Cholera is a water-borne disease that is spread through polluted water and food. Cholera is an illness caused by the bacterium. It produces a poison that causes a painless , watery diarrhea( 痢疾) that can quickly lead to severe dehydration（脱水） and death if treatment is not given. Most persons infected with cholera do not become ill, although the bacterium is present in their waste for 7-14 days. When this illness does strike, more than 90% of the time is not severe and is difficult to tell from other types of diarrhea. Less than 10% of sick persons develop cholera with signs of moderate or severe dehydration.
A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food polluted with the cholera bacterium. The disease can spread rapidly in areas without the proper treatment of drinking water. The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in dirty rivers and coastal waters. Shellfish eaten raw have been a source of cholera. Therefore, the disease is not likely to spread directly from one person to another.
Cholera can be simply and successfully treated by immediate replacement of the fluid and salts lost through diarrhea. Patients can be treated by being given a mixture of sugar and salt to be mixed with water and drunk in large amount. Antibiotics(抗生素) shorten the course and decrease the severity of the illness. To avoid cholera, we should eat well-cooked food instead of raw food.If a person infected with cholera less than 7 days，he would probably .
A. die B. become sick C remain healthy D suffer from watery diarrheaWhich statement is true according to the passage?
A Cholera can spread directly from one person to another.
B. Eating raw food can help stop cholera.
C. Cholera is caused by watery diarrhea.
D. Polluted water and food can help spread cholera. Cholera can be treated by .
| A．replacing the blood in the body. |
| B．eating a lot of water mixed with sugar and salt and using antibiotics. |
| C．eating a large amount of sugar and salt |
| D．drinking a lot of water and eating a large amount of food. |
In order to avoid cholera, people should .
A inject antibiotics B eat the food thoroughly cooked
C eat raw food D. avoid meeting other people
Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Let’s have a look．
People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies．We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants．Sometimes，people may get caught with their pants down．They are found doing something they should not be doing．And，in every family，one person takes contro1．Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do．Then we say she wears the pants in the family.
Pants usually have pockets to hold things．Money that is likely to be spent quickly can bum a hole in your pocket．Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants．If you have less money than usual，you may have to tighten your belt.
I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much. l really take my hat off to them. Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I immediately spend it.
Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are too big for their boots think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people.
My father is an important person. He runs a big company. He wears a suit and tie, and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him will think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly. But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve. What is this passage mainly about?
| A．What pants mean in English. | B．Some special English expressions. |
| C．Some funny English expressions. | D．Some expressions related to clothes. |
Which of the following expressions can show someone is nervous?
| A．Get caught with one's pants down. | B．Have ants in one's pants. |
| C．Wear the pants in the family. | D．Bum a hole in one's pocket. |
If we say someone has to tighten his belt, we probably mean he
| A．has done something wrong | B．used to live a rich life |
| C．has put on the wrong pants | D．doesn’t have enough money |
Someone who spends his money at the drop of a hat most probably_
| A．doesn’t save money | B．earns much money |
| C．never wastes his money | D．spends more than he earns |
My friend Robert started a new job this week and he’s been in the training class for two days. The employer has a very strict dress code—dark blue shirts and pants.
On the first day, an older gentleman in his class did not have the proper clothes and he was strictly told that he would be fired if he didn’t have the right clothes the next day. He explained, “Sir, I had not been told about this. Because of my larger size, it’s sometimes difficult to find the right clothing for a price I can afford.”
Last night, Robert and I decided that this old man shouldn’t lose the chance of work simply because he couldn’t afford the clothes. I had some cash on hand and Robert took it with him this morning just in case it was needed.
When training started this morning, the trainer was ready to fire the older gentleman. “You have 10 minutes to be in proper clothes,” he was told. At this point, Robert spoke up and asked if he could have 10 minutes to get him the clothes. He then ran out to the store and bought the proper-sized pants and a shirt; he returned with both and gave them to the older man.
The older gentleman began to cry and told him that he couldn’t accept such a gift from a stranger. Robert told him he had to because he had lost the receipt(收据) and couldn’t return them—a little white lie. The pants were a perfect fit, the shirt was a bit tight but he was able to keep his job.
“My wife and I tried to gather together some money last night, but we didn’t have enough to buy the clothes,” he told Robert. “It’s unbelievable to me that anybody would do such a thing for only knowing me a day!”
More unbelievable is how good it has made Robert and me feel to do this.If the older man did not have the proper clothes, he would _____
| A．be punished | B．be offered another job |
| C．put off the training class | D．lose his job |
The money which was paid for the clothes belonged to _____
| A．the trainer | B．the older man |
| C．the writer | D．Robert |
How did Robert persuade the older man to accept the clothes?
| A．He told the older man that he would lose his job if he did not take them. |
| B．He told a lie that the clothes didn’t fit himself. |
| C．He told the older man that he could save money and return it later. |
| D．He told the older man that he had no way to send them back. |
What might be the best title for the passage?
| A．Proper clothes for a stranger | B．Fight against strict rules |
| C．A strange employer | D．An unbelievable thing |
When TV news programmers report wars or diseases, the editors rarely use the most horrifying pictures of dead or wounded victims because they don’t want to upset their viewers. Even so, viewers are usually warned in advance that they“may find some of these scenes disturbing”, so they can look away if they choose. But the men and women whose job is to record those scenes, the TV cameramen, have no such choice. It is their duty to witness the horrors of the world and record them, no matter how unpleasant they may be. As a result, it is one of the most dangerous, exposed and emotionally taxing jobs the world has to offer.
Today, the demand for their work is rising. The explosion of satellite broadcasting and 24hour news in recent years has created an almost insatiable（不能满足的）demand for TV information. But major broadcaster sand the TV news agencies（部）, such as Reuters and WTN, have never had enough staff（人员）to meet thje worldwide demand for up-to-date pictures, so increasingly they turn to freelance（自由职业的）TV cameramen.
These freelance cameramen are independent operators tied to no particular organization. They will work for any company which hires them, for just a few hours or for several weeks in a war zone. But if the freelance cameraman is injured in the course of the job, the TV company is not responsible for him. The freelance must survive on his own.
“TV will always need hard, vivid and moving pictures which are fresh, but these companies feel uncomfortable with large numbers of employees on their books.”Explains Nik Cowing, once a foreign editor for Britain’s Channel 4 news and now a BBC news presenter.
“By hiring freelancers, they can buy in the skills they need only when they need them. It also enables them to reduce the risk.”He says.In the last sentence of the first paragraph,“taxing”most probably means“ ”.
| A．depressing | B．satisfying |
| C．demanding | D．encouraging |
TV news agencies turn to freelance cameramen in order to .
| A．save expense and avoid（避免）risks |
| B．buy pictures which are the most stimulating（剌激的）to the senses |
| C．look for pictures that are of fine qualities |
| D．get first-hand information and pictures |
The freelance cameramen .
| A．have better skills than other cameramen |
| B．are tied to many TV news agencies |
| C．have to take great risks in the course of work |
| D．need to reduce risks of work for TV companies |
It is implied in the passage that .
| A．TV cameramen have to witness disasters and killings whether they like them or not |
| B．TV cameramen are a special group of people who enjoy horrifying pictures |
| C．TV cameramen should be given greater choice of work |
| D．the development of TV resulted in the growing demand for TV cameramen’s work |
The main idea of the first paragraph is .
| A．TV programs are reducing the use of horrible pictures of death and wound |
| B．it is a requirement of work for TV cameramen to disregard people’s feelings |
| C．it is the duty of TV cameramen to record horrifying scenes |
| D．TV cameramen’s job is extremely dangerous and emotionally taxing |
In some countries in which there is very little rain at any time, the farmers have to irrigate their fields. Irrigation is easy enough if there is a great river near the crops, and if there is plenty of water in it. Canals carry the river water to the fields when necessary. In some seasons there may be too much water in the river, and the water may flood all the land near it. At other times the river water may not be enough for all the farmers, and then it will be difficult to irrigate the fields.
To prevent these difficulties, a dam may be built across the river. This will store water for dry seasons, and in wet seasons it will prevent the flooding of the land. A great lake will, no doubt, be formed behind the dam, and this may mean that houses and fields will be covered with water. Most people will accept that and will be ready to move to other places. Then the country can have the right amount of water at all times; more crops will be grown, there will be more food for everyone, and there will be no more floods.
Dams have been built for centuries in different parts of the world. Modern dame are usually built of concrete（混凝土）but earth dams were used in India and Sri Lanka about 2500 years ago. There was another across the River Tigris very long ago, and large numbers of irrigation canals were made in Iraq to irrigate the land. The Romans were great dam-builders and there was also a famous dam at Ma’ rubin Arabia.
We cannot use sea water for irrigation; the salt will not allow the crops to grow. Fresh water is always needed, and it is very difficult and costly to make fresh water from sea water. This is done in a few countries, but the fresh water is for drinking. There is not enough at present for irrigation. Perhaps a scientist will one day invent a cheaper way of producing fresh water from the sea.The first paragraph mainly talks about .
| A．the problems caused by river water |
| B．the necessity to irrigate the field |
| C．the water shortage in some countries |
| D．the canals carrying water to fields |
A dam is usually built .
| A．to cover the houses and fields |
| B．for people to have the right amount of water at all times |
| C．to grow crops better |
| D．to form a large lake |
The underlined word“that”means .
| A．a dam will be built across the river |
| B．a dam will store water for dry seasons |
| C．in wet seasons a dam will prevent the flooding of the land |
| D．houses and fields will be covered will water |
The third paragraph suggests that .
| A．modern dams are made of concrete |
| B．Romans once built many great dams |
| C．there was too much water in 1rap in the past |
| D．modern dams are better than early dams |
Never give out identifying information such as Name, Home Address, School name, or Telephone Number in a public message such as at a chat room or on bulletin bards. Never send a person a picture of you without first checking with your parents or guardian.
● Never respond to messages or bulletin board items that are: Suggestive / Obscene / Belligerent / Threatening / Make You Feel Uncomfortable.
● Be careful when someone offers you something for nothing, such as gifts and money. Be very careful about any offers that involve your coming to a meeting or having someone visit your house.
● Tell your parents or guardian right away if you come across any information that makes you feel uncomfortable.
● Never arrange a face-to-face meeting without telling your parents or guardian. If your parents or guardian agree to the meeting, make sure that you meet in a public place and have a parent or guardian with you.
● Remember that people online may not be who they seem. Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent him or herself. Thus, someone indicating that“she”is a“12-year-old-girl”could in reality be an older man.
● Be sure that you are dealing with someone that you and your parents know and trust before giving out any personal information about yourself via E-mail.
● Get to know your“online friends”just as you get to know all of your other friends.We can infer from the passage that .
| A．it is not safe to surf the internet |
| B．people now are no longer honest |
| C．we can chat with unfamiliar people online |
| D．people online are not who they are |
Which of the following is right according to the passage?
| A．People online never tell their friends their real names. |
| B．You can often get something free from the internet. |
| C．Your friends online may want to meet you. |
| D．Online friends are not friends at all. |
What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．How to surf the internet. |
| B．Kids shouldn’t surf the internet. |
| C．How to choose online friends. |
| D．How to protect yourselves online. |
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