Bornintoapoorfamily，twooftheDu

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更新 2022-09-03
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Born into a poor family，two of the Durers' children still had a dream for art，but they knew their father could not afford to send either of them to the academy(院校)．
After discussions，the two boys finally agreed to toss a coin．The loser would go to the nearby mines and support his brother while he attended the academy．Then，when the winner completed his studies，he would support the other brother，either with sales of his art work or，if necessary，by working in the mines．So they tossed a coin．Albrecht Durer won the toss and went to Nuremberg．Albert went to the dangerous mines and financed his brother，whose work at the academy was almost an immediate success，and by graduation，he was beginning to earn considerable fees for his works．
When the Durer family held a dinner to celebrate Albrecht's homecoming， Albrecht drank a toast to his brother，“Now，Albert，it is your turn to go to Nuremberg and follow your dream，and I will take care of you．”
Albert wiped the tears from his cheeks，glanced at the faces he loved，and said softly，“No，brother．It is too late for me．Look….look what four years in the mines have done to my hands! The bones in every finger have been broken at least once，and lately I have been suffering from arthritis(关节炎)so badly in my right hand that I cannot even hold a glass to return your toast，much 1ess make lines on canvas(画布)with a pen or a brush．No，brother …for me it is too 1ate．”
Therefore，Albrecht took pains to draw his brother’s injured hands with palms together and thin fingers stretched skyward．The entire world almost immediately opened their hearts to his great masterpiece and named it “The Praying Hands”．
The passage is mainly about

A．the early life of Albrecht Durer

B．the story behind “The Praying Hands”

C．the sacrifice Albrecht made for his brother

D．a young man showing his talent through effort

According to the two brothers’ agreement，．

A．they let the coin decide who would go to the academy first

B．the winner would work at the academy in exchange for the loser’s help

C．the loser would go to the mines and earn money to pay for his own education

D．the winner would work in the mines after graduation in return for the loser's support

Albert refused his brother’s offer because．

A．he was too old to learn drawing

B．he suffered an accident.

C．he was not used to holding a pen or brush

D．his hands were out of shape as a result of hard work

The artist created the masterpiece “The Praying Hands”

A．to show kindness to his poor brother

B．to encourage people to realize their dreams

C．in praise of his brother’s sacrifice and love

D．in honor of his brother as a symbol of working people

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第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to say that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine that now we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
51. By using the example that two people closer in blood relationship are closer in intelligence that writer wants to prove________.
A. intelligence is given at birth
B. intelligence can be developed by environment
C. intelligence can be developed by experience
D. education plays an important part in the development of education
52. A child who lives in rich and varied surroundings turns out higher in intelligence because______.
A. his family is rich and therefore can afford to develop his intelligence
B. he can break the limits of intelligence fixed at birth
C. his family is rich and provides him with various healthy food
D. these surroundings are likely to help him reach the limits of his intelligence
53. The writer of this article believes that_______.
A. the development of one's intelligence is determined by many factors working together
B. environment plays the most important role in the development of intelligence
C. education plays the most important role in the development of intelligence
D. birth plays the most important role in the development of intelligence
54. The best title for this passage might be______.
A. Intelligence B. Birth and Environment
C. The Answer to a Question D. Why Are Some People Born Clever

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There are some very good things about open education .This way of teaching allows students to grow as people ,and to develop their own interests in many subjects .Open education allows students to be responsible for （负责）their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life .Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning .Some students will be happier in an open education school . They will not have to worry about grades or rules .For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.
But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students ，there are too few rules .These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem of getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules .Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it .Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their school.
You now know what open education is .Some of its good points and bad points have been explained .You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects .Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.
67．Open education allows students to________
A．grow as they are educated
B．be responsible for their future
C．develop their own interests
D．discover subjects outside class
68．Some students like open education but some students will do little in an open classroom because___________.
A．there are too few rules
B．they hate activities
C．open education is similar to traditional education
D．they worry about the rules
69．Which of the following is Not mentioned in the passage?
A．Some traditional teachers do not like open education.
B．Many teachers do not believe in open education.
C．Teachers may have problems in open classroom.
D．The teachers’ feelings and attitudes are important to the students.
70．Which of the following can best summarize（总结）the passage?
A．Open education is a really complicated idea.
B．Open education is better than traditional education.
C．Teachers dislike open education.
D．Open education is a good idea in practice.

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Going to the beach is many American’s favorite activity. They went swimming in the ocean without giving a thought to what was underwater. But those days are long gone. In the summer of 1988, many of the beaches had to be closed because garbage（废料）from hospitals was found in the water. The garbage included glass bottles with samples of blood, and people were afraid they might get AIDS from the blood. At some beaches, sewage（下水道）was found in the water. Americans were shocked by this state of affairs. People didn’t think of the underwater garbage because it was out of sight.
Some of the most polluted waters still look beautiful. San Francisco Bay is a good example of a beautiful bay that’s full of chemicals. Scientists discovered pollution in some lakes and rivers when they found fish with rotting skin. People are told not to eat too much fish because of pollution. Most American cities put their garbage in the ground. But New York and a few other cities put their garbage in the ocean. Boston Harbor is so polluted that scientists say it won’t recover until the next century. The government has ordered the city to build a sewage treatment plant, Cleaning up oceans won’t be easy, but people can no longer ignore（忽视）this challenge.
63. The main idea of the article is that _____.
A. ocean waters around America have become polluted.
B. Americans are bringing too much garbage to the beach.
C. beaches were closed because Americans were shocked.
D. going to the beach is many American’s favorite activity.
64. The oceans are polluted by _____.
A. swimmers, AIDS patients and fish.
B. Boston, San Francisco and New York only.
C. garbage, sewage and medical waste and so on.
D. swimmers and fishes
65. Many polluted waters are beautiful because _____.
A. chemicals can be beautiful.
B. they have been cleaned up.
C. pollution is underwater or hard to see.
D. there are still many fish in them
66. More people can go to the beaches near Boston if _____.
A. the city puts its garbage in the ground
B. a sewage plant is built
C. they don’t eat too much fish
D. they stop polluting the water

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A man once said how useless it was to put advertisements in the newspapers, “Last week,” said he, “my umbrella was stolen from a London church. As it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but didn't get it back.”
“How did you write your advertisement?” asked one of the listeners, a merchant.
“Here it is,” said the man, taking out of his pocket a slip cut from a newspaper. The man took it and read, “Lost from the City Church last Sunday evening, a black silk umbrella. The gentleman who finds it will receive ten shillings on leaving it at No. 10 Broad Street.”
“Now,” said the merchant, “I often advertise, and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is often very importance. Let us try for your umbrella again. and if it fails, I'll buy you a new one.”
The merchant then took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote: “If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening doesn't wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known.”
This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors that had been thrown in, and his own was among the number. Many of them had notes fastened to them saying that they had been taken by mistake and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.
60. The result of the first advertisement was that ______.
　　A. the man got his umbrella back
　 B. the man wasted some money advertising
　　C. nobody found the missing umbrella
　　D. the umbrella was found somewhere near the Church
61. “If it fails, I’ll buy you a new one .” suggested that____.
　　A. he was quite sure of success
　　B. he was not sure whether he would get the umbrella hack
　　C. he was rich enough to afford a new umbrella
D. he did not know what to do
62. This is a story about _____.
　　A. a useless advertisement
　　B. how to make an effective(有效) advertisement
　　C. how the man lost and found his umbrella
　　D. what the merchant did for the umbrella owner

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第四部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong to take care of what you eat.
There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk（酸奶）. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.
It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired in these days and you can not think quickly.
Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.
56. Which of the following is a good eating habit?
A. Going to school without any breakfast
B. Eating fish and chips for supper all the time..
C. Having at least one food from all four groups each meal.
D. Having different food from all four food groups.
57. In this passage the writer mainly tells us that _____.
A. every person needs food to grow well
B. taking exercise can keep your body strong
C. the right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy
D. enough energy helps people think more quickly
58. The underlined word “dairy” in the second passage means _____.
A. the food made out of cows such as milk and butter
B. she shop that sells milk and butter
C. a farm where cows are kept
D. a place where milk products are made.
59. The best title for this passage is _____.
A. The Four Food Groups B. A Healthy Diet
C. Your Body And Food D. Food And Your Health

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