Have you ever heard an echo of your voice?
An echo is a reflected(反射)sound. Stand in a very large, empty hall with nothing on the walls. Then shout. The sounds you make will hit the walls and come back to you. The walls reflect the sounds. These reflected sounds are called “echoes”.
We can use reflected sound to make sound travel farther. Hold a watch about fifty centimeters from your ear. You cannot hear it. The sound of the watch travels a short way in all directions. It does not travel as far as your ear. You can make it travel to your ear by using a roll of cardboard(纸板筒).
Make the roll of cardboard about fifty centimeters long. Put one end over your ear and hold the watch at the other. Now you can hear the watch because the sound has not gone in all directions. It is reflected down the roll to your ear.
A megaphone(喇叭筒)works in the same way. It makes sound travel farther. It reflects the sound into a beam which can travel a long way. In the ship, the sailor uses the megaphone to make his voice travel. Without the megaphone, his voice cannot travel far.
We use reflected sound in many ways. We use it to measure the depth of the sea, for example. Among the animals, bats and whales use reflected sound to tell them where they are and what things are near them. Which is the right order of hearing our echo in a very large, empty hall?
a. We hear the reflected sound b. The sound returns to us
c. The sound hits the walls d. We make a sound
| A．c, b, a, d | B．c, a, b, d | C．d, c, b, a | D．d, b, c, a |
. From the text we learn that __________ .
| A．reflected sound is useful only to blind people |
| B．people haven’t made use of reflected sound yet |
| C．bats use reflected sound to fly and get food |
| D．whales don’t use reflected sound as they live in the sea |
If you haven’t got a megaphone, ____ will help you to make your voice travel farther.
| A．a long piece of wood | B．a roll of cardboard |
| C．a thin thread | D．a long piece of silk |
Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文)
For many years the United States and the other countries used gold and silver as money. Paper money was used to stand for the holdings(储备)of both gold and silver. The value of silver was limited to that of gold. Fifteen ounces(盎司) of silver had the same value of one ounce of gold. These values did not change until after 1860 when mines(银矿)in the west of the United States began to 1 large amounts of silver. This extra amount of silver caused the price of silver to 2 . Then fifteen ounces of silver would no longer buy one ounce of gold. In 1871 Germany declared(宣布)that it would not support its paper money with silver any more. Instead, it would use only gold. Other countries of Europe quickly 3 the same. The United States passed a law in 1973 that prevented the government from using silver as money. Western silver producers protested(抗议)loudly and put much pressure on the 4 makers. Five years later a new law was 5 . It said that the government must buy four and half million ounces of silver each month. The new law increased the amount of silver money. The country had two kinds of quite different views on the issue(发行)silver money. Businessmen, bankers and other rich men wanted to 6 the use of silver money because it made the dollar less valuable. But farmers, laborers and the others who owned the money not only wanted silver money but also wanted an unlimited supply of it.
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Choose the best answer (根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Traditionally, the President is the highest-pad public employee. A salary of $ 400,000, along with other benefits, is paid to the President annually. But President Obama’s income for 2008 was far more than that, according to the White House.
The White House recently published the tax returns (纳税申报单)of Obama and Vice –president Joe Biden. Tax returns are reports of tax that a person has to pay. They often include income information used to calculate the tax. In the US, people whose incomes are over a certain amount have to file tax returns(纳税申报)every year. The tax returns of government officials are open to the public. This transparency helps to prevent corruption(腐败)。
From Obama’s tax returns , we can see that the President and first lady President’s two books Dreams From My Father and The Audacity of Hope(《无畏的梦想》). The two books, published in 1995 and 2006,are very popular and have been on the bestseller(畅销书)list for a long time.
The Obama’s income is down from 2007,when they made ＄4.2 million. However, that is still far more than former US President George Bush earned, who reported a total of ＄719,274 for his final year. The Obamas’ income also greatly exceeded(超出)that of Biden, who reported a family income of ＄2269,256.That’s about a tenth of what the Obamas earned. As Vice-president, Biden earns a salary of ＄220,000.US families earn an average income of about ＄50,000.
The Obama’s tax returns also show that together, the President and his wife paid about ＄933,000 in taxes. They gave $172,050 —nearly 6.5 percent of their earnings —to different charity groups. In the US, if a person gives his money to churches and non-profit(非盈利)organizations, the law reduces his or her taxes. This is one reason why rich people in the US like to give money to charity.
_______had the highest income in 2008.
| A．Obama | B．Biden | C．Bush | D．George |
How much did Obama and his wife earn in 2008?
| A．$400,000 | B．$2,660,000 | C．$4,200,000 | D．$719,274 |
In the US, which people have to file tax returns?
| A．Everybody |
| B．Wealthy people |
| C．Government officials |
| D．People whose incomes are over a certain amount. |
The Obamas have given_______ percent of their earnings to charity.
| A．10 | B．6.5 | C．9.7 | D．4.3 |
Why should the tax returns of government officials be open to the public?.
| A．Because it can help to prevent corruption |
| B．Because it can make government officials well-known to the public. |
| C．Because it can help government officials to get more money. |
| D．Because the government wants them to pay more taxes to the public. |
According to the law, if a rich man gives his money to charity,_______.
| A．he will be praised by the people |
| B．he will pay fewer taxes |
| C．he will be free of taxes |
| D．he will get some extra money from the government. |
请仔细阅读以下五个段落，然后从A到F六个选项中选出和每个段落对应的内容。其中有一项多余。
请阅读以下五个人的信息，然后为他们选择最适合的一处地方：Joe comes from Moscow. He has studied in Beijing for two years. So he misses his hometown very much. He hopes to go to a city where he can find the feeling of returning home.
Mary is an American girl. She likes going shopping. This year she’ll graduate from a famous Chinese college. So she is planning to travel to a city where she may find a job.
Henry is from Canada. He is interested in surfing and diving. But the city in which he is living is far from the sea. So he is expecting to get to a place where he can do these activities and taste bananas and pineapples.
Rosa comes from Britain. She cannot stand hot weather. And she thinks some Chinese cities have too much pollution. So she wants to go somewhere clean and peaceful.
Timmy comes from Japan. He has great interest in taking photos. He is looking forward to staying close to nature. He even wants to take a boat while taking photos. However, he doesn’t like hot food.
| A |
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City: Lhasa Temperature in July:15-17℃ Attractions: blue sky, fresh air and wonderful dances |
| B |
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City: Harbin Temperature in July: 24-30℃ Attractions: some old buildings in Russian style |
| C |
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City: Chongqing Temperature in July: 28-30℃ Attractions: tall mountains, hot food and friendly people. |
| D |
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City: Hong Kong Temperature in July: 29-30℃ Attractions: nice and cheap clothes, all kinds of tasty food and chances to find good jobs. |
| E |
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City: Guilin Temperature in July: 29-30℃ Attractions: fantastic hills, clean rivers and many other natural sights. |
| F |
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City: Sanya Temperature in July: 27-32℃ Attractions: exciting water sports, lovely beaches and great tropical fruit. |
Everyone has got two personalities（性格）-the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control your behavior, but when you’re asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their positions. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.
If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don’t like to displease people. So you never express your real feelings. You’re quite shy and you aren’t quite sure of yourself.
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you’re always easily upset. You always stick to your own opinions or judgment, but you don’t raise your hopes too much. You usually live for today not tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time.
If you sleep curled up（蜷缩）, you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and so you’re often defensive. You’re shy and you don’t normally like meeting people. You prefer to be on your own. You’re easily hurt.
If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well—balanced（平衡的） personality. You know your strengths and weakness. You’re usually careful. You believe in yourself. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don’t often get sad. You always say what you think even if it makes people rather angryYou may find the passage in .
A. a science magazine B A guide book
C. a sports newspaper D. a story bookWhen does the sleeping position best show your secret personality?
| A．In the daytime | B．At the beginning of sleep |
| C．At night | D．During the deep sleep |
Tina hardly tells her secrets to her friends. She probably goes to sleep .
| A．on curled up | B．on her stomach | C．on her back | D．on her side |
What does the word “defensive” mean in the passage?
| A．易怒的 | B．攻击性的 | C．外向的 | D．有戒心的 |
What does the passage tell us?
Sleeping on your side is the best way of sleeping
Changing positions will cause sleeping problems.
Sleeping positions show people’s secret personalities.
Enough sleep makes people look better and healthier.
Jerry Green went to spend a year at the South Pole Station (南极站)as the only doctor in 1998 when she 47. While working at the station that March. she discovered that there was a hard lump (肿块) in her stomach. She knew it was cancer, but she wasn’t able to go to a doctor for help. She couldn’t leave the station for the next seven until the snow thawed. Dr. Green didn’t wait for the death. But decided to fight against the cancer. She tried to about the lump to a hospital in the United States. The doctors said it was cancer. Without the proper wouldn’t live for long. Soon a USA airplane came to provide her with some help. She started her own treatments(治疗)after getting instructions from American doctors. She finally spent the long winter there before she returned home that October .Since then, she had become a incubus in support of cancer charities. She also wrote a best-selling book called Ice Bound.
Sadly, Dr. Green’s cancer finally returned. She died on June 23.2009.Jerry Green discovered that she bad a bard lump in her stomach in .
A. March.1998 B. May. 1998 CJune.2009 D. July,2009What does the underlined word" thawed "mean in Chinese?
| A．形成 | B．堆积 | C．融化 | D．覆盖 |
When did she start her own treatments?
| A．After searching the Internet. |
| B．After getting instructions from A merit an doctors. |
| C．After hearing from her paw law |
| D．After becoming a member in support of cancer charities. |
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
| A．Dr. Green decided to give up the treatments. |
| B．She sent the information about the lump to a hospital in the United Stales. |
| C．She wrote a book called Ice Bound. |
| D．Dr Green died of cancer. |
What does the writer feel about Dr. Green’s death?
A. exciting B. Happy. C Sad D. Pleased
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