The Japanese have always loved fresh fish. But the waters close to Japan have not held many fish for decades. So fishing boats went farther than ever.but If the return trip took more than a few days, the fish were not fresh. The Japanese did not like the taste.
Then fishing companies equipped their boats with freezers. They would freeze them at sea. Freezers allowed the boats to go farther and stay longer. However, the Japanese could taste the difference between fresh and frozen and they did not like frozen fish.
So fishing boats were equipped with fish tanks. They would stuff fish in the tanks（水槽）,fin（ 鱼翅）to fin .After a little thrashing(颠簸) around, the fish stopped moving. They were tired and dull, but alive. Unfortunately, the Japanese could still taste the difference. The Japanese preferred the lively taste of fresh fish, not sluggish fish.
To keep the fish tasting fresh, the Japanese fishing companies still put the fish in the tanks. But now they add a small shark to each tank. The shark eats a few fish, but most of the fish arrive in a very lively state. The fish are challenged.
Have you realized that some of us are also living in a tank but most of the time tired & dull, so we need a Shark in our life to keep us awake and moving. If your challenges are the correct size, and if you are regularly defeating those challenges, you are Conqueror. You think of your challenges and get energized. You are excited to try new solutions. You are alive! Here is some advice for you :
1. Instead of avoiding challenges, jump into them and enjoy the game. If your challenges are too large or too numerous, do not give up. Instead, reorganize. Find more determination, more knowledge, more help.
2. God didn't promise days without pain, laughter(笑) without sorrow, sun without rain, but he did promise strength for the day, comfort for the tears and light for the way.
3. Disappointments are like road blocks, they slow you down a bit but you enjoy the smooth road afterwards. Don't stay on the bumps too long. Move on! Why did fishing companies equip their boats with freezers?
| A．to keep the fish taste fresh | B．to increase the price of the fish |
| C．to avoid challenges in the market | D．to keep the fish alive |
Which of the following is right?
| A．The Japanese don’t like sluggish fish, so the Japanese fishing companies won’t put the fish in the tanks |
| B．Since the waters close to Japan have not held many fish for decades, they have to go farther to catch fish. |
| C．Road blocks slow you down and stop you going on . |
| D．If your challenges are too large or too numerous, give it up first. |
The topic of the passage may be ___
| A．avoid challenges | B．keep your life active |
| C．ways to keep fish fresh | D．some advice for you |
“we need a Shark in our life to keep us awake and moving”means ____
| A．we need challenges of too large or too numerous to make us energized. |
| B．we have to accept being beaten by those challenges in life. |
| C．You are excited to try new solutions. |
| D．The society we live in is like the fish tank,we need some challenges to keep us energized. |
Rocky Lyons was five years old when his mother，Kelly，was driving along the country road with him.He was asleep on the front seat of their truck，with his feet resting on her lap.As his mom drove carefully down the winding country road，she turned onto a narrow bridge.The truck hit a rock and slid off the road.She attempted to bring it back up onto the road by pressing hard on the gas pedal(踏板) and turning the steering wheel(方向盘) to the left.But Rocky’s foot got caught between her leg and the steering wheel and she lost control of the truck.
The truck fell into a 20foot ravine(峡谷)．When it hit bottom，Rocky woke up.“What happened，Mama？” he asked.“Our wheels are pointing toward the sky.”
Kelly was seriously wounded and blinded by blood.“I’ll get you out，Mama，”announced Rocky，who had surprisingly escaped injury.He climbed out from under Kelly，slid through the open window and tried to yank his mother out.But she didn’t move.
“Just let me sleep，” begged Kelly，who was out of consciousness.Rocky insisted，“Mom，you can’t go to sleep.”
Rocky managed to push Kelly out of the truck and told her he’d climb up to the road and stop a car to get help.Fearing that no one would be able to see her little boy in the dark，Kelly refused to let him go alone.Instead they slowly moved up to the road.The pain was so great that Kelly wanted to give up，but Rocky wouldn’t let her.
Rocky kept repeating the inspirational phrase，“I know you can，I know you can.”When they finally reached the road，Rocky broke into tears seeing his mother’s torn face clearly for the first time.Waving his arms and shouting, “Please stop！” the boy stopped a truck.His mother was sent to hospital.
It took 8 hours to rebuild Kelly’s face.She looks quite different today—“I used to have a straight long nose，thin lips and high cheekbones；now I’ve got a flat cheeks and much bigger lips”—but she has few scars and has recovered from her injuries.
Rocky’s heroics were big news.Everyone was surprised at this little boy’s power.“It’s not like I wanted it to happen，” the boy explained.“I just did what anyone would have done.” “If it weren’t for Rocky，I’d have died，” said his mother.According to the text，Rocky and Kelly ________.
| A．were lost on a country road |
| B．were involved in a truck accident |
| C．had limited time to find their way |
| D．knew little of what happened to them |
When he woke up，Rocky ________.
| A．found the truck was turned over |
| B．found his mother had fallen asleep |
| C．was stuck against the door of the truck |
| D．was frightened by his mother’s blood |
The underlined word “yank” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”．
| A．pull | B．drive |
| C．follow | D．carry |
What is the best title for the text?
| A．A Boy and His Mother |
| B．How to Behave Well? |
| C．Nothing Is Lost |
| D．I Think You Can |
Plants may not have eyes and ears，but they can recognize their siblings (兄弟姐妹)，and researchers at the University of Delaware have discovered how.The ID system lies in the roots and the chemical signals they secrete (分泌)．
Canadian researchers published that sea rocket，a common seashore plant，can recognize its siblings.Susan Dudley observed that when siblings are grown next to each other in the soil，they “play nice” and don’t send out more roots to compete.However，the moment one of the plants is thrown in with strangers，it begins competing with them by rapidly growing more roots to take up the water and mineral nutrients in the soil.
After reading Dudley’s study，Bais decided to find the method behind the sibling recognition.Working in his laboratory，Bais and his doctoral student Meredith Biedrzycki set up a study with wild populations of Arabidopsis thaliana.In a series of experiments，young seedlings were exposed to liquid media containing the root secretions from siblings，from strangers，or only their own secretions.The length of the longest lateral (侧面的) root was measured.The exposure of plants to the root secretions of strangers induced (引诱) greater lateral root formation than exposure of plants to sibling secretions.Strangers planted next to each other are often shorter，because so much of their energy is directed at root growth.Because siblings aren’t competing against each other，their roots are often much shallower (浅的)．
Biedrzycki did the painstaking laboratory research，observing more than 3,000 plants involved in the study every day for seven continuous days and documenting the root patterns.“Arabidopsis roots are nearly translucent (半透明的) when they are young and were also twisted when I removed them from plates，”Biedrzycki notes.“This manuscript (手稿) is very important for my research since the focus of my thesis project is understanding the biochemical ways behind root secretions.”
The research also may have implications for the home gardener.“Often we’ll put plants in the ground next to each other and when they don’t do well，we blame the local garden center where we bought them or we attribute their failure to a germ，”Bais says.“But maybe there’s more to it than that.”Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
| A．A Great Biology Researcher |
| B．Plants Recognize Their Siblings |
| C．Plants’ Roots and Secretions |
| D．A Research on Plants |
What encouraged Bais to study the sibling recognition?
| A．Sea rocket. |
| B．Plants’ sensing system. |
| C．Biedrzycki’s thesis project. |
| D．Dudley’s study. |
What does the underlined word “painstaking” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
| A．Important. | B．Adventurous. |
| C．Careful. | D．Hardworking. |
What can we infer from the last paragraph?
| A．The local garden center should be blamed when plants can’t grow well. |
| B．The local garden center often sells low quality seeds to customers. |
| C．Plants in the home garden can’t grow well because of the germ and seeds. |
| D．Competing against strangers，plants in the home garden can’t grow well. |
Alomada Racraotion and Fork Deportment (ARFD)
(510)7477529
TEEN TRIP TO
THE LELAND HIGH SNOW PLAY
FOR Teens Currently in 6th to 12th Grades
LELAND HIGH SNOW PLAYClass #8389
Friday，December 9 (NonPublic School Holiday)
8∶00 a．m.to 7∶00 p．m.
Cost per person：$50 ($60 after January 22)—Includes：Lunch，Admission and Transportation
With a 4,000 sq.ft.day use lodge，the Leland High Snow Play has a huge supply of tubes to choose from，along with awesome tows(拖车) that will tow you up to the top of the hill！Our varied terrains(地形) have something for everyone，while the lodge provides a snack bar，video games，pool tables，five indoor restrooms，a warm fire，and a sun deck with plenty of tables and chairs over looking the play area outside.
Additional liability(责任) form required for the trip.
Be sure to bring warm clothing and prepare for the cold，but dress in layers in case it warms up.Wear dry boots，socks，and sunscreen.If possible，bring a mobile phone in case of emergency，as well as money for snacks and a light dinner；or bring your own food and drinks.Meet at The Underground (Veteran’s Building2203 Central Avenue)—don’t be late!
Do not bring electronic or fragile items during the trip.The ARFD is not responsible for your personal belongings or money.
Refunds are issued only if the ARFD cancels this trip due to weather conditions.
Click here to download the registration form and “Leland High Snow Play Liability Form”．
•Register in person，or mail the completed form to Leland High Snow Play，Inc.Send the liability form and payment to the ARFD Office,2226 Santa Clara Avenue，Alameda.
•Fax the registration and liability form accepted with VISA，(510)7477566.
•Online registrations available at www.arpdeplay.com. Make sure you bring your completed liability form on the trip.According to the text，the cost doesn’t include ________.
| A．lunch | B．drinks |
| C．admission | D．transportation |
The purpose of the text is to ________.
| A．introduce a famous tour agency |
| B．explain the details of a school activity |
| C．urge teenagers to climb a snowy mountain |
| D．advertise a trip to the Leland High Snow Play |
Teenagers who want to take part in the activity need to ________.
| A．wear some warm clothes |
| B．climb the hill themselves |
| C．pay for tows individually |
| D．wear hats to protect themselves from the sun |
From the text it can be inferred that ________.
| A．the activity is very dangerous |
| B．the weather there is changeable |
| C．the trip will involve outdoor activities only |
| D．12yearold children are not allowed to take the trip |
Nowadays，much of the profit of a business—sometimes the whole of its success—depends upon the use of the odds and ends.The odds and ends are various small things，which are left over when the main things are produced.But they possess a real value of their own.
If a business，big or small，looked down upon these odds and ends，it would mean a big difference in the amount of the benefit of the business.Take a meat factory for instance，there are countless odds and ends—bones and hair，which can be made into glue and rope to increase its profit greatly.
Then，if we are college students，what about our odds and ends—the odd moments？Take time for example.Every one of us has the exact same amount of it.Everyone’s success or failure depends on the use of their time.But everyone uses the time more or less in the same way.However，why many great men in science or art have made huge successes for themselves in the world？Because they have made best use of their odd moments.Thomas A．Edison，never allowed his odd moments to slip by.He thought，planned，and tried his inventions.He always worked twenty hours out of each twentyfour.His inventions made him famous all over the world，and provided valuable wealth for the human beings.
So，remember this axiom：busy people always find time for everything.However，people with great spare time find time for nothing.Is it very strange？Not at all！The question is how to gather up fragments of time and make full use of them.As many big businesses have found，the real profit is in using the odds and ends.We also must do in this way to make best use of our odd moments and manage to be successful in something we do.What are odds and ends?
| A．They are nothing useful. |
| B．They are very small，but valuable things. |
| C．They are the main things factories produce. |
| D．They are odd moments students refuse to gather up. |
Why should the odds and ends be made full use of?
| A．Because they often determine success or failure. |
| B．Because they can only be found by successful people. |
| C．Because they are various small things people don’t want. |
| D．Because they are useless things left over. |
The underlined word axiom in the last paragraph means________.
| A．a statement given by famous people |
| B．a statement accepted as true |
| C．a statement that can be argued |
| D．a statement accepted in scientific field |
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A．The profit of all companies depends on the odds and ends. |
| B．In some way，big meat companies can ignore some small things，such as bones. |
| C．College students only make full use of their spare time before exams. |
| D．Many successful men are good at using the odds and ends. |
Women had a significant part to play during World War Ⅱ，which was the time when women also made their own contributions.Some women’s great efforts and their names have been recorded in history.Here’s a look at some of the strong figures of women in World War Ⅱ.
Tatiana Nikolaevna Baramzina was born in Glazov of Russia on December 12,1919.In 1943，she was sent to the Central Women’s Sniper Training School and upon her graduation in April，she was further sent to the front.She managed to kill around 16 enemies in the first three months！Unfortunately，she was captured(俘虏) by the enemies and was killed on the fifth of July in 1944.Today，the street where she grew up has been renamed in her memory.
Anne Frank was a Germanborn Jewish girl who was wellknown for the publication of her diary that described all her experiences when the Germans occupied Holland in World War Ⅱ.Anne was born on June 12,1929 and she，along with her family，went into hiding in July 1942.Two years later，her family was captured and seven months from her arrest，Anne Frank died of illness in early March 1945.
Margaret Ringenberg was born on 17 June,1921，in Indiana of America.She began her career during World War Ⅱ when she became a ferry pilot for the Women Airforce Service Pilots.After that she turned a flight instructor in 1945.She even wrote her own book named Girls Can’t Be Pilots.She passed away on 28 July,2008，after flying for 40,000 hours in the air.
Hannah Szenes was born on 17th July,1921 and was trained to parachute(用降落伞空投) by the British army into Yugoslavia during World War Ⅱ.This task was given in order to save the Jews of Hungary.Her secret mission was not revealed even when she was tortured(折磨) following her arrest at the Hungarian border.Hannah Szenes had to brave immense tortures，yet she did not lose heart.She bravely battled it out and tried to sing to keep her spirits high！She also kept a record of events in her diary till 7th November,1944，when she was finally killed.
These names are just a few of the women who played a significant part in World War Ⅱ.Their stories go a long way in showing the kind of lifestyles they led and their struggles and sacrifices.What is mainly discussed in the text?
| A．Women were braver than men in World War Ⅱ. |
| B．Women and men made equal contributions in World War Ⅱ. |
| C．Women played a significant role in World War Ⅱ. |
| D．Women’s death rate was high in World War Ⅱ. |
Which of the four women heroes died the youngest?
| A．Tatiana Baramzina. |
| B．Anne Frank. |
| C．Margaret Ringenberg. |
| D．Hannah Szenes. |
Who were killed by the enemy in the war?
| A．Tatiana Baramzina and Anne Frank. |
| B．Hannah Szenes and Tatiana Baramzina. |
| C．Anne Frank and Margaret Ringenberg. |
| D．Margaret Ringenberg and Hannah Szenes. |
It can be learned from the text that ________.
| A．Tatiana Baramzina was once a flight instructor |
| B．Margaret Ringenberg was the best at writing about the war experiences |
| C．Anne Frank and her family were arrested by Germans in 1944 |
| D．Hannah Szenes was arrested by Germans because of her diary |
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