Dogs are friends of man. They work for us. They hunt with us. They also play with us. But a long time ago, all over the world, dogs were wild. Dogs can go back to the Stone Age. All dogs had the same ancestor (祖先). It is believed that this ancestor was much like a wolf. Other animals, like fox, also came from this ancestor. Thousands of years ago, man began to tame (使驯服) the wild dogs. When the dogs were tamed, they were trained well. The strong dogs then became working animals. They were trained to pull heavy loads (担子). They learned to keep watching over sheep and other animals. Working dogs could do other things, too. Some dogs were not strong. But they could help man hunt. Other dogs were best at pets. At first, there were only a few kinds of dogs. Today, there are more than 100 kinds.The word “wild” in the first paragraph means ___.
| A．温顺的 | B．野生的 | C．凶残的 | D．善良的 |
Dogs can go back to the Stone Age. Here “go back” means ___.
| A．追溯到 | B．回来 | C．违背 | D．返回去 |
From this passage, we know that ___.
| A．all the animals have the same ancestor |
| B．all dogs are as wild as they were many years ago |
| C．man has helped change dogs |
| D．animals never change |
What jobs can dogs do?
| A．Keep watching over sheep. | B．Hunt with man. |
| C．Pull heavy loads. | D．All the above. |
The main idea of the whole story is that ___.
| A．man and dogs have the same ancestor |
| B．all animals are too wild to be man’s friends |
| C．dogs and man have been friends for a long time |
| D．people like to keep foxes as pets because they are tamer |
阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．
Sing a Song of People by Lois Lenski
Sing a song of people Walking fast or slow； People in the city Up and down they go． 5 People on the sidewalk， People on the bus； People passing，passing， In back and front of us． People on the subway 10 Underneath the ground． People riding taxis Round and round and round． People with their hats on， Going in the doors； 15 People with umbrellas When it rains and pours． |
People in tall buildings And in stores below； Riding elevators 20 Up and down they go． People walking singly， People in a crowd； People saying nothing， People talking loud． 25 People laughing，smiling， Grumpy people too； People who just hurry And never look at you! Sing a song of people 30 Who like to come and go； Sing of city people You see but never ____! |
（1）The poem is about a city．
A．beautiful
B．busy
C．rainy
D．small
（2）In Line 21， the word "singly" means ．
A．alone
B．fast
C．slowly
D．quietly
（3）According to the poem， the best word for the blank is ．
A．borrow
B．throw
C．know
D．allow
Brandon Forest Park is a place of interest． This large woodland is home to many birds and other wildlife． It's open all year round to visitors．
In the centre of the park is the Forest Shop and Cafe． You can buy maps in the shop and there are all kinds of gifts and souvenirs on sale as well．
The Cafe is open from 9 a．m．to 7 p．m． on Saturday and Sunday． It is open from 9 a．m．to 3 p．m． from Monday to Friday． But on Wednesday it's shut all day．
There's also a large area for visitors to enjoy a picnic lunch． But please don't throw rubbish．
Bicycles are for hire （租用）．For an hour it costs ﹩3.5 and for half a day it's ﹩9.79．
Special events are held at the park during the summer． There's going to be an outdoor play， a concert and a horse﹣riding race this summer．
More information about the park can be found on our website www．brandonforestpark．com．
Brandon Forest Park Forest Shop and cafe The shop sells （1） ， gifts and souvenirs． The Cafe is not open on（2） ． Picnic area （3） is not allowed． Bicycle hire ﹩3.5anhour，﹩（4） half a day． Summer events An outdoor play， a （5） and a horse﹣riding race． For more information， visit www．brandonforestpark．com． |
On March 10，2019，eight﹣year﹣old Tani won the New York Chess Championship （纽约象棋冠军赛）of his age group． But the boy， who was homeless at the time， began learning the game less than a year ago．
Tani and his family arrived in New York City from Africa in 2017． A church helped him enter the primary school， P．S.116． Here the gifted boy was first introduced to chess by a part﹣time teacher Makofsky， owner of a chess club． Interested in the game， the seven﹣year﹣old asked his mother to allow him to join the club． Not able to afford the chess classes， she emailed Makofsky． To her surprise and joy， Makofsky agreed that Tani could learn it for free．
Though the chess club helps， it's largely believed that Tani's success lies in his hard work． The boy practices the game for many hours a day on the floor with his board． Every Saturday， Tani goes to a free 3﹣hour class to improve his game skills．
Not surprisingly，Tani's story， first reported by The New York Times， has brought him great support from the American public． Soon after the young boy won the New York Championship， Makofsky began a GoFundMe activity for Tani and his family so that he could continue his chess journey． It raised ＄200，000 in just ten days， far more than they expected． And the money keeps coming． But the family donates （捐赠）most of the money to the church and to those poor families!
Tani has also received offers from three famous private schools in New York． However， the family have politely refused all of them and chosen to continue Tani's education at P．S.116．
The young boy's story also caught the eye of Bill Clinton，the 42nd US President． "Tani，you're an example of a winning spirit ﹣ in chess and in life． I'd love to meet you，" he said on his Facebook．
While excited about his new life，Tani is ready to meet great challenges （挑战）．He is busy preparing for the 2019 National Primary Championships． Winning the competition will bring the chess player closer to his dream of becoming the world's youngest chess grandmaster （大师）． The record has been kept for 17 years by the Russian chess player Karjakin， who won the title at the age of 12．
（1）Tani began to learn chess at the age of ．
A．seven
B．eight
C．nine
D．twelve
（2）Paragraph 3 is mainly about ．
A．where Tani practises chess
B．how hard Tani works at chess
C．what Tani's mother does for him
D．how much the chess club helps
（3）After winning the New York Championship， Tani ．
A．hoped to see Bill Clinton
B．went to a famous private school
C．became the richest boy in New York
D．got much support from the society
（4）The writer mentions the Russian chess player Karjakin to ．
A．call on young people to learn chess
B．introduce his great achievements in chess
C．show it's a big challenge for Tani to realize his dream
D．tell people Tani has been the world's best chess player
In the park，you see a group of people，all looking up at the sky． Without thinking about it， you look upwards， too． Why？ In the concert，someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in． You do， too． Why？
Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others． The more people follow an idea， the better or truer we think the idea is． It's the social proof （社会认同感）that works．
The scientist Asch carried out an experiment． It shows how social proof can influence us． In a room， a man is shown Line 1，and next to it are three lines （A，B，C）． A is longer，C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1． He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1． When the man is alone，he gives the correct answer B． Then， five other men enter the room， and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to． Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C． Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）．
Why do we act like this？Well，in the past， following others was a way to keep from danger．Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends．Suddenly，they all ran away．What would you have done？ Would you have stayed？ No，you would have run，too．We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action． It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now．
Social proof has special power．The advertising industry，for example，often makes use of it．So be careful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular"．
（1）At the beginning of the passage， the writer leads in the topic by ．
A．telling a story
B．giving examples
C．answering questions
D．showing a map
（2）According to Paragraph 3， the experiment by Asch shows ．
A．following others is always right
B．social proof may change people's ideas
C．it's difficult to carry out the experiment
D．people can study better if they are alone
（3）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 4 refers to ．
A．running with others
B．hunting with friends
C．copying others' action
D．doing something different
（4）According to the passage，we can infer （推断）that ．
A．it's important to run with others anytime
B．products in the advertisement are the best
C．we mustn't copy others' action to keep safe
D．we need to think twice before following others
It was Day 1 of our vacation on Cortes， a beautiful quiet island． "iPhone， iPhone， iPhone，" my son kept moaning （呻吟）． In front of him was a big window facing the blue ocean． And a cool gentle wind was coming in from the door． Clearly， he saw and felt none of it．
Back at home， I'd soon give up and hand the phone over to him after five minutes of listening to this kind of moaning．
But not here，Before we left，I had told my 10﹣year﹣old son the rule ﹣﹣ no emails，no Facebook，no video games， and no iPhone． We came here to get away from them all． Here we were on our first day and already， he couldn't stand it．
▲I walked down the grass road to the beach and looked out to the sea． My 6﹣year﹣old daughter and my husband were drawing on pieces of wood． They were doing just fine．
On Day 2，we spent the whole morning digging for shells （贝壳）．This time， my son joined us． He collected shellfish and other sea treasures． When we got back to our little wood house， I gave my son a book， and put him on the lovely garden chair． It was almost dinner when he looked up．
The next few days passed in peace．
On Day 6， my son was lying beside me on the beach， watching the sun going down． He was playing with the sand． And there was something shining in his eyes． I realized how time slowed down for both of us． It was exactly what I wanted． Finally， we were able to sit quietly without thinking about screens， phone calls and e﹣mail．
A week away from all the electronics and life is good．
（1）What is the special rule for the writer's vacation？
A． They couldn't use their electronics．
B． They must keep quiet and stay in the house．
C． They had to spend their vacation on an island．
D． They should collect as many shells as possible．
（2）Which of the following can be put in "▲'' in Paragraph 4？
A． I felt really tired and went to bed．
B． I closed the door and stayed with him．
C．I just walked outside to leave him alone．
D．I gave him his iPhone and let him stay inside．
（3）The change of the son's feelings can be described as ．
A．angry →surprised→proud
B．excited→peaceful→bored
C．worried→angry→hopeful
D．bored→peaceful→pleased
（4）The best title for the passage can be ．
A． A Terrible Life on the Island
B． A Special iPhone for My Son
C． A Fight between Mother and Son
D． A Vacation Away from Electronics
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