Environmental health is defined as the control of the factors (因素) in the environment that may have harmful effects on people’s physical, mental, or social well-being (安乐). Because natural disasters expose people to danger by bringing up or threatening their immediate environment, effective management of environmental health after a natural disaster is of great importance.
The environmental health measures that must be considered after a natural disaster include the supply of appropriate shelter for individuals or groups of people left homeless, the distribution (分配) of safe and accessible water, and the protection and distribution of safe food products and so on.
To effectively manage environmental health during and after a disaster, it is important that a state of preparation is in effect before the event actually occurs. During an emergency, success largely depends on making good, rapid judgment and appropriate response measures. High-level decision makers, therefore, must be familiar with sound measures beforehand and should be given an accurate judgment of the disaster’s specific effects as quickly as possible.
This book is intended to serve as a guide for those who may be called upon to make emergency decisions after disaster strikes. The recommended environmental health measures have been listed in the order of priority in which they should be taken during an emergency. However, each natural disaster is unique in the degree or type of emergency. In response to any given disaster, decision makers may find it necessary to change the priority assigned to any particular measure. The first paragraph is mainly to _____.
| A．tell the reader how to understand environmental health |
| B．express why environmental health after a natural disaster is important |
| C．describe the terrible scene that is caused by the natural disasters |
| D．give advice on how to deal with the management of environmental health |
In order to effectively cope with the emergency, the most important is that _____.
| A．we should have enough shelters and tools |
| B．everyone should be familiar with the situation |
| C．we should be well prepared for it in advance |
| D．we can deal with it just as we did before |
We can’t do just as the recommended environmental health measures because _____.
| A．some of the measures have not been taken before |
| B．they are not the same according to different degrees or types of emergency |
| C．they are probably made up by someone without experience |
| D．they can’t be changed once they are taken by the experts |
The best title of this passage should be _____.
| A．Environmental Health Management after Natural Disasters |
| B．The Bad Influence of the Natural Disasters |
| C．Useful Measures to Avoid the Natural Disasters |
| D．The Importance of the Environmental Health Management |
There were smiling children all the way. Charily they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.
I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.
It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately I came alive. I decided to wave hack.
From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.
The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (拥抱). I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car.I looked forward to the return journey. The author expected the train trip to be________
| A．adventurous |
| B．pleasant |
| C．exciting |
| D．dull |
What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?
| A．The friendly country people. |
| B．The mountains along the way. |
| C．The crowds of people in the streets. |
| D．The simple lunch served on the train. |
Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph?
| A．choose |
| B．enjoy |
| C．prepare for |
| D．carry on |
Where was the writer going?
| A．Johore Baru. |
| B．The Causeway. |
| C．Butterworth . |
| D．Singapore. |
What can we learn from the story?
| A．Comfort in traveling by train. |
| B．Pleasure of living in the country. |
| C．Reading gives people delight. |
| D．Smiles brighten people up. |
One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods __ she realized that she was lost.
Sitting on a rock and __ __ what to do, she began crying. After a while. She____ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. _ ___ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and _ _ __ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the _ __. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a __ __.
The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy __ __ that his mistrees（女主人）was in danger. He jumped __ __ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere. However, from the ground came a __ __ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He __ __ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking __ __ into the air, the dog __ _ through the woods until he found the _ __ . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his __ __ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He __ __ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was __ __.
When she opened her eyes and her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of . That night Laddy had a hero’s supper: a huge meal of steak
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用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空
| connect taste research fear communicate result see truth part sense |
Everyone is aware of their five basic _____, Sight, touch, smell, hearing and
_____. What everyone is not so well aware of is their sixth sense, a
_____ to something more and greater than their physical senses that are easy to be observed. A sixth sense is the entrance to the world of the
_____ meeting, the unheard
_____, the unfelt touch of someone from the spiritual world trying to make a connection with someone in the physical body. A sixth sense is a
_____ of everyone whether or not they like it. It is a normal part of the human mind and not abnormal or reserved for special persons. Because of the media and religion, it has been misrepresented and as a
_____,people connect .the spirit world with
_____ and anxiety. But the
_____is that a sixth sense is scientific after years’
_____ on it.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空
| connect taste research fear communicate result see truth part sense |
Everyone is aware of their five basic _____, Sight, touch, smell, hearing and
_____. What everyone is not so well aware of is their sixth sense, a
_____ to something more and greater than their physical senses that are easy to be observed. A sixth sense is the entrance to the world of the
_____ meeting, the unheard
_____, the unfelt touch of someone from the spiritual world trying to make a connection with someone in the physical body. A sixth sense is a
_____ of everyone whether or not they like it. It is a normal part of the human mind and not abnormal or reserved for special persons. Because of the media and religion, it has been misrepresented and as a
_____,people connect .the spirit world with
_____ and anxiety. But the
_____is that a sixth sense is scientific after years’
_____ on it.
When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously ,did not give her good service ,pretended not to Understand her ,or even acted as if they did not hear her .
My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she . I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs.Tan..”And my mother was standing beside me ,whispering loudly, “Why he don’t send me cheek already two week late.”
And then , in perfect English I said : “I’m getting rather concerned .You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.”
Then she talked more loudly. “What he want? I come to New York tell him front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I can’t tolerate any more excuse. If I don’t receive the check immediately , I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.”
The next week we ended up in New York. While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real Mrs.Tan, was shouting to his boss in her broken English.
When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world. Why was the author’s mother poorly served?
| A．She was unable to speak good English. |
| B．She was often misunderstood. |
| C．She was not clearly heard. |
| D．She was not very polite. |
From Paragraph 2, we know that the author was .
| A．good a pretending |
| B．rude to the stockbroker |
| C．ready to help her mother |
| D．unwilling to phone for her mother |
After the author made the phone call, .
| A．they forgave the stockbroker |
| B．they failed to get the check |
| C．they went to New York immediately |
| D．they spoke to their boss at once |
What does the author think of her mother’s English now?
| A．It confuses her. |
| B．It embarrasses her. |
| C．It helps her understand the world. |
| D．It helps her tolerate rude people. |
We can inter from the passage that Chinese English .
| A．is clear and natural to non-native speakers |
| B．is vivid and direct to non-native speakers |
| C．has a very bad reputation in America |
| D．may bring inconvenience in America |
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