Asayounggirl,MargaretMattieKni

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
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As a young girl, Margaret “Mattie” Knight never played with dolls, preferring to make toys for her brothers instead. In 1849, Knight went to work in a cotton factory where she witnessed a “shuttle,” a device that carries thread back and forth across a textile loom（纺布机）, fly off the machine when the thread broke, striking and killing a young boy about her own age.
The 12-year-old Knight developed a safety mechanism that made it impossible for a shuttle to leave the loom. The design was so effective, soon virtually every new power loom carried her invention, saving countless workers from injury or death. Being so young, she didn’t bother to patent the device, so she never received payment.
Knight wouldn’t make the same mistake later in life when she invented a machine that could produce flat-bottomed paper bags. Knight had built a small wooden model in her home, but she needed a metal version to show it could hold up to the stress of mass production. So she hired Charles Annan to make the full-sized machine for her, only to have him try to claim the patent for himself. When Knight sued（起诉）, Annan’s argument was that the design had to be his, because no woman could possibly understand the complex mechanics. Knight proved him wrong when she brought back her wooden prototype and explained how every part worked. She won the case in 1871, making her the second woman to hold an American patent. Over a hundred years later, her design is still used as the basis for many modern flat-bottom bag machines.
But that wasn’t the last the world heard of Mattie Knight. During her lifetime, she made about 90 inventions and received 26 patents, becoming one of the most productive female inventors of the 19th century.
We can learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.

A．Knight behaved like boys	B．Knight had an unhappy childhood
C．Knight did a poor job of making toys	D．Knight liked inventing things as a child

What do we know about Knight’s first invention?

A．It is still used today.	B．It brought her great profit.
C．It was made when he was 20.	D．It reduced injuries at textile plants.

Knight sued Charles Annan because he _______.

A．stole the wooden model for the machine she invented.

B．failed to make the full-sized machine for her

C．tried to patent her invention for himself

D．kept the metal version for himself

What would be the best title for the text?

A．Mattie Knight’s fight for her patent	B．A great woman in the 19^th century
C．“The female Edison”, Mattie Knight	D．Great inventions, great woman

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B
A beautiful and very successful actress (女演员) was the star for a new musical show. Her home was in the countryside, but she did not want to go back there every night, so she bought an expensive house in the centre of the city, got some beautiful furniture (家具) and got a man to paint the rooms in new colours.
It was very difficult to get tickets for her show, because everybody wanted to see it. So she decided to give the painter two of the best seats. She hoped that this would make him work better for her. He took the tickets without saying anything, and she heard no more about them until the end of the month, when she got the painter’s bill (账单). At the bottom of it were these words: “ Four hours watching Miss Hall sing and dance: 3 pounds,” with this note: “After 5 p.m., I get 15 shillings (先令) an hour instead of 10 shillings.”
60. The actress bought a house in the centre of the city because ______.
A. she liked to live in the busiest place
B. she didn’t like to live in the country
C. her home was far away from where she worked
D. she didn’t want to go back to her hometown any longer
61. In order to make the painter work better for her, the actress ________.
A. gave him two tickets for her show     B. sang and danced for him for hours
C. paid him 3 pounds                 D. decided to pay him 15 shillings an hour
62. The actress got the painter’s bill ________.
A. to ask for the money of his painting work
B. to ask to pay for his watching her show
C. in which he showed his thanks for the tickets
D. in which he expressed his dissatisfaction
63. What kind of man was the painter?
A. He was a careful man.            B. He was a poor man.
C. He was not friendly to others.      D. He knew little about music and dances.

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第三部分：阅读理解（每小题2分，满分40分）
A
Hello, Listeners. Welcome to Henton Hospital Radio. Before our music programme at four, I’m going to repeat some of our hospital rules.
The hospital can sleep 800 patients. There’re 8 beds in each ward (病房). The visiting hours are in the afternoon from 2:30 to 3:30 and in the evening from 7:00 to 8:00. But remember only two people can see you at the same time. Sorry about that, but you can see what would happen if we didn’t have these rules.
The other rules are about our hours. We start quite early---you might not be used to that. We wake you at 6 o’clock, and breakfast is at 8 o’clock, lunch is at noon.
There’s tea at 3:30 and supper is at 6 o’clock.
You can see the non-smoking sign –-- we don’t allow smoking in the wards. I’m sure you understand why. However, if you do need to smoke, there are some smoking rooms where It is allowed.
You will find the radio switch (开关) on the wall near your bed, with your own headphones, if you want to listen. It’s our own hospital radio wishing you a quick recovery (康复).
56. Who do you think the listeners might be?
A. Patients.     B. Visitors.    C. Doctors     D. Nurses
57. How many wards are there in this hospital?
A. 8       B. 80      C. 100      D. 800
58. Which is Not allowed in the hospital?
A. Listening to the hospital radio.               B. Visiting patients in the morning.
C. Smoking in smoking-rooms.               D. Getting up early in the morning.
59. What programme will follow this radio talk?
A. Hospital rules. B. A weather report.   C. A free talk.     D. A music programme.

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D
Men usually want to have their own way. They want to think and act as they like. No one, however, can have his own way all the time. A man cannot live in society without considering the interests(利益) of others as well as his own interests. “Society” means a group of people with the same laws and the same way of life. People in society may make their own decisions, but these decisions ought not to be unjust(不公平) or harmful to others. One man’s decisions may so easily harm another person. For example, a motorist may be in a hurry to get to a friend’s house. He sets out, driving at full speed like a competitor in a motor race. There are other vehicles and also pedestrians (行人) on the road. Suddenly there is a crash. There are screams and confusion. One careless motorist has struck another car. The collision(碰撞) has injured two of the passengers and killed the third. Too many road accidents happen through the thoughtlessness of selfish drivers.
We have governments, the police and the law courts to prevent or to punish such criminal acts. But in addition, all men ought to observe certain rules of conduct. Every man ought to behave with consideration for other men. He ought not to steal, cheat, or destroy the property(财产) of others. There is no place of this sort of behavior in a civilized society.
1. A man cannot have his own way all the time because________.
A. he may have no interest in other people
B. he has to share the same interest with the people in the same society
C. his decisions are always unjust         D. his decisions always harm other people
2. According to the passage, people in a civilized society should usually______.
A. be honest to each other                   B. be cautions in doing everything
C. behave in a responsible way            D. punish criminal acts
3. The purpose of this passage is to_________.
A. tell people how to behave in society
B. illustrate the importance of laws
C. teach people how to prevent criminal acts
D. persuade people not to make their own decisions
4. It is implied that there will be fewer road accidents if_______.
A. the drivers are more considerate(体贴的) of other people
B. there are fewer cars or walkers in the street
C. the motorists are not always in a hurry
D. the passengers are calm but not confused before the accidents
5. We can draw a conclusion that_______.
A. the government should contribute more efforts
B. the criminals should be more severely punished
C. man should be more strict with himself
D. man should have more and more similar interests

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C
Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States, covering a wide area with its alkali(强碱) sand. Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level, and Bad water, a salt water pool, is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.
Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”---- the land of fire. Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849, when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story. Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily. Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.
Here nature created a lot of surprising scenes, almost like the sights on the moon, ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about, showing the most unusual colors. One of the most astonishing and variable(变化的) parts of Death Valley is the Devil’s Golf Course, where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams. Sand sculptures stand on a frightening ground, as evening shadows move and lengthen.
1. ______ is the lowest place in the desert.
A. Tomesha           B. Death Valley             C. Nevada             D. Badwater
2. The present name of the valley comes from_______.
A. an Indian name                                     B. the death of miners
C. the local people                                     D. a National Movement
3. From the passage we can learn that______.
A. no one had ever known the desert before the miners
B. it’s still not easy to travel across the desert
C. people can find gas stations, cafes and hotels in the desert
D. people have changed the natural sight of the desert
4. Devil Golf Course is famous for______.
A. the frequent wind                                  B. the colors of the sand
C. dream-like sights                                   D. the sand sculptures
5. From the passage we can see that the writer_____ Death Valley.
A. appreciates        B. is fearful of                     C. dislikes             D. is tired of

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B
All of us eat every day, but most of us don’t understand nutrition. We often make mistakes in talking about good diet.
For example, many people think that foods such as rice, bread and potatoes will make one grow fat. In fact, these foods are very good to one’s health. They are good sources of many vitamins. And in comparison with steak and beef, they contain less amount of calories.
Some people don’t like canned(罐装的) or frozen vegetables, because they think fresh vegetables cooked at home are always better. This is again wrong. In fact, whether the vegetables are good or not depends more on how they are prepared. Overcooking, for example, destroys good qualities of vegetables. Vegetables cooked in too much water can use a large amount of vitamins.
It is widely believed extra vitamins provide more energy. But taking more than the body needs doesn’t make it function better.
It is also wrong to say that vegetables grown in poor, worn-out soil are lower in vitamins than vegetables grown in rich soil. The vitamins in our foods are in the plants themselves. They don’t come from the soil. However, the minerals(矿物质) in a plant depend on the minerals in the soil.
In short, there are many false ideas about nutrition. We need to correct them.
1. This passage is mainly about_______.
A. nutrition B. vitamins C. vegetables D. health
2. Rice, bread and potatoes do good to people’s health mainly because_______.
A. they make people fat B. there are lot of vitamins in them
C. they contain less amount of calories compared with steak and beef.
D. both B and C.
3. Why don’t some people like canned or frozen vegetables? Because______.
A. they think fresh vegetables contain less vitamins
B. they think fresh vegetables contain more vitamins than the canned or frozen ones
C. they don’t think the canned or frozen vegetables are fresh
D. they don’t think the canned or frozen vegetables taste as good as the fresh ones
4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Many people know almost everything about nutrition.
B. Food such as rice, bread and potatoes make people fat.
C. vegetables grown in poor worn-out soil may have the same amount of vitamins as vegetables grown in rich soil.
D. extra vitamins provide less energy.
5. The point of the passage is that______.
A. the minerals in a plant depend on the minerals in the soil
B. people make mistakes when talking about good diet
C. taking more vitamins than the body needs doesn’t make it function better
D. vegetables cooked in too much water can lose a large amount of vitamins

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