阅读短文，根据所读内容在短文后图表中的空格里填入一个恰当的单词
Trees should be pruned(修剪)when it is necessary. A good gardener will cut away the overgrown and unwanted branches(树枝). They can make the trees more beautiful and healthier. But sometimes we’d better leave the trees to grow in their own way. Because the inexperienced gardeners will damage(毁坏) the trees.
First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees in good shape or size. Maybe people want to get a tree of the right height and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches. Then people can make the tree’s appearance thick or give it a special shape.
Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead branches. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up (封闭)the center and so stopping the free movement of air.
One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy chance for disease, but the wound will heal(愈合). Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is in danger. Every gardener should try to reduce that danger of death as soon as possible. It is important to make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, because healing will be slowed down by roughness(粗糙). You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then pain it with one of the special materials. Pruning is usually done in winter, because you can see the shape of the tree clearly and also it is very unlikely(未必的) that the cuts you make will bleed. If this happens, it is impossible to paint them properly(合适地).
| Pruning trees |
|
| A good gardener prunes a tree when it is 【小题1】 |
|
| 【小题2】 for pruning trees |
First, make the trees in 【小题3】 shape or size. |
| Second, make the trees 【小题4】 |
|
| One 【小题5】 of pruning trees. |
An open wound 【小题6】 easy 【小题7】 for disease. |
| Reduce the danger of the tree’s death |
Make the wound 【小题8】 and clean. |
| The 【小题9】 of the death of a tree |
Paint the wound 【小题10】 it dries. |
We are in a world full of competition. Our parents compete (竞争) with others in their offices, our brothers and sisters compete with others
in their colleges, and we compete with our classmates in school. Many of us give up in the face of competition and will never be successful. ①can’t, others, why, we, do, better, than One important reason is that we have no self-confidence (自信).
In fact, everyone is born equal. You can do what others do. Although your classmates may be better than you in some ways,
you may be better than them in other subjects. So everyone has his or her own advantages. Don’t look at things from a single (单个的) point of view. Try to discover your own advantages, and believe that you can do better than others in those ways.
Competition is not so terrible. Don’t be afraid of it. And don’t be afraid of those classmates who are better than you. ②Remember that self-confidence is the first step to success. Believe in yourselves, and you will be successful one day.
任务一: Are we li
ving in a world full of competition?
任务二: How can you improve your self-confidence according to the passage?
任务三: 将①处画线部分单词连成一个完整的特殊疑问句。
任务四: 将②处画线部分译成中文。
任务五: What’s the main idea of this passage?
Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The next building only was a few feet away from mine. They was a woman lived there, and I had never met her, yet I could see she sat by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.
After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself. “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.”
One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside.
Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a
rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible (看见). Her window was clean!
Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing (批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.
That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings?
Since then, whenever I wanted to judge (评判) someone, I asked myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly. The writer couldn’t see everything clearly through the window because __________.
| A．the woman’s window was dirty | B．the writer’s window was dirty |
| C．the woman lived nearby | D．the writer was near-sighted |
The writer was surprised that _________.
| A．the woman was sitting by her window | B．the woman’s window was still terrible |
| C．the woman did cleaning in the afternoon | D．the woman’s window was clean |
“It dawned on me” probably means “_______”.
| A．I began to understand it | B．it cheered me up |
| C．I knew it grew light | D．it began to get dark |
It’s clear that ________.
| A．the writer had never met the woman before | B．the writer often washed the window |
| C．they both worked as cleaners | D．they lived in a small town |
From the passage, we can learn _______.
| A．one shouldn’t criticize others very often |
| B．one should often make his windows clean |
| C．one must judge himself before he judges others |
| D．one must look at others through his dirty windows. |
People know the danger of fires. It’s good for a family to learn how to prepare for a fi
re. Here are some suggestions:
Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. The alarm makes a loud sound. The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once.
Make escape (逃脱) plans. They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily.
Buy fire extinguishers (灭火器) in the house. Everyone in the family should know how to use them.
Practice for a fire. They do fire practice because they teach children about fire safety. Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules:
＊Don’t open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.
＊Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire; the best air is near the floor because smoke rises.
＊What will you do if you hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don’t run! The fire burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. They roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put a blanket (毯子) around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you.
There are many possible causes for firs. A wise family is ready all the time. If there is a fire, don’t forget to call 119 for help. What does it mean when a smoke alarm rings at home?
| A．You have to get up. | B．Water is running to the floor. |
| C．Something is burning. | D．Someone breaks your window. |
The writer advices people to do the following to prepare for a fire except that _______.
| A．they practice for a fire | B．they make escape plans |
| C．they buy fire extinguishers | D．they use electrical cookers |
When a fire happens, _______ if you open the hot door.
| A．the fire will grow more quickly | B．the electricity will be cut off |
| C．the door will soon be on fire | D．the house will fall down |
What are the right steps you should take when your hair or clothes catch fire?
| A．Stop, run, roll. | B．Stop, drop, roll. |
| C．Run, drop, roll. | D．Roll, drop, stop |
What is the best title for this passage?
| A．The Dangers of a Fire. | B．The Cause of a Fire. |
| C．Learn to Use a Fire Extinguisher. | D．Be Ready for a Fire. |
Traveling by train is usually not easy in China. It can be hard to get a ticket. When you’re traveling to the railway station you look at your watch, afraid you will miss your train.
But there is good news for people traveling between Beijing and Shanghai. Construction (建设) on the express railway (高速铁路) between the two cities started just before the Spring Festival of 2008. When it is finished by 2013, taking a train will be as easy as taking a bus.
“There will be trains every several minutes. Buying a ticket, getting through the checkpoint (检查站) and taking your seat, will take just 10 minutes,” said an engineer.
There may be high-speed trains running at 350 kilometers an hour. The travel time between the two cities will decease from 10 to about 5 hours. The trains will carry twice the present number of passengers.
The new line will be 1,318 kilometers long and go across specially built bridges. It will run along side the present line. There will be 21 stations in Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu.
“The cost of traveling by the express railway may be around 800 yuan. That will be more expensive than an ordinary train, but cheaper than by air.” Said Zhang Xiaoling, a Jiangsu government official.
According to Zhang, the higher price is caused by the large cost of the railway project. At about 200 billion yuan, the project may be even more expensive than the Three Gorges Project (三峡工程).The express railway between Beijing and Shanghai will be finished _______.
| A．at the end of this year | B．before the Spring Festival of 2008 |
| C．after 2013 | D．in about 5 years |
Before taking your seat, you should _____ with your ticket.
| A．buy a ticket | B．get through the checkpoint |
| C．pack your things | D．make some friends |
The word “decrease” in the passage possibly means ______ in Chinese.
A. 延长 B. 缩短 D. 提速 D. 限速Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Traveling by train is usually difficult in China because tickets are too expensive.
B. The high-speed trains will have 21 stations in Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Hunan and Jiangsu.
C
. Tickets for the high-speed trains will be cheaper than those for planes.
D. The cost of the e
xpress railway project is as high as that of the Three Gorges Project. What
can be the best title of the passage?
| A．An enormous project. | B．Train tickets will get more expensive |
| C．Specially built bridges | D．Beijing—Shanghai express railway |
Greg Woodburn, a university student, spends a lot of time cleaning sports shoes. Some of them once belonged to him; some belonged to his friends. But soon the shoes will have new owners, poor children in the USA and 20 other countries, thanks to Greg’s Share Our Soles(鞋底) (S.O.S) charity.
Greg was a high school running star in a small town in California. He had to stop running for months because his knee was injured. “I started thinking about all the things I got from running, the health, the friendships and the confidence.” he says. And I realized there are children who don’t even have shoes.
Greg collected his own sports shoes and then called his friends and the town. His aim was to have 100 pairs by Christmas 2006. When the number climbed to more than 500 pairs. Greg know that he could collect sports shoes all year round.
Now he has set up collection boxes in his town. So far, S.O.S has collected and donated more than 3,000 pairs of shoes. And Greg has cleaned almost all of them. “People think of it as duty work,” he says, “but I like doing it, because I feel happy when I’m doing it. It’s not work I want to pass on to someone else.”
In just three years, Greg has started three branches(分部) of S.O.S and there are more and more sports shoes.
For many poor children who have received the shoes mean opportunity. Two young boys in southern California used to go to school on alternate days(隔日) because they both shared a pair of shoes. They were too big for one boy and too small for the other. Thanks to S.O.S, each brother received his own pair of shoes. The boys now go to school every day. When they graduate, they say they will help others, just as Greg helped them.Who will Greg donate these sports shoes to?
_____________________________________________From running Greg got health, friendships and confidence, and what did he realize?
_____________________________________________How many pairs of shoes has S.O.S collected and donated so far?
_____________________________________________Why does Greg like to clean the donated shoes?
__________________________________________________What did the two boys in southern California learn from Greg?
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