RestaurantsinEurope,theUnitedS

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更新 2022-09-03
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Restaurants in Europe, the United States and Japan are testing technology to let diners order their food direct from a screen at their table instead of depending on a fellow human being to note their choice.
Besides cutting costs, companies that sell the “e-menus” argue the bytes-for-bites way has a new value that can attract younger customers, and various photographs of steaks and gooey desserts attract diners to order more. It also could extend the TV dinner. How about a computer game dinner?
“It's about impulse-buying,” said Adi Chitayat, Conceptic’s CEO. “If a person starts looking at pictures of chocolate cake, the chances are he'll order it.” Frame, a restaurant in Tel Aviv with the system, is said to have its sales on tables with the e-menu increased by about 11% . Customers often call ahead to reserve （预定）spots equipped with screens, manager Natalie Edry told Reporters.
At one of the e-menu tables, IT worker Gil Uriel and his young family were enthusiastic as they checked out pictures of the dishes on offer and squabbled（争吵）overdesserts. “It’s more visual,” says Uriel, as his children clicked away furiously on a games function between courses. “We can still choose, we can still argue —but it’s much easier when we can all see it.”
The following are the advantages of “restaurants with” EXCEPT that .

A．eating in them is more comfortable

B．the restaurants can save a lot of money

C．they can attract more youngsters to the restaurants

D．customers can see the pictures of their ordered foods

The underlined word “impulse—buying” in the 3rd paragraph means .

A．having no idea in buying things

B．being uninterested in buying things

C．having no patience in buying things

D．being encouraged in buying things

According to the last paragraph, we know that .

A．customers feel little interest in the e-menus

B．e-menus only attract a small number of customers

C．it still takes time for e-menus to be widely accepted

D．restaurants of this kind are refused by customers

This passage might be taken from .

A．a food guide	B．a website
C．a traveling magazine	D．classic advertisements

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Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask a boy (girl) for a date？
Many people are afraid to assert themselves (insist upon their own rights). Dr Robert Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back, thinks it’s because their self-esteem(自尊) is low. “Our whole set-up makes people doubt themselves,” says Alberti. “There’s always a 'superior' around — a parent, a teacher, a boss — who 'knows better’”.
But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people to assert themselves. They offer “assertiveness training” courses (AT). In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive(敢闯, 闯劲儿) without hurting other people.
In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger motive—the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels. AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.
1. In the passage, the writer talks about the problem that _______.
A. some people are too easy-going
B. some people are too timid
C. there are too many superiors around us
D. some people dare not stick up for their own rights
2. The effect of our set-up on people is often to _______.
A. make them distrust their own judgment
B. make things more favorable for them
C. keep them from speaking out as much as their superiors do
D. help them to learn to speak up for their rights
3. One thing AT doesn’t do is to _______.
A. use the need of people to share
B. show people they have the right to be themselves
C. help people to be aggressive at anytime even when others suffer
D. help people overcome fear

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My husband and children think they are very lucky that they are living and that it’s Christmas again. They can’t see that we live on a dirty street in a dirty house among people who aren’t much good. But Johnny and children can’t see this. What a pity it is that our neighbours have to make happiness out of all this dirt. I decided that my children must get out of this. The money that we’ve saved isn’t nearly enough.
The McGaritys have money but they are so proud. They look down upon the poor. The McGarity girl just yesterday stood out there in the street eating from a bag of candy(糖果)while a ring of hungry children watched her. I saw those children looking at her and crying in their hearts; and when she couldn’t eat any more she threw the rest down the sewer(下水道). Why, is it only because they have money ? There is more to happiness than money in the world, isn’t there?
Miss Jackson who teaches at the Settlement House isn’t rich, but she knows things. She understands people. Her eyes look straight into yours when she talks with you. She can read your mind. I’d like to see the children be like Miss Jackson when they grow up.
1. This passage mainly suggests that the writer _______.
A. is easy to get along with　　　　　　
B. is unhappy with the life they are living
C. is good at observing and understanding　　
D. is never pleased with her neigbours
2. What do you think of McGarity girl?
A. She is proud and hungry. B. She is selfish and cruel.
C. She is lonely and friendless. D. She is unhappy and misunderstood.
3. In this text, the writer tries to tell us that _______.
A. money is the key to everything　　
B. the more money you have, the less happy you’ll be
C. there is something more important than money
D. when talking to people we should look into their eyes
4. Pick out the one that does NOT describe the writer’s view on money.
A. Why, is it only because they have money?
B. There is more to happiness than money.
C. Miss Jackson isn’t rich, but she knows things.
D. The money we saved isn’t nearly enough.

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Humans are social animals. They live in groups all over the world. As these groups of people live apart from other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which form different cultures. One important particular side of every culture is how its people deal with time.
Time is not very important in non-industrial societies. The Nuer people of East Africa, for example, do not even have a word TIME that is in agreement with the abstract thing we call time. The daily lives of the people of such non-industrial societies are likely to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule(时间表) based on the clock. They cook and eat when they are hungry and sleep when the sun goes down. They plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are ripe. They measure time not by a clock or calendar(日历), but by saying that an event takes place before or after some other events. Frequently such a society measures days in terms of “sleeps” or longer periods in terms of “moons”. Some cultures, such as the Eskimos of Greenland measure seasons according to the migration of certain animals.
Some cultures which do not have a written language or keep written records have developed interesting ways of “telling time”. For example, when several Australian aborigines want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree. Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly. In a few days, the rays of the sun strike the stone in a certain way. When this happens, the people see that the agreed-upon time has arrived and the event can take place.
In contrast(成对比), exactly correct measurement of time is very important in modern, industrialized societies. This is because industrialized societies require the helpful efforts of many people in order to work. For a factory to work efficiently(well, quickly and without waste), for example, all of the workers must work at the same time. Therefore, they must know what time to start work in the morning and what time they may go home in the afternoon. Passengers must know the exact time that an airplane will arrive or depart. Students and teachers need to know when a class starts and ends. Stores must open on time in order to serve their customers. Complicated(复杂的) societies need clocks and calendars. Thus, we can see that if each person worked according to his or her own schedule, a complicated society could hardly work at all.
1. By saying “Humans are social animals”, the author means _______.
A. they live all over the world
B. they are different from other animals
C. they live in one place, district or country, considered as a whole
D. they are divided into many groups
2. Time is not very important in non-industrial societies. This is because people in those societies _______.
A. don’t have the word "time" in their languages
B. don’t get used to using clocks and other timepieces
C. don’t measure time in their daily-lives around an exact time schedule
D. don’t need to plan their daily lives around an exact time schedule
3. The Australian aborigines’ way of “telling time” is based on _______.
A. the change of the sun rays
B. the movement of the earth in relation to the sun
C. the position of the stone
D. the position of the tree or the cliff
4. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?
A. Time and Culture
B. The Measurement of Time
C. Time Schedule and Daily Life
D. Clock, Calendar and Society

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BRITAIN is a popular tourist place. But tours of the country have pros and cons.
GOOD NEWS
Free museums. No charge for outstanding collections of art and antiquities.
Pop music. Britain is the only country to rival(与…匹敌)the US on this score.
Black cabs. London taxi drivers know where they are going even if there are never enough of them at weekends or night.
Choice of food. Visitors can find everything from Ethiopian to Swedish restaurants.
Fashion. Not only do fashion junkies love deeply and respect highly brand names such as Vivienne Westwood, Alexander McQueen; street styles are justly loved, too.
　　BAD NEWS
　　Poor service. “It’s part of the image of the place. People can dine out on the rudeness they have experienced,” says Professor Tony Seaton, of Luton University’s International Tourism Research Center.
　　Poor public transport. Trains and buses are promised to defeat the keenest tourists, although the over crowded London tube is inexplicably(难以理解的) popular.
Lack of languages. Speaking slowly and clearly may not get many foreign visitors very far, even in the tourist traps(圈套).
　　Rain. Still in the number one complaint.
　　No air-conditioning. So that even splendidly hot summers become as unbearable as the downpours.
　　Overpriced hotels. The only European country with a higher rate of tax on hotel rooms is Denmark.
Licensing hours. Alcohol(酒) is in short supply after 11 pm even in “24-hour cities”.
1. What do tourists complain most?
　　A. Poor service.          　　B. Poor public transport.
C. Rain.               　　       D. Overpriced hotels.
2. What do we learn about pop music in Britain and the US through this passage?
A. Pop music in Britain is better than that in the US.
B. Pop music in Britain is as good as that in the US.
C. Pop music in Britain is worse than that in the US.
D. Pop music in Britain is quite different from that in the US.
3. When is alcohol not able to get?
　　A. At 9: 00 pm      B. At 10: 00 pm     C. At 11: 00 pm     D. At 12: 00 pm
4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
　　A. You have to pay to visit the museums.
　　B. It’s very cheap to travel by taxi there.
　　C. You cannot find Chinese food there.
D. The public transport is poor there.

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Americans think that travel is good for you, some even think it can help one of the country’s worst problems — crime. Crime worries a lot of people. Every year, the number of crimes goes up and up. And many criminals(罪犯) are young. They often come from sad homes, with only one parent or no parents at all.
There are many young criminals in prison. But prison doesn’t change them. Six or seven in ten will go back to crime when they come out of prison. One man, Bob Burton, thought of a new idea. In the old days, young men had to live a difficult life on the road. They learned to be strong and brave, and to help their friends in time of danger. This helped them to grow into men. So Bob Burton started “Vision Quest”. He takes young criminals on a long, long journey with horses and wagons, 3 000 miles through seven states. They are on the road for more than a year.
The young people on Vision Quest all have had problems. Most of them have already spent time in prison. This is their last chance. It’s hard work on the road. The day starts before the sun comes up. The boys and girls have to feed the horses. Some of them have never loved anyone before. But they can love their horses. That love can help them to a new life.
Not all the young people on Vision Quest will leave crime behind them. Three or four in ten will one day be in prison again. Bob Burton is right. Travel can be good for you. Even today, Americans still say, “Go west, young man.”
1. In paragraph 4 “leave crime behind them” means _______.
A. no longer do a crime B. leave people who do a crime
C. don’t do all the crime D. leave criminals behind
2. From the passage we may infer that _______.
A. getting up before the sun rises can help people out of crime
B. loving can help young people to a new life
C. traveling can help all criminals out of prison
D. being brave and strong can do with crime
3. On “Vision Quest” _______.
A. young people have bad problems
B. young people grow tall very fast
C. young people often help their friends in time of danger
D. all of the above
4. Americans still say, “Go west, young man”, because _______.
A. if they go west they can have a travel
B. in the west there is a prison
C. there they have to live a hard life to grow into men
D. the prison doesn’t change them

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