For more than a century, since he captured the spoken words "Mary had a little lamb" on a sheet of tinfoil (锡纸), Thomas Edison has been considered the father of recorded sound. But researchers say they have discovered a recording of the human voice which is nearly two ______earlier than Edison's invention of the phonograph.
The 10-second recording of a singer crooning (轻声歌唱)  the folk song  "Au Clair de la Lune"  was discovered earlier this month in an   ______ in Paris by a group of American audio historians. It was made, the researchers say, on April 9, 1860, on a phonautograph, a machine designed to record sounds ______, not to play them back. But the phonautograph recording, or phonautogram, was made playable---converted from squiggles (潦草的字迹) on paper to sound---by scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, Calif.
"This is a  ______find, the earliest known recording of sound," said Samuel Brylawski, the former head of the recorded-sound division of the Library of Congress, who is not ______with the research group but who was familiar with its findings. The audio discovery could give new   ______ to the phonautograph, and its inventor, Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville,  a Parisian typesetter who went to his grave   ______that credit for his breakthroughs had been ______bestowed on Edison.
The recordings made by Scott were not intended for listening; the idea of audio  _____ had not been conceived.  Rather, Scott sought to create a paper record of human speech that could later be______.