Ofcourse,themaindifferenceonth

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
难度中等
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Of course, the main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of knife and fork, but that’s only superficial. Besides, in decent restaurants, you can always ask for a pair of knife and fork, if you find the chopsticks not helpful enough. The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated to a formal dinner and particularly if the host thinks you’re in the country for the first time, he will do the best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes.
The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served (unless in Guangdong style restaurants) to be followed by staple food ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings. If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes, you should say so in good time, for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none of them at all.
Perhaps one of the things that surprise a western visitor most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food into the plates of their guests. In formal dinners, there are always “public” chopsticks and spoons for this purpose, but some hosts may use their own chopsticks. This is a sign of genuine friendship and politeness. It is always polite to eat the food. If you do not eat it, just leave the food in the plate.
　 People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed. When you have had enough, just say so. Or you will always overeat!
What’s the main difference on dinner table between China and West is ___________.

A．On Chinese dinner table, chopsticks replace knife and fork.

B．The host will do the best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes.

C．You’re treated to a formal dinner for the first time.

D．You have your own plate of food in West while in China everyone shares the dishes.

If you have a dinner in a Chinese home, in which order will the food be served in China?
a. a set of four cold dishes.
b. staple food such as rice, noodle or dumplings.
c. the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes.
d. serving soup.

A．acbd

B．cabd

C．acdb

D．cadb

According to the passage, we can infer that ___________.

A．Chinese all think it impolite for guests to ask for a pair of knife and fork.

B．Chinese think it impolite for guests to leave food in the plate.

C．People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed.

D．Chinese think it polite to put food into the plated of the guests with their own chopsticks.

The sentence, in passage 2, “you should say so in good time” means ______________.

A．you should say so happily

B．you’d better say so

C．you should say so early

D．you should say so kindly.

The “public chopsticks and spoons” are used to ______.

A．show the politeness to the guests.

B．put food into the plates of their guests

C．share the food together

D．show the genuine friendship and politeness

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D
A new study warns that about thirty percent of the world's people may not have enough water by the year 2025. A private American organization called Population Action International did the new study. It says more than three-hundred-thirty-five-million people lack enough water now. The people live in twenty-eight countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East.
PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025, about three-thousand-million people may lack water. At least 18 more countries are expected to have severe water problems. The demand for water keeps increasing. Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.
Mr. Engelman says the population in countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.
The report says lack of water in the future may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking waters not safe. Mr. Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases, such as cholera (霍乱), which are carried in water. Lack of water may also result in more international conflict. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries now import sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. This is true of Egypt, the Netherlands, Cambodia, Syria, Sudan, and Iraq. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability of developing to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need a large amount of water when they are beginning. The Population Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. One way, it says, is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. Another way is to teach people to be careful not to waste water. A third way is to use less water of agriculture.
68. According to the fourth paragraph, lack of water in the future may result in many problems EXCEPT_______.
A. health problems                         B. international conflict
C. environmental problems                  D. economic problems
69. According to the passage, in the following countries, _______is in deep need of water.
A. Colombia         B. Syria        C. New Zealand             D. South Africa
70. The PAI study gives many solutions to the water problem EXCEPT_______.
A. usage of multifunctional water      B. water saving
C. using less water of farming                D. control of population
71. The most suitable title of the passage is_______.
A. Population and Water                       B. How to Solve Water Problem
C. International Water Crisis（危机）            D. Water—the Life of the Earth

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C
Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius（天才）out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his / her intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he / she reaches those limits will depend on his / her environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part.This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
64. The writer holds the view that human beings’ intelligence depends on       .
A) birth
B) education
C) both birth and environment
D) neither birth nor education
65. It can be learned from the passage that if a child is born with low intelligence, he can        .
A) not become a genius.
B) still become a genius if he is given special education.
C) exceed(超过) his intelligence limits in rich surroundings.
D) not fulfill his intelligence in his life.
66. In the second paragraph, “if we take two unrelated people at random from the population” means “if we         ”.
A) pick any two persons.
B) choose two persons who are relatives.
C) take out two different persons on purpose.
D) choose two persons with different intelligence.
67. The example of the twins in the third paragraph is used to show        .
the importance of their intelligence.
the role of environment on intelligence.
the importance of their social positions.
the part that birth plays.

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B
You are standing under the most famous neon lights in the centre of London, waiting to cross the road. Suddenly the traffic stops. You hear the distant sounds of cheering, clapping and shouting. Then, like a multi-colored train, 2, 000 people with wheels on their feet zoom past you. You have just witnessed the London Skate, a twice weekly roller-skate(溜旱冰) event that attracts people in their hundreds and thou-
sands London. Skate is a completely free tour of the streets of London -the only condition is that you go along on roller-skates. It lasts between two and three hours and by the end of it you have skated between 10 and 12 miles. The skate snakes round the streets of London along several different routes. Many of the routes pass by tourist attractions such as Buckingham Palace and Big Ben. Marshals (交通协调员) go ahe- of the group, stopping the traffic so that people can skate as safely as possible. Everyone is welcome to take part and people from the age of 4 to 63 years old join the fun. "I love it very much, it is amazing. It feels just like a carnival (狂欢节)，" said Celeste Beverage regular skater.
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"It's so exciting to skate in Paris. Everyone skates so fast and puts in their best efforts!" he said. The Paris Roller is well known because of the huge attendance, the presence of marshals and the police protection. Paris is a great city for roller-skating because of its long wide streets and smooth surfaces. Roller-skating is also becoming more popular in China among young people and children. Skating fans' favorite places to practise in China are big squares.
60. We can infer from the passage that London Skate Event ________.
A. is probably supported by the city government
B. attracts a great many tourists from all over the world
C. usually causes a lot of traffic problems
D. draws people of all ages into the sport
61. The underlined phrase "taking off " in the passage means________ .
A. rising from the ground
B. becoming popular
C. setting out
D. getting exciting
62. Paris is regarded as one of the most suitable places for roller-skating because ________.
A. a large number of roller players attend it
B. the police protect the roller skaters
C. the streets are safe, wide and smooth
D. the event usually takes place on warm evenings
63. This article mainly talks about________ .
A. places and streets for roller-skating
B. roller-skating in big cities
C. London Skate Event
D. roller skaters in different countries

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第三部分阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A.
Have you ever wondered why different animals or pests have their particular colours? Colours in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.
Birds, especially seagulls, are very fond of locusts, but birds cannot easily catch locusts because locusts change their colours together with the change of the colour of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But when crops are ripe, locusts take on exactly the same brown colour as crops have. Some other pests with different colours from plants are usually easily found and eaten by their enemies. So they have to hide themselves in terror for lives and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life in any part of the world, you will find the main use of colouring is to protect themselves. Bears, wolves and other beasts move quietly through forests. They are usually invisible to the eyes of hunters, because they have the colour much like the barks of trees.
An even more strange act remains to be noticed. A kind of fish living in seas can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over, its enemies cannot find it, and it immediately swims away. Thus, it has existed up to now though it is not powerful at all.
56. This passage mainly talks about ________.
A. the change of colour in locusts
B. the protective coloration of animals and pests
C. how a certain sea fish protects itself
D. animals or pests can dye themselves different colours
57. Locusts are ________ but they are not easily wiped out by their enemies because ________.
A. animals; they are powerful enough                 B. beasts; they are dangerous to their enemies
C. pests; they take on the same colours as crops   D. birds; they fly extraordinarily fast
58. The pests that have different colours from plants usually appear at night because ________.
A. their enemies can easily find them and eat them
B. they have the habit of coming out in darkness
C. it’s easy for them to destroy plants in darkness
D. birds take their rest when night comes
59. Bears and wolves have the same colour as barks of trees because ________.
A. they fear other beasts
B. they like brown or grey colours
C. they enjoy walking through forests quietly
D. the colours help prevent themselves from being noticed

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E
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That didn't stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were scared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess.
Parbati Barua's father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk. He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant round-up -- how to catch wild elephants.
Parbati hasn't always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old fife. "Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase," she says.
But Parbati doesn't catch elephants just for fun. "My work," she says, "is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man." And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill.
The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant. "Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them. They are also more loyal than humans," she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal. An elephant princess indeed!
72. For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to             .
A. get long lasting excitement              B. keep both man and elephants safe
C. send them back to the jungle             D. make the angry elephants tame
73. Before Parbati studied in a boarding school,             .
A. she spent her time hunting with her father
B. she learned how to sing love songs
C. she had already been called an elephant princess
D. she was taught how to hunt tigers
74. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because __________.
A. they are caught and sent for heavy work
B. illegal hunters capture them and kill them
C. they are attacked and their land gets limited
D. dogs often bark at them and chase them
75. The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that in India _________.
A. people easily fall victim to elephants' attacks
B. the man-elephant relationship is getting worse
C. elephant tamers are in short supply
D. dogs are as powerful as elephants

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