ReallifeFriendsMostpeopleknowt

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更新 2022-09-03
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Real-life Friends
Most people know the saying: A man's best friend is his dog; and that Diamonds are a girl’s best friend. However, dogs can’t offer advice or make you a cup of tea when you need one; and precious stones are cold comfort when you need a hug, and a shoulder to cry on.
What are Friends?
There are many ways to describe a friend. Friends are the family you can choose for yourself. Friends are a much better medication（医疗）than medication is, and people who spend time with friends are happier with their lives as they are less lonely.
A good friend will put you to bed when you’re lost consciousness. Ensure you’re not laid on your back, and remember to remove your shoes. You should be able to tell a true friend anything without being judged by them.
How do Friendships Begin?
This is an easy question. Find someone else who has similar interests with you. You now have another person to talk to about your shared interest but remember they like to talk too, so be prepared to shut up and listen once in a while. Hopefully they will have other friends and will introduce you to them, thereby expanding your circle.
Friendships which begin due to location, for example, next-door neighbors or school classmates, rarely survive transitions such as moving to other neighborhoods, schools, colleges, jobs, immigration, and so forth. Attend a school reunion and you’ll wonder what on earth you ever had in common with these people other than your age, although it is possible to have a friendship with someone you met at school. Mutually maintain it, and eventually become godparent or “uncle” to each others’ children.
How Friendships are Maintained
To have a friend you must also be a friend and be prepared to be there for them should they need you. Failure in this respect would label you a fair-weather friend and you would most probably be abandoned.
Boundaries
Like every other relationship you have in your life, there are boundaries you shouldn’t cross with your friends. One of those is money: Don’t lend to your friend and don’t ask for a loan yourself.
Friends are unpaid counselors（顾问）,but phoning them at 2 am because you’re awake and would like a chat is not a good idea. Neither is phoning them at 10 am if you know they’re a shift-worker. Friends are people who need some space and quiet time. Generally, it all boils down to mutual respect and understanding.
It’s not a good plan to interrupt your friend while they’re on a date/on holiday/attending an orchestral recital/at a funeral.
Trust
Trust is the most vital element in any relationship. If you’re not trustworthy then you probably don’t deserve friends, so try to remember that you promised to see that dull film with them or applaud them at their first attempt at a karaoke or an Open Mic night. If you have promised to look after their clothes while they go for a bet, then make sure you do. You might like to carry enough cash to help them out too, as you never know when that situation might be reversed.
Don’t lie to your friend: if they know you well they’ll know you’re lying or will at least be suspicious. If you find out something that you know will hurt your friend, be tactful（圆滑）. Do they need to know? Would they appreciate knowing? Can you tell their mum so she can break the news? Cowardly, yes, but mums usually have a much better way with words. Remember, if you do decide to tell them and it’s painful, they will probably need some time alone, after lashing out at（抨击）the closest thing—you. In that case, play the waiting game. Then don’t beat them up about it afterwards.
A Friend for Life
Strong friendships can last a lifetime with care and consideration. The benefits are multi-folds; you’ve got someone to share birthday cake with, and especially for single people, a pub meal or a trip to the cinema is no fun alone, is it? Plus it’s always nice to know there’s someone there for you, as you’re there for them, through the bad times as well as the good. Altogether now: Oh I get by with a little help from my friends. Mm, I get high with a little help from my friends.
According to the passage we can learn that good friends should be ___________.

A．paid counselors	B．money lenders
C．good listeners	D．next-door neighbors

The author brings in the topic by ___________.

A．giving negative examples	B．raising a relative question
C．describing a natural fact	D．explaining what friends are

The underlined phrase “a fair-weather friend” in Para 6 probably refers to a friend who _____.

A．likes only fine weather

B．will always stand by you

C．likes to make friends in fine weather

D．will run away from you when you need help badly

What can be inferred from the passage?

A．The more friends you have, the happier you will be.

B．Medication is also a better way to maintain strong friendships.

C．You may lose a friend if you are always telling lies to him or her.

D．We should only make friends with those having similar interests.

From the last paragraph we can learn that the author ____________.

A．doubt whether there are true friends and friendship

B．has lost a lot of good friends without any reasons

C．has already benefited a great deal from his friends

D．has been tired of making friends with single people

Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．How to make friends.	B．Friends and friendship.
C．Ways to maintain friendship.	D．Boundaries of friends.

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Foods from Around the World
Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries. Here are four people’s experiences with foreign food.
Shao Wong is a student in France. He comes from China. “I’d never tasted cheese or even milk before I came here. Cattle are rare in my part of China, so there are no dairy products. I tried milk when I first arrived in France. I hated it! I sampled cheese too, but couldn’t manage more than one bite. I love ice cream, though, and that’s made from milk.”
Birgit is from Sweden. She traveled to Australia on vacation. “I was in a restaurant that specialized in fish, and I heard some other customers order flake. So I ordered some too and it was delicious. Later, I found out that flake is an Australian term for shark. After that pleasant experience, whenever I see a new food I try it out on purpose. You know why? I remember how much I enjoyed flake.”
Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She originates from India. “I’m frightened of eating new foods because they might be made from beef. I’m a Hindu, and my religion forbids me to eat meat from the cow. It’s a sacred animal to Hindus, so that’s the reason I can’t eat hamburgers or spaghetti with meatballs.”
Nathan is American. He taught for a year in China. “My friends gave me some 100-year-old eggs to eat. I didn’t like the look of them at all. The insides were green, but my friends said the color was normal. The Chinese put chemicals on fresh eggs. Then they bury them in the earth for three months. So the eggs weren’t really very old. Even so, I absolutely refused to touch them.”
Life in a new country can be scary, but it also can be fun. Would you sample a 100-year-old egg? Would you order shark in a restaurant?
1. What kind of girl is Birgit?
A. Religious. B. Brave. C. Confident. D. Open- minded.
2. Chandra is frightened of eating food made from beef, because _________.
A. It’s against Hindus’ religion.
B. She is a doctor and she thinks beef is not easy to chew and digest.
C. She is an Indian.
D. Hindus think beef is not tasty.
3. The underlined word “Sacred” in paragraph 4 means _________.
A. frightening B. large C. man – eating D. greatly respected
4. What can you infer from this passage?
A. Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries.
B. Despite (虽然) cultural differences in food, have a try and maybe you’ll get used to it.
C. A vacation is a good way to learn about new foods. Be sure to go on vacation more often.
D. People dislike eating new foods only because their religion forbids it.

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LOS ANGELES--- Two lost hikers who survived three nights in mountains thanks to supplies at a campsite of another hiker who disappeared last year described their suffering, saying they had “the real special thank” for the man who is probably dead.
The couple, Allen, 24, and Brandon Day, 28, were in Southern California for an important conference. They got lost on Saturday west of Palm Springs after wandering off a trail during what was supposed to be a day hike.
Prepared only for a brief hike, they wore light jackets and tennis shoes and had no food, spare clothing or mobile phone. With night closing in, they took shelter in a small cave and spent the night sleepless, freezing and hungry.
On Monday, they discovered a campsite in a dead valley. There was a sleeping mat, a backpack, a disposable razor(一次性剃刀), a spoon and tennis shoes. Day and Allen were delighted, thinking someone there could help them find the way out. But later they realized the place was deserted.
They found identification showing the camper was Donovan, 60, a retired social worker from Virginia. They learned later in his diary that he was an experienced hiker and he disappeared on May 2, 2005, in icy weather.
They found articles in his backpack: a warm sweater for Allen, dry socks for Day and matches. They lit a small signal fire to attract a helicopter crew in the distance, but the crew did not see them.
On Tuesday morning, Day created “a really big smoke signal” that finally attracted a helicopter crew. They were examined at a hospital and had only bruises(擦伤).
“We feel great. We’re thankful. We feel like we’ve been given a second chance,” said Day, who expressed that they wouldn’t give up hiking even after this experience.
1. The passage most probably appears in ________.
A. an advertisement             B. a newspaper    C. a travel guidebook        D. a travel journal
2. Why did Allen and Day go to Southern California?
A. To go for a short hiking in mountains.    B. To search for the hiker missing a year ago.
C. To attend an important conference.      D. To enjoy the scenery of Palm Springs.
3. Which of the things the couple found helped them the most?
A. Tennis shoes.      B. A sleeping mat.        C. a warm sweater.     D. Matches.
4. Which of the following statements is TURE?
A. The couple realized the campsite was deserted the moment they found it.
B. The couple at first thought the person in the camp could help them out.
C. It was the icy weather that led to Donovan’s disappearance and death.
D. This experience would prevent the couple hiking again in future.

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第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
Dear Ralf,
I have received your letter from school and am glad to know that you are becoming responsible enough to decide on your career.
You are now in the final year of college and are about to start more independent life in society. You know that a generation divides us, and the conditions of social life were different in my days. However, all I can say as advice is that you must select a career wisely. The first consideration is your interest. You can only succeed and feel happy when you do something you enjoy. Your job must be both gainful and satisfying. Then, you must read up on the latest books on the field you are aiming at. Also, you should get familiar with the men and women in the profession of that field. When mind and heart function together, success is inevitable(必然的).
No career is more or less important than any other career. It takes different people to operate the machine of life. I think your interest may lie in the field of making TV programs. Your great communication skills, your active participation in school plays and the prizes you have won in speech competitions all point in that direction. So a career in Mass Communication and TV film production proves suitable for you. If you succeed and make it in that field, fame and treasure will both follow.
Think a thousand times before making any final decision regarding your career. Anyhow, I want you to be a man of success.
I know that you are mature(成熟的) enough to think for yourself.
With all the best wishes!
Your loving father
1. We can infer that Ralf wrote a letter to ask for advice on how to ________.
A. prepare for a competition.                B. communicate with others
C. choose a career                             D. get good marks
2. What can we know about Ralf?
A. He has graduated from college.         B. He gets on badly with his father.
C. He has taken part in school plays.      D. He won prizes in the field of making films.
3. Ralf’s father thinks that ________.
A. fame is more important than treasure
B. every career is of the same importance
C. Ralf is too young to make a decision himself
D. there is no real understanding between parents and children
4. The father suggests that his son should ____________.
A. consider his interest first when choosing a career.
B. make friends with successful people.
C. be never proud when making progress
D. be active in school activities.

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A centuries-old tradition of wearing a white horse-hair wig in court ended for many judges when a simpler new dress code came into force．
While judges in criminal cases will still wear them, those in civil and family hearings will appear bare-headed in court, wearing a new-style plain black robe, the British government said．
After a long debate, the Lord Chief Justice, Lord Philips, head of the judiciary(司法部) in England and Wales, finally ordered the changes in an attempt to modernize the courts．
Wigs have been an emblem(象征) of the British legal system since the 17th century when the fashion for wearing them in wider society went through to the courts．For hundreds of years before the reign(统治)of Charles II, judges and lawyers were expected to come to court with short hair and a beard．
The decision to abandon wigs has disappointed traditionalists who argue that they give judges an air of authority and impartiality．Wigs could also protect them from angry members of the public．John Mortimer, the barrister and author of the “Rumpole of the Bailey” books, opposed the changes．“The idea’s ridiculous! A barrister without his wig would be like a doctor without a stethoscope（听诊器）,” he wrote in a newspaper article when the changes were first proposed．
However, modernists argue that wigs are a hangover from the past that could intimidate people in court．In a newspaper interview, Lord Phillips described wigs as an anachronism（不合时宜之物）that gave the public a false impression of judges．
A Ministry of Justice survey last year found 70 percent of court workers wanted to keep wigs, compared to 42 percent of the public．
1．The reasons why wigs should be kept are the following EXCEPT________．
A．to build up the fair image of the judges．
B．to keep the judges from the harm from the audience．
C．to make the audience fear the judges．
D．to symbolize justice．
2．According to the British government, wigs will still be worn in ________．
A．murder cases B．divorce cases C．property cases D．real estate cases
3．The underlined word ‘intimidate’ in Paragraph 4 means ________．
A．frightened B．dissatisfied C．amused D．annoyed
4．Based on the article, which of the following inferences is TRUE?
A．Wearing wigs were very popular in the 17th century in Britain．
B．A stethoscope to a doctor is what a wig to a traditionalist．
C．The courts started the fashion of wearing wigs．
D．Many people favor the wigs for the judges．
5．The article is mainly about _________．
A．the difficulty in abandoning wigs in court．
B．the history of wearing wigs and the end of it．
C．abandoning wigs for many judges and the debate caused by it．
D．the opinion of the public and court workers on abandoning wigs．

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Dear Daughter,
　　As we drove off from Columbia, I wanted to write a letter to you to tell you all that is on my mind．
First, I want to tell you how proud we are．Getting into Columbia is a real testament of what a great well-rounded student you are．It is in college that you will truly discover what learning is about．I encourage you to be curious, but I also want to tell you “Education is what you have left after all that is taught is forgotten”．That is really what learning in college is about–this will be the period where you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired, after which you must become self-learner．So do take each subject seriously, and even if what you learn isn’t critical for your life, the skills of learning will be something you cherish forever．
There is no single simple answer to any question．Remember during your high school debate class, I always asked you to take on the side that you don’t believe in? I did that for a reason– things rarely “black and white”, and there are always many ways to look at a problem．You will become a better problem solver if you recognize that．This is called “critical thinking”, and it is the most important thinking skill you need for your life．This also means you need to become tolerant and supportive of others．I will always remember when I went to my Ph．D．advisor and proposed a new thesis topic．He said “I don’t agree with you, but I’ll support you．”
Do your best in classes, but don’t let pressure get to you．Your mother and I have no expectations for your grades．If you graduate and learn something in your four years, we would feel happy．Please don’t be worried．The only thing that matters is that you learned．The only metric you should use is that you tried．Grades are just silly letters that give the vain people something to brag, and the lazy people something to fear．You are too good to be either．
College is the four years where you have:·the greatest amount of free time．·the first chance to be independent．·the most flexibility to change．·the lowest risk for making mistakes．
So please treasure your college years．
Love,
Dad (& Mom)
(A letter from Kaifu Lee)
1．According to Kaifu Lee, the underlined sentence in the second paragraph means_________．
A．you should learn by yourself instead of learning from your teachers．
B．the knowledge isn’t as important as the ability to learn．
C．the knowledge from college is of less worth than that acquired after college．
D．education is nothing but what you have remembered．
2．Kaifu Lee expects his daughter to _________．
A．agree with those who hold the opposite opinions．
B．find out the difference between ‘right and wrong’．
C．think of more ways to solve a problem critically．
D．step into others’ shoes and think from others’ positions．
3．Based on the letter, it can be inferred that ________．
A．high grades are not important for people．
B．Kaifu Lee and his wife don’t care about their daughter’s grades or college life．
C．Kaifu Lee doesn’t expect her daughter to make any mistakes in her life．
D．Kaifu Lee’s daughter is a freshman in Columbia University．
4．We can conclude that Kaifu Lee’s daughter is _________．
A．dependent and curious B．tolerant and supportive
C．well-rounded and worried D．excellent and hard-working

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