Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal(人与人之间的) relationships. One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions(缓和) stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support money aid, material resources, and needed services - that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.Interpersonal relationships are important because they can ________
| A．make people live more easily | B．smooth away daily problems |
| C．deal with life changes | D．cure types of illnesses |
The researches show that people's physical and mental health _______
| A．lies in the social medical care systems which support them |
| B．has much to do with the amount of support they get from others |
| C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles |
| D．is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes |
Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of ________
| A．instrumental support | B．informational support |
| C．social companionship | D．the strengthening of self-respect |
What is the subject discussed in the text?
| A．Effects of stressful condition. | B．Kinds of social support. |
| C．Ways to deal with stress. | D．Interpersonal relationships. |
PAINTER
Must have at least 3 years’ painting experience. Commercial and new construction work.
$ 10/hr. Immediate opening. Call 435-9201 with work history.
SECRETARY
Part-time position available in friendly, busy office. Good typing and general office skills.
Some weekends required. High pay. Various duties. Apply at East Side Management,
VETERINARIAN ASSISTANT（兽医助理）
Person needed for busy animal hospital. Some nights and weekends. Apply personally to Johnson-Marks Animal Hospital, 404 Snow Road, Syracuse, NY. 13224.
After 4 p. m. only please.
NURSES’ ASSISTANTS
Full-time and part-time positions available for modern nursing home. High pay. Call Mrs. Downes, R. N. at 534-7618.
COOK NEEDED
Immediately. Busy downtown restaurant. Must be good and dependable. Experience preferred. Weekends required. Call 324-9817.
SALESPERSON
Experienced. Must have some knowledge of men’s clothing industry. Available to work evenings and some Saturdays. Send resume（个人简历）to: Martin’s Apparel, 237 Rockledge St. Syracuse, NY. 13224.
TEACHER
Small private school needs English and math teachers. Must have BS degree and at least 4 years’ teaching experience. Send resume to: Wales Charter School 19 South 8th St. NY. 13214.
HOTEL
Needs part-time FRONT DESK CLERK. No experience necessary. Excellent people and phone skills a must. Some computer skills helpful. $13/hr. Call: Mr. Jones 357-2897. If you want to get a job as a maths teacher, send your resume to ______.
| A．237 Rockledge St. Syracuse, NY. 13224 |
| B．404 Snow Road, Syracuse, NY. 13224 |
| C．500 Park Drive, DeWitt, NY. 13214 |
| D．19 South 8th St. NY. 13214 |
If you dislike working on Sundays, being a ______ should be your best choice.
| A．cook | B．secretary | C．salesperson | D．veterinarian assistant |
If you want to get a job at ______, you must have office skills.
| A．Martin’s Apparel | B．East Side Management |
| C．Wales Charter School | D．Johnson-Marks Animal Hospital |
Not many years ago， a wealthy and rather strange old man named Johnson lived alone in a village in the south of England. He had made a lot of money in trading with foreign countries. When he was seventy-five， he gave ￡ 12，000 to the village school to buy land and equipment for a children‘s playground.
As a result of his kindness， many people came to visit him. Among them was a newspaperman. During their talk， Johnson remarked that he was seventy-five and expected to live to be a hundred. The newspaperman asked him how he managed to be healthy at seventy—five. Johnson had a sense of humor. He liked whisky and drank some each day. “I have an injection （注射） in my neck each evening.” he told the newspaperman， thinking of his evening glass of whisky.
The newspaperman did not understand what Johnson meant. In his newspaper he reported that Johnson was seventy-five and had a daily injection in his neck. Within a week Johnson received thousands of letters from all over Britain， asking him for the secret of his daily injection.Johnson became a rich man through _________.
| A．doing business. |
| B．making whisky. |
| C．cheating. |
| D．buying and selling land. |
Many people wrote to Johnson to find out __________.
| A．what kind of whisky he had. |
| B．how to live longer. |
| C．how to become wealthy. |
| D．in which part of the neck to have an injection. |
When Johnson said he had an injection in his neck each evening，he really meant that ______.
| A．he liked drinking a glass of whisky in the evening. |
| B．he needed an injection in the neck. |
| C．a daily injection in the evening would make him sleep well. |
| D．there was something wrong with his neck. |
Scientists from the Max Plank Institute for Biological Cybernetics in Tubingen, Germany, have presented the first experimental evidence that people do end up walking in circles if lost in unfamiliar areas．The study, published in the journal Current Biology, examined the tracks of people who walked for several hours in the Sahara desert in Tunisia and in the Bienwald forest in Germany．Researchers Jan Souman and Marc Ernst said the scientists used the global positioning system （GPS） to record these paths．The results showed that the walkers were only able to keep a straight line when the sun or moon was visible．As soon as the sun disappeared behind some clouds, people started to walk in circles without even noticing it．
Souman said one explanation offered in the past for people walking in circles was that most people have one leg longer or stronger than the other, which would produce a systematic bias（偏差） in one direction．To test this．the researchers asked people to walk straight while blindfolded which removed the effects of vision．They found that these circles were rarely in a systematic direction, with the same person sometimes switching to the left and sometimes to the right．
"Most of the participants in the study walked in circles, sometimes in extremely small ones．Walking in circles is therefore not caused by differences in leg length or strength, but more likely the result of increasing uncertainty about where straight ahead is," said Souman, "Small random errors （随机性误差） in the various sensory signals that provide information about walking direction add up over time, making what a person perceives to be straight ahead drift away from the true straight ahead direction．"The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refers to _____．
| A．the effects of vision | B．a systematic bias |
| C．the leg length differences | D．one explanation offered in the past |
What is the probable reason for people's walking in circles?
| A．The invisible sun or moon． |
| B．The increasing uncertainty about directions． |
| C．Differences in leg length or strength． |
| D．Wrong signals providing information about areas． |
Why are the subjects required to be blindfolded?
| A．To encourage them to walk straight． | B．To stop them from seeing each other． |
| C．To dismiss the effects of vision． | D．To keep the test a top secret． |
Which of the following statements is true?
| A．People walk straight in the day． |
| B．The farther people walk, the greater the direction bias grows． |
| C．People walk only in large circles． |
| D．Researchers use the global positioning system to record their tracks． |
The findings of a new survey have American professors talking about the good old days—when A's were a lot tougher to earn．
Sites like Rate My Professors．com make it easy for students to find a class taught by a professor who is known as an "easy grader"．A recent survey by Kaplan Test Prep found that 46 percent of the more than 1,200 students polled admitted to using the site for just such a purpose．
"Our research shows that many of today's college students are looking at multiple factors when picking out courses: overall teacher quality that will result in a good learning experience, but also instructors who don't like to award a lot of C's and D's," said Jeff Olson, vice president of research at Kaplan Test Prep．
"While it makes sense that students would choose kinder graders, it also helps explain the recent popularity of grade inflation（膨胀）．"
Grade inflation is seen by many professors as poisoning the learning environment．Some, like former Duke University professor Stuart Rojstaczer, are righting it head-on．
On his website, Gradelnflation．com, he releases an annual list of schools where grade inflation is the worst．
This year, he decided to name the schools where grades were inflated the least．He praised, for example, Princeton University, as well as Purdue University, where the average GPA has remained around 2．8 for over 30 years．
"Purdue doesn't even seem to know that grade inflation exists in the US," Rojstaczer says．"Ignorance is bliss（极大的幸福）．"Grade inflation is spreading because _____．
| A．it's poisoning the learning environment |
| B．instructors intend to improve their overall teaching quality |
| C．many instructors adapt to the students' expectations |
| D．students get easy access to sites like RateMyProfessors．com |
The passage suggests that _____．
| A．universities will employ hard graders |
| B．if we want to be happy, we should be ignorant |
| C．A's are becoming easy to earn at most US universities |
| D．professors and instructors should give students higher grades |
The writer tends to _____．
| A．favor easy graders | B．see grade inflation as unavoidable |
| C．oppose Kaplan Test Prep | D．miss the days when A's were hard to earn |
I am sure that everybody in his／her life has used computers．Nowadays you can feel their presence everywhere—at home，at school，at work and they certainly make life easier．On the other hand，there are people who can work without them．
Anyway, I believe their presence is a good thing．Life with them seems less difficult and more comfortable．You can use them to choose your meal，to withdraw your money，and also to save your time，because these operations are all controlled by computers．Therefore，you can hardly imagine the modern world without them；the whole planet seems to be one big computer society．
Nevertheless，problems can often appear in this area，too．To have a computer means you have to be quite rich and have the necessary skills to use it．However, think about questions like，“Are computers available for everyone, for rich and poor people，for people from villages and people from cities? Aren’t they too expensive? Is everyone able to learn how to use them and does everyone have the chance to access and work with them? How could everything in the future be dependent on them?” Therefore，I think our society will be divided into two parts．One part will work with them and enjoy the benefits that computers can bring and the other part will be pushed out of society and will actually be left far behind the other group．
Another question that bothers me is，computers are important and they’re good things in our life, but they aren’t everything. They are good as a help at school, quite often as entertainment, especially for young people, as an necessary tool to help in research etc. , but I think we shouldn’t be so dependent on them, because computers are only machines and machines can’t feel anything, can’t be human and sympathetic, and every action performed by computer can be interfered(干涉) with could cause these machines to crash or work badly.
In conclusion, I would like to say I am not against computers. I use computers too, but people should be wary all the time.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
①="Paragraph " ②="Paragraph2 " ③="Paragraph" 3 ④Paragraph4 ⑤=Paragraph5By saying“wary”(in the last paragraph)，the author is trying to say,“People should ”.
| A．be strongly for the use of computers because of its convenience |
| B．be careful with computers that will also cause problems |
| C．master more necessary computer skills |
| D．not do something that causes computers to work badly |
In the third paragraph，the author presents his idea by ．
| A．asking questions for people to think about |
| B．giving examples to support his argument |
| C．raising questions and answering them |
| D．expressing his opinion directly |
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ．
| A．encourage us to use computers in our society |
| B．advise us to say no to computers from now on |
| C．remind us to care about the problems that computers bring |
| D．inform us that computers has become a necessary part of our life |
粤公网安备 44130202000953号