Before going outside in the morning, many of us check a window thermometer(温度计)for the temperature. This helps us decide what to wear. We want our food to be a certain coldness in the refrigerator. We want it a certain hotness in the oven. If we don’t feel well, we use a thermometer to see if we have a fever. We keep our rooms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain coolness in the summer.
Not all the thermometers use the same system to measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But most other countries use the Centigrade scale.
Both systems use the freezing and boiling points of water as their guide.
The most common kind of thermometer is made with mercury(水银)inside a clear glass tube. As mercury (or any other liquid) becomes hot, it expands. As it gets colder, it contracts. That is why on hot days the mercury line is high in the glass tube.
First. Take a clear glass juice bottle that has a cap; fill the bottle with coloured water. Tap a hole in the center of the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap on the jar. Then stick a plastic straw(吸管) through the nail hole.
Finally. Place a white card on the outside of the bottle and behind the straw. Now you can see the water level easily.
As the temperature goes down, the water will contract, and the level in the straw will come down. Perhaps you will want to keep a record of the water level in the straw each morning for a week.
| A．Thermometers measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are heated or cooled. |
| B．We use and depend on thermometers to measure the temperature of many other things in our daily lives. |
| C．Take wax (you may use an old candle if you have one) and melt some of it right where the straw is struck into the cap to seal (把……粘住) them together. |
| D．The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature of the air goes up, the water will expand and rise even higher. |
E．They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees.
F．Now that you know this rule you can make a thermometer of your own that will work.
G．People use thermometers which are made by themselves when travelling around the world.
首先请阅读“澳大利亚环保网站”页面的基本信息：
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Climate change to make downpours more violent: expert NICKY PHILLIPS 2:55pm If you’re sick of the heavy rain, you’d better get used to it. The downpours and flash flooding Sydney experienced over the past few days are going to become more frequent, the expert says. |
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Food security, economy to be hit by climate change, leaked IPCC report PETER HANNAM Global warming will displace millions of people, cause crop output falling, and cost a loss of billions of dollars in economic output, a United Nation’s report warns. |
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IPCC warns climate will worsen, harming Australia’s economy TOM Australia’s billion-dollar mining, farming and tourism all face threats as worsening global warming causes more dangerous and extreme weather, the world’s leading climate science warns. |
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Australia’s record hot year much more likely because of global warming PETER HANNAM Global warming caused by humans vastly increased the possibilities of Australia’s record hot year in 2013, according to the Status of the Global Climate report. |
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Geo-engineering no solution to dangerous climate change, study finds PETER HANNAM Greening deserts in Australia and North Africa with millions of trees would have an influence on climate change, with possibly big side-effects, new international research finds. |
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Seven million people died as a result of air pollution in 2013, the World Health Organization says. PETER HANNAM 1:26 pmIts findings suggest a link between air pollution and heart diseases, lung problems and cancers. |
请阅读以下新闻信息，然后匹配与上面新闻相关的报道内容。The study by scientists at Germany’s Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel examined five possible methods of climate engineering as a means of heading off the worst influences of global warming, along with widespread tree plantings of the deserts, and the study examined three methods involving the ocean.
The report, to be given later this month by the IPCC and obtained by The Independent in Britain, says that food security will increasingly be threatened, with crop output to drop by as much as 2 percent per decade for the rest of the century. Demand, though, is on course to rise 14 per cent per decade until the year of 2050.
One in eight global deaths were linked with air pollution, making it “the world’s largest single environmental health risk”, the WHO said. Nearly six million of the deaths had been in South East Asia and the WHO’s Western Pacific area, about 3.3 million died as a result of indoor air pollution and 2.6 million outdoors, it found.
As the atmosphere heats up because of climate change, more rain in Sydney will most likely cause disaster with traffic and public transport and may increase the number of people injured or killed in flash floods, such as the man who drowned after being swept in to a storm water drain at Lucas Heights on Monday, said Nicky Phillips.
A five-year assessment by IPCC details the global influence because of the climate change, including the displacement of hundreds of millions of people, reduced crop output and increased the loss of millions of dollars of the economy, which harms Australia’s economy in many industries very seriously.
任务型阅读 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列材料，从所给的六个选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A.Smile more often.
B.Be a good listener.
C.Show that you consider them important.
D.Remember and use people’s names.
E.Talk to people in terms of their interests.
F.Give others chances to talk about themselves.
G.Some ways to make people like you_____________
Studies show that the word that people say more than any other word is “I”. People love to talk about themselves, their lives, their hobbies, their families, their passions, etc. when you become interested in people, ask them questions and allow them to talk. They will like you for that.______________
We’ve all been in situations where you recognize a person but can’t remember his/ her name. it’s awkward, uncomfortable and sometimes embarrassing. If you want to make people like you, you need to begin to remember their names. Develop a system. When you meet someone use his/ her name 3 times in your conversation, or write down his/ her name in a notebook with some notes about him/her after the conversation.________________
Listening is an active process. It is much more than being silent. It involves empathy, which is to walk in the speaker’s shoes and understand his/ her feeling. Listening is a skill that is developed with practice and as you master it, people will like you more and more._________________
People love it when you talk to them in terms of their interests. They love it when you are knowledgeable on subjects they enjoy. They love it when you can have intelligent conversation with them about what matters most to them. One way to do this is to study topics of their interests before you meet with people. If you know that you will have a business lunch with a huge baseball fan, then take some time to broaden your knowledge of the game.________________
Making people feel they are important can be done in all kinds of ways. You can give a compliment, remember their birthday or a spe4cial occasion, recognize them for their skills and contribution or give them a gift. Leave every person happier for having met you.
信息匹配 （ 本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共 10分）
首先请阅读下列警方通报查找人员的信息：
以下是相关事件及人物的描述，请把描述与相关插图及提示性文字匹配起来。
Helping Students Find Their Writing Voices
One of the most frustrating things for writing teachers is reading papers that simply lack style. When all of the research has been completed and all of the sentences are structured well, but the paper still lacks some pizzazz（活力），it can be boring to grade. If you are searching for ways to help your students find their voices, why not try making students themselves the topic of the writing?
Who are you?
One of the most difficult questions for students to answer is: “Who are you?” _
Dear John
Get the words on paper, and then edit them
The most valuable lesson students can learn is to write first, and edit later. Have students write for five minutes about their topics. If they can get their ideas down on paper, that’s 90% of the battle.
| A．What matters to you? |
| B．What style is taught in class? |
| C．When they write about themselves, students’ voices often shine through. |
| D．Writing letters is a great way for students to explore their writing style. |
E. Have your students explore who they are and what makes them unique.
F. Voice is that magical quality which is able to make a creative writing idea sing!
G. After that, have them edit these ideas into a really strong introductory paragraph.
首先，请阅读以下活动场所的介绍：
| A |
 Town Park Shelter offers rental shelters with various picnic tables, grills and play equipment for chilldren. Keep the food simple and easy, like barbecuing hot dogs or hamburgers. Follow up with a fun birthday cake from a grocery store or your own kitchen. We specially provide some firefighters’ equipment in case of a fire. |
B |
 McDonald’s offers kids parties that include a party hostess dressed up as a cartoon movie star, food and cake at reasonable prices. Another great thing about the fast food reataurant is that fascinating playlands or plastic ball pits are available here so that kids can be entertained a lot while adults chat and relax a bit. |
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 Glory Children’s Museum can be a great place for kids under ten to hold a birthday party if you are interested in the history of fast food like hamburgers and snacks as well as the development of movies. We have party hostesses and provide some supplies. You may only need to bring a birthday cake and presents. |
D |
 Chatari Movie Theater rents out the entire theater with a big group discount on snacks and soda. Popular cartoon movies like Firefighters in McDonald’s and An Escape from Tidy’s Community are on show every weekend. We particularly even allow you to bring in your own snacks and birthday cakes. |
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 Richard Scarry Fire Station provides rooms that we allow the local residents to use for free. Also, our fire department gives the children of a birthday party a tour of the station and let them try on some of the firefighters’ equipment and get their photos taken as birthday gifts. |
F |
 The Neighbourhood Club House is a club house in the community, which is either free or can be rented for a nominal fee by residents. It will give you more room than your home, and it is close enough to your home that you could set up the birthday party very easily. |
请阅读以下人员信息，然后匹配人员与相关场所：Mary’s mother, a successful businesswoman, would like to hold a grand birthday party for Mary’s fourteenth birthday this Saturday. The party should be held in an unusual place where Mary and her friends can eat snacks, play games as well as see films.
Tony will be five years old next Sunday. Considering the weather is becoming warmer, his parents plan to take him to a place where they can have a barbecue, eat a birthday cake and play games with some relatives.
Linda plans to invite her best friend Tom to celebrate her eleventh birthday. Both the children are fond of hamburgers, French fries and Coke. Also, the parents of the children want to take the opportunity to chat as well.
Hunter would like to invite five friends to stay in his community to celebrate his fifteenth birthday. However, his home is very small, and his parents don’t want to hold the party outside their community or spend too much money on it.
Peter, a ten-year-old boy, respects firefighters very much and shows great interest in extinguishing fire equipment and stories about firefighters. For his coming birthday, his parents hope to prepare a unique birthday party for him.
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