In some science fiction movies, evil robots refuse to die, no matter how hard people fight back.
Now science fiction has become science fact. For the first time, scientists have made a robot that can take a beating(挨打) and keep on going. Scientists from Cornell University made the robot, which looks like a spider with four legs.
Until now, even the most advanced(先进的) robot was almost certain to break down when it was damaged(毁坏). That is because its computer inside simply doesn’t know how to make the machine work after its shape has changed.
To deal with this problem, the scientists put eight motors(发动机) and two sensors(传感器) that read how the machine is working. They all give signals to the machine’s software. Using this information, the computer can then figure out the machine’s shape at any moment.
The new technology is a big advance in robot-making, scientists say, and it’s far from scary. It may someday help scientists create better artificial(假的) arms and legs and give new freedom to people who lose them. It might also help scientists understand how people and animals figure out their own sense of place in space.
“It has been difficult to design robots that can work well when the environment changes or when it’s damaged,” says Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in US. “With this work, we are nearer to solving this problem.”Why do robots easily break down when they are damaged?
| A．They cannot repair themselves. |
| B．The computer has changed a lot. |
| C．They have no computers inside. |
| D．The computer cannot work if the robot changes |
The new technology allows the robot to .
| A．do housework for humans |
| B．keep working after being damaged |
| C．remember a lot of information |
| D．tell people where it is |
The underline word “them” in Paragraph 5 refers to .
| A．sensors | B．robots | C．arms and legs | D．scientists |
How do the sensors in the robot work?
| A．They can replace the computer when it’s broken. |
| B．They can find out where the damage comes from. |
| C．They help the computer learn the robot’s condition. |
| D．They can send signals to the person who uses the robot. |
How could we live without the Internet ? That's how most of us keep in touch with friends, find homework support, research a cool place to visit, or find out the latest news. You can use it to do research for school, find out what movie is on near you, check out a college you're thinking about, or find a job or volunteer opportunity. Almost anything you can think of has a website about it .
You've probably heard stories about people who get into trouble in chat rooms. Because users can easily keep anonymous , you may be cheated in the chat room. Everyone in the chat room looks like wearing a mask(面具). Chat rooms often attract people who are interested in more than just chatting. They will sometimes ask visitors for information about themselves. The information might be about their families, or where they live. It shouldn't be given away.
Usually, the people who request personal information like home addresses, phone numbers, and email addresses use the information to do some illegal (违法的) things. This might harm a person's or family's well-being.
Of course, the Internet is home to millions of places you can and should visit. However, remember to protect yourself while online.The first paragraph is mainly about _________of the Internet.
| A．the advantage | B．the safety |
| C．The interest | D．the trouble |
Which can't the Internet do for you according to the passage?
| A．Find out the latest news. |
| B．Research a cool place to visit. |
| C．Do homework |
| D．Get information of your school |
The underlined words "keep anonymous" mean "______" in the passage.
| A．keep its name different |
| B．keep its name unknown |
| C．keep its story interesting |
| D．keep its name known |
The Internet is an unsafe place because_____.
| A．There are many illegal things |
| B．Your personal information may be given away. |
| C．The computers may be harmed |
| D．Your e-mail address might be changed |
What can we learn from the passage?
| A．Internet users should wear a mask. |
| B．The Internet makes it difficult to use the computer. |
| C．We'd better not give away the personal information on the Internet. |
| D．It's difficult to get cheated on the Internet. |
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)(疾病控制预防中心)，if you don’t often wash your hands, you can pick up viruses(病菌) from many places and make yourself ill. You’re at risk every time you touch your eyes, nose or mouth. In fact, one of the most common ways people catch colds is by rubbing their noses or their eyes when there are cold viruses on their hands. If you don’t often wash your hands, especially when you’re sick, you may spread the viruses directly to others, You should wash your hands in the following situations:
After using the bathroom.
After blowing your nose or coughing.
Before eating, serving or preparing food.
After toughing pets or other animals.
After visiting anyone who is sick.
When your hands are dirty.
There’s right way to wash your hands. Follow these simple steps to keep your hands clean.
Use warm water(not cold or hot).
Wash for 15 seconds.
Rinse(冲洗)well under warm running water and dry them with a clean towel.
Information Card
| Way to protest against(防止) the spread of illness |
|
| Correct way to wash your hands |
Use running water which is |
| Situations in which you must wash your hands |
After using the Before having ,serving or preparing food. After visiting |
| Time needed to wash your hands |
What will the home of the future look like?A team of architects(建筑师) in HongKong say that city homes will be tiny(极小的),as populations continue to grow and space becomes more expensive.
They have designed 'space flats'.They are just 30 square meters in size.These flats have three small rooms:a living room,a bathroom and a bedroom,as well as a balcony.But everything is carefully planned to make good use of the limited(有限的) space.
The living room is the main room of the flat.It can be used as an office,a kitchen or even a second bedroom.There is a sofa that can be changed into a bed.The dining table can be changed into a computer desk.And if not needed,both the sofa-bed and the table can be folded(折叠) away and stored into a small space in the wall.There is a flat-screen TV,which can also serve as a computer monitor.In one corner of the room,a small cooker,a microwave oven and a miniature refrigerator are hidden out of sight.
The other rooms are small but practical(实用的).The bathroom contains a toilet and a shower.The double bed in the bedroom can also be a sofa,if necessary.The balcony has enough room for two people to sit and enjoy the view from the block of flats.All the rooms have high ceiling to provide as much storage(贮藏) space as possible,while the flat has large windows to let in plenty of sunlight.
'Space flat' are now being tested in a building in HongKong.'It's wonderful,' said one resident(居民).'The flat is so well designed that you feel that there is plenty to space.How many rooms does a space flat have?
Where can they sit to enjoy the view?
Which two pieces of office equipment are in the flat?
Why does the resident like the flat?
What do you think of the space flat in Hongkong?
I was in a strange city, besides I could not speak a word of the language. After having spent my first day in the town center, I decided to lose my way on my second day, since I believed that this was the surest way of getting to know the strange city.
I rode on a bus for several stops, then got off it and walked on. The first two hours passed pleasantly enough. Then I decided to turn back to my hotel for lunch. I wanted to ask the way. But the trouble was that the only word I knew of the language was the name of the street my hotel was in.I stopped to ask a newspaper-seller. He smiled and handed me a paper. I shook my head and repeated the name of the street and he put the paper into my hands. I had to give him some money and went on my way. The next person I asked was a policeman. The policeman listened to me carefully. There was a strange look in his eyes as he pointed left and right and left again. I nodded politely and began walking in the direction he pointed. About an hour passed and I noticed that the houses were getting fewer and fewer and green fields were seen on either side of me. I knew the only thing left for me to do was to find the nearest railway station.The writer believed that if you wanted to get to know a strange city, ____.
| A．You should go everywhere on foot. |
| B．You should have a map |
| C．You should ask people the way |
| D．You should get lost |
The newspaper-seller ________________________.
| A．could understand what he said |
| B．didn’t know what he said |
| C．laughed at him |
| D．didn’t want to take the money |
The writer’s real trouble was that _______________
| A．he couldn’t speak the language |
| B．he followed the policeman’ direction |
| C．he took the wrong bus |
| D．he left the town-centre |
The policeman ______________________.
| A．didn’t help him |
| B．pointed at him |
| C．didn’t understand what he really meant |
| D．didn’t know the way |
Towards the end of the story, the writer _____________.
| A．got closer to his hotel |
| B．found that he was much farther away from the hotel |
| C．got to the hotel with the help of the policeman |
| D．found the hotel in the direction the policeman pointed |
Today’s women
People like to say: “The hand that rocks (摇动) the cradle (摇篮) rules the world.”Or they say: “Behind every successful man, there is a woman.”Now some women still like making their husbands and sons successful. But some women want more for themselves. They went to be successful as men.Today the best jobs are still given to men. Even when women do the same work, they are often paid less than men. Some women want these things changed. They want to stand beside the men, with the same chances for success.Now many American women are earning money outside their homes. More than half of the women at the age of eighteen to sixty-five have good jobs. In general, working women have more education than those who stay at home.Among women with jobs, eight out of ten drive a car to work, and most of them often spend their holidays away from home. They like traveling by air. Women’s work had made several changes in women’s lives- and in men’s lives, too.But things are quite different from those in the Middle East countries.In the Middle East countries, women have to stay at home. Their duty is to look after their families and do all the housework. They can’t find work outside. When they go out in public, they cover their faces with something and walk behind their husbands.For the past few years the women’s life has been changing in those countries. Many women want to play an active role in the society (社会). Though working gives them few chances of getting married, many men still want to marry them in the old ways.More and more women want to get jobs because______________.
| A．hey don’t want to stand behind their husbands in the street |
| B．they think they are more important than men |
| C．they think they are as important as men |
| D．housework troubles them too much |
Some women are still badly paid___________.
| A．because women want more money |
| B．because of the old ways of thinking |
| C．because women can’t do as well as men do |
| D．but we don’t know why |
If women have got higher education __________ .
| A．they can get better jobs easier |
| B．they don’t have to do any housework |
| C．hey can travel by plane |
| D．they can be paid better than men |
Working gives women ____________ .
| A．the chance to receive more education than men |
| B．chances to play an important role in the society |
| C．more pay than men |
| D．fewer chances of doing the housework |
From this passage we know ___________ .
| A．women have the same rights as men today |
| B．women don’t want to work outside their homes |
| C．more and more women want to play an active role in their countries |
| D．in the Middle East countries all the women stay at home |
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