the research on pay structures.The research paper published is primarily concerned with_____
| A．the way of preventing employee turnover |
| B．methods of improving employee performance |
| C．factors affecting employee turnover and performance |
| D．pay structures based on employee performance |
As is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that ____ .
| A．the data analysis is hardly reliable |
| B．the research sample is not wide enough |
| C．the findings are of no practical value |
| D．the research method is out-of-date |
Who might be most interested in this piece of information?
| A．Job hunters. |
| B．Employees in blue-chip companies. |
| C．Mid-level managers. |
| D．Researchers on employee turnover. |
Young people can have problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates.
Li Wen，a junior 2 student from No.2 Middle School，could not understand his teacher and was doing badly in his lessons. He became so worried about it that he started to cut his finger with a knife.
Another student，16－year－old Yang Fang from No.1 Middle School，was afraid of exams. She got very worried in one，and when she looked at the exam paper，she couldn't think of anything to write.
A recent report from Jiefang Daily says about 18% of Shanghai teenagers have mental problems. Their troubles include being worried and very unhappy，and having problems in learning and getting on with people. Many students who have problems won't go for advice or help. Some think the y will look stupid if they go to see a doctor. Others don't want to talk about their secrets.
Liang Yuezhu，an expert on teenagers from Beijing Anding Hospital has the following advice for teenagers：
Talk to your parents or teachers often.
Take part in group activities and play sports.
Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell.The students who often become worried or have trouble getting on with others may have ________．
| A．no parents | B．a headache |
| C．knife with them | D．mental problems |
Li Wen cut his finger with a knife because ________．
| A．he was afraid of his teacher |
| B．he was so worried about his studies |
| C．he wanted to frighten his parents |
| D．his finger was badly hurt |
Yang Fang's problem happened when ________．
| A．she had exams |
| B．she studied very hard |
| C．she talked with her parents |
| D．she thought of something |
Students who have problems won't ask others for help because ________．
| A．they won't let others think they are stupid |
| B．they don't think doctors can help them |
| C．they don't want to talk about their secrets |
| D．both A and C |
Recovery from bulimia（贪食症）is difficult，but a beautiful journey！You'll come across many challenges—but once you've beaten them，the world will look much more beautiful. You can recover from this illness—I promise！Remember：If I recovered—you can too!
I began throwing up（呕吐）when I was just a kid. Back then I didn't know why I did that. But now I can see that it was the result of my seeking so called fashionable diets.
I was only 8 years old when my aunty phoned my mom saying that I'd thrown up my dinner.I told them it was just a party trick，and they ignored it. Their reaction made me realize that this “trick” of mine should be a secret. I would continue doing it，but would never let anyone know.
As I got older，this secret habit got more and more serious，and this carried on for years. During my first year of university，at the age of 20，I wasted over $20,000 on food from the school dining hall.
Finally，after having had bulimia for nearly 12 years，I decided enough was enough. I was close to death—I could feel it in every part of my body. I needed help，and I made an appointment with a counselor（顾问）of my university. One year later，I graduated from university. I was proud of myself for getting my degree. But there was a deeper pride and strength inside my mind. I had beaten bulimia. It had been a long and difficult road—but I'd done it.What might cause the writer's bulimia according to the text?
| A．Her improper diets. |
| B．Lack of her parents' love. |
| C．Lack of communication with others. |
| D．Her bad habit of throwing up. |
What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
| A．The author almost felt hopeless at that time. |
| B．The author only believed her university counselor. |
| C．The author's university counselor offered to help her. |
| D．The author's university counselor majored in bulimia. |
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A．The author's bulimia didn't grow worse as she grew older. |
| B．The author believed that nobody could beat bulimia completely. |
| C．The author's bulimia helped her save money when at university. |
| D．The author had beaten bulimia when she graduated from university. |
The passage is written for people ______.
| A．who also suffer from bulimia |
| B．who major in bulimia at university |
| C．who want to form a good habit of dieting |
| D．who are eager to get a degree at university |
On Tuesday，a new study published in the American Heart Association's journal Circulation：Heart Failure revealed that women who ate five or more dishes of baked fish a month had a thirty percent lower risk of heart failure in comparison to women who ate less than one dish a month.
Researchers examined the diets of 84,493 women，whose ages ranged from 50 to 79.The women who had eaten lots of baked fish like salmon（鲑鱼），were more healthy than those who mostly ate tuna（金枪鱼）or white fish. Eating baked fish also appeared to provide a protection against high blood pressure. The study also found that those women who ate more baked fish were likely to have a lower weight，exercise more and eat more fruits and vegetables in comparison to those who ate fried fish.
Researchers noted that past research had discovered the fatty acids（脂肪酸）in fish probably decreased the risk of high blood pressure by improving blood pressure along with heart and blood functioning. This study showed the link between eating fish and heart failure risk but it was not designed to show cause and effect.
This study also showed that just by eating one dish of fried fish a week led to a 49% greater risk of heart failure，and eating fried fish led to lower fiber（纤维）intake and higher calorie（卡路里）intake.
The American Heart Association suggested eating a minimum of two dishes of fish especially fatty fish each week.Compared to the women who ate fried fish those who ate more baked fish could ______.
| A．be more relaxed | B．be more healthy |
| C．eat more every day | D．raise blood pressure |
Which kind of fish is best for you according to the author?
| A．Baked tuna. | B．Baked salmon. |
| C．Boiled salmon. | D．Fried white fish. |
According to this passage，which one is correct?
| A．The fatty acids in fish can make one's heart bigger. |
| B．Eating fish probably helps you take in more calories |
| C．The fatty acids in fish can improve blood functioning. |
| D．The fatty acids in fish can raise blood pressure. |
If a person eats one dish of fried fish a week，he or she ______.
| A．will take in more fatty acids |
| B．is less likely to get heart failure |
| C．will like eating more vegetables |
| D．has a greater risk of heart failure |
Do we really know what dinosaurs looked like? Of course we do. We see them everywhere, not only in museums, but also in movies, magazines, and even in the toys we get from McDonald’s.
Since the days of early cinema, dinosaurs have captured our imaginations. They are often shown as scaly (有麟的) beasts with sharp horns (角) and crocodile-like bellies (肚子).
But the big screen dinosaurs are “a leap from what we know”, Mark Norell, who studies dinosaurs at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, told Discover magazine.
The reality of drawing dinosaurs for movie studios, magazines, or museums is that the artist often only has half of a skeleton to work with. Many existing and newly-discovered dinosaurs do not have a complete skeleton, which makes it difficult to tell what they looked like.
And even with a complete skeleton, there is a lot of room for interpretation. (诠释)
“Look at an elephant’s trunk (象鼻) and ears,” Jason Brougham, a dinosaur sculptor (雕塑师) at the American Museum of Natural History, told Discover magazine. “It’s impossible to guess those features by only looking at the skeleton.”
Researchers suggest that the dinosaurs of old could have had trunks like an elephant or even red necks like a turkey. They could have had colorful spots, stripes (条纹), and other interesting patterns on their bodies, just like snakes. Yet, with only a few fossilized (形成化石的) bones to study, it is impossible to know for sure.
Remember the cruel and quick-running velociraptors (速龙) in the US film Jurassic Park? Now experts believe that they were much smaller than in the movies, about the size of a large chicken, the BBC has reported.
Since the 1990s, some well-preserved dinosaur fossils have been found in China’s Liaoning province. Thanks to that, we have known for a while that one group of dinosaurs was covered in feathers. And thanks to the recent discovery of a feathered plant-eating species in Russia, many scientists now believe more dinosaurs than we previously thought had feathers, much like a chicken.
Also, in 2007, scientists confirmed that the closest living relative of T-Rex, the most feared and famous of all the dinosaurs, is a chicken.
Now, who are you calling “chicken”?What is the main message of the first four paragraphs?
| A．A description of what dinosaurs usually look like in artwork or on the big screen. |
| B．Why dinosaurs are so popular that we can see their images everywhere. |
| C．The images of dinosaurs that we see are created purely out of our imaginations. |
| D．Dinosaurs didn’t look exactly like what we see in artwork or on the big screen. |
Jason Brougham used the elephant as an example to show that ______.
| A．some dinosaurs actually looked a little like ancient elephants |
| B．drawing a dinosaur takes much longer than people think |
| C．it is hard to know certain features of dinosaurs just by studying their fossils and skeletons |
| D．a dinosaur sculptor’s main job is to find out about the dinosaurs’ missing features |
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
| A．Dinosaurs used to have red necks and thick feathers. |
| B．Most dinosaurs are much smaller than we previously thought. |
| C．The chicken has been proven to be the closest living relative to the dinosaur. |
| D．Fossils are still our main source of knowledge about dinosaurs. |
The author mainly makes his point by ______.
| A．making contrasts | B．giving examples |
| C．quoting（引用） numbers | D．describing movie scenes |
Why it is difficult to tell what dinosaurs looked like?
| A．Many existing and newly—discovered dinosaurs do not have a complete skeleton |
| B．Researchers can’t agree with each other |
| C．Dinosaurs in early films have captured our imaginations. |
| D．No well-preserved dinosaur fossils are found |
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