Forgetchipfat,sugarcaneorrapes

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更新 2022-09-03
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Forget chip fat, sugar cane or rapeseed oil — the latest source of biofuel could be watermelons. Scientists have discovered that the fruit is a great source of sugar that can be readily distilled (蒸馏) into alcohol to power cars and farm machinery.
And sellers reject 360,000 tons of “substandard” fruit every year in America alone which could be used as an economical way to make fuel. The waste from US growers could produce nearly two million gallons (nine million litres) of biofuel per year.
In the study, researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture set out to determine the biofuel potential of juice from rejected watermelons —those not sold due to cosmetic imperfections, and currently ploughed back into the field. About a fifth of each yearly watermelon crop is left in the field because of surface blemishes (瑕疵) or because they are misshapen.
Dr. Wayne Fish, who led the team, found that 50 percent of the fruit was fermentable (可发酵的) into alcohol which could provide valuable fuel.
“We’ve shown that the juice of these watermelons is a source of readily fermentable sugars, representing an unexploited raw material for alcohol biofuel production,” he said.
The study, published in the journal Biotechnology for Biofuels, discovered that watermelons could produce around 20 gallons of fuel per acre from fruit that otherwise would go to waste.
Production of biofuels has been targeted by Western governments as a way to support renewable energy targets.
The European Union has a target for 2010 that 5.75 percent of transport fuels should come from biological sources, but the target is unlikely to be met.
The British government’s Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation requires five percent of the fuel sold at the pump by 2010 to be biofuel.
The passage mainly tells us ______.

A．watermelon juice will be the largest source of renewable energy

B．the advantages of fuel made from watermelons

C．Western countries aim at producing biofuels

D．watermelons could be used to make fuel

It can be learned from the text that ______.

A．about two gallons of fuel could be made from rejected fruit per acre

B．sellers in the world throw away 360,000 tons of watermelons every year

C．half of the watermelons were fermentable into alcohol to provide energy

D．five percent of fuel is required to be biofuel from watermelons by 2010 in Britain

The underlined word “cosmetic” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.

A．fresh

B．sweet

C．surface

D．inside

We can infer from the passage that ______.

A．it will cost a lot to make biofuel from watermelons

B．Western countries are engaged in biofuel study but still have a long way to go

C．watermelon juice has been used as a source of sugars to produce alcohol biofuel

D．the European Union is likely to meet its target of transport fuels from biological sources

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第三部分：阅读理解：（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Cook wanted for Busy London Restaurant
Experience (经历) required (需要).
Call Tom 020 0451 87.

Dance teacher
We are looking for a dance and singing teacher to teach 4 to 7-year-old children. You only work three hours on Saturdays. You should have teaching experience. Send a CV (求职信) to Steve Reed, 9 Lenton Close, London or telephone 020 8334 47.

Babysitter（保姆）needed
Friendly family needs someone to look after 2 small children.
Some light housework.
Good pay.
Live in our house.
Tel: Mrs. Smith 020 0562 78

Waiters required
Have restaurant knowledge and some bar experience. You will need to love learning new things.
Tel: Cathy 020 4563 12

1. Which job needs you to be able to sing?
A. Babysitter.         B. Dance teacher.       C. Cook.          D. Waiter.
2. What kind of job can Jack do if he cooked in a restaurant from 1998 to 2004?
A. Babysitter.        B. Waiter.           C. Cook.          D. Dance teacher.
3. John has just come to London from another city. She needs a place to live in.
So she may call________________.
A. 020 0451 87      B. 020 4563 12         C. 020 0562 78     D. 020 8334 47

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Liu Xiang, a 21-year-old Chinese athlete, got the gold medal of the fascinating men’s 110m hurdles before a crowd of 70,000 at the Olympic Stadium in the 28th Olympics in Athens late Friday local time. He clocked an excellent 12.91 seconds to equal the world record set by Britain’s Collin Jackson in 1993.
It is the first gold Chinese men’s athlete has ever won from the track and field in the Olympics history. China has won over 100 gold medals from the summer Olympic Games since 1984 but its male athletes only got one medal from Olympics’ most popular sport, the track and field.
The Shanghai native, with his father a truck driver and mother an out-of-work housewife, loved sports when he was very little. Liu was selected to the Junior Sports School of Putuo District of Shanghai to practice jumping as a fourth grader in the primary school. But after a bone test showing that he will not be able to become a tall man, Liu was asked to give up sports one year later, although he had won the national champion at that level.
In 1998 when he attracted coach Sun Haiping’s attention as a 15-year-old jumper, Sun was a well-known hurdle coach and he believed a star was born at the first sight of Liu. He visited Liu’s parents several times and finally persuaded them to let Liu transfer to the 110m hurdles.
After only three years, Liu launched his career in style in the IAAF Grand Prix in Lausanne in 2001 by breaking the world youth and Asian record with a time of 13.12.
But the first warning he sent to the world was his bronze-winning feat（战绩）at the world indoor championships in Birmingham, England, last year.
In 2004, Liu won the silver in the world indoor championships in Budapest in March. Two months later, he proved the winner in a race against American great Allen Johnson in the IAAF Grand Prix in Osaka, Japan, where he clocked a new Asian record and world’s season best time of 13.06 seconds.
He went on to win two Johnson-absent races in Lille, France, on June 26 and Zagreb, Croatia, three days later. He put up an exciting show at the Golden Gala meet in Rome on July 3, when he and Johnson clocked an identical time of 13.11. Race officials had to examine a photo finish to declare Johnson the winner. Liu did a better job of clearing the hurdles than Johnson, but Johnson’s stronger start ended up making the difference. The race boosted（提高） Liu’s optimism(乐观) for the Olympics, although Johnson bettered his season best time by 0.01 second in Lausanne, Switzerland, on July 6.
The world has put the Olympics a Johnson-Liu duel but surprisingly Johnson crashed out of the Games after falling at the ninth hurdle at round 2. Johnson’s early exit paved the way for Liu’s win. He finally took the gold medal and put a Chinese man’s name on the record book.
(chinadaily.com.cn /Xinhua) Updated:2004-08-28 02:57
1. According to Paragraph One, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Liu Xiang is the fastest of the mentioned athletes.
B. Liu Xiang has set a new world record in the event of the men’s 110m hurdles.
C. Both Liu Xiang and Jackson got a gold medal at the Athens Olympics.
D. In the Olympics history, Liu Xiang is the fastest in this event.
2. Before the 28th Olympics in Athens,         .
A. no Chinese athlete got a gold medal from the track and field at the Olympics
B. there was already a Chinese male medal winner in the track and field at the Olympics
C. Terrence Trammell got a gold medal from the men’s hurdles at the Sydney Olympics
D. Zhu Jianhua got a bronze medal from the men’s hurdles in the 1984 Los Angeles Games
3. In the last paragraph, the underlined word “duel” most probably means “       ”.
A. competition       B. friendship   C. partner       D. company
4. From the passage, we can conclude that          .
A. Liu Xiang had no gift for jumping when he was a little boy
B. Liu Xiang set a new world youth record when he was 17 years old
C. Liu Xiang has succeeded because of his coach Sun
D. Johnson might have won the gold medal if he had not dropped out

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When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn’t understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying.
So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so, too, does crying.
Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional (情感的) health, and crying seems to work well. One study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.
Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendly and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don't even know we' re very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.
Just as crying can be healthy, not crying — holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering — can be bad for physical health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural — and healthy — emotional response.
1. Why didn't the author cry when her grandmother died?
A. Because her father did not want her to feel too sad.
B. Because she did not love her grandmother.
C. Because she was too shy to cry at that time.
D. The author doesn’t give the explanation.
2. It can be inferred from the text that ______.
A. there are two ways to keep healthy
B. crying does more good to health than laughing
C. crying and laughing play the same roles
D. emotional health has a close relationship to physical health
3. According to the author, which of the following statements is true?
A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.
B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.
C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.
D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.
4. What might be the most suitable title for the text?
A. Power of Tears B. How to Keep Healthy
C. Why We Cry D. A New Scientific Discovery

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A small man with a fat stomach got on the train at the last station before the frontier (边境). He carried a paper bag. And four feet ducks could be seen under the cover. The man found an empty seat, put the bag in the middle of the floor, took out a newspaper and began to read. Then a policeman came in. Of course he saw the bag with ducks' legs at once and said, "Whose is that bag?" Nobody answered. The policeman repeated the question, and said, "I'll have to take it away from the owner. Food mustn't be taken out of the country." "Well, then," said the small man with a fat stomach. "Hurry up and take it. We want to go home." The policeman took the bag and went on to the next carriage.
At the next station, when they were safely across the frontier, the small man got up, smiled at the other passengers and said, "I hope they'll enjoy the ducks' feet. The rest of the bag had nothing but rubbish in it." Then he opened his coat and pointed to another bag he was carrying under it. It was tied tightly (紧紧地) over the stomach, which was not really fat. "I have the rest of the two ducks here," he said. With these words, he got off the train. But while he was happily walking to the exit with the bag in his hands, a policeman came up to him, saying, "Hey, man! Foreign food mustn't be brought in."
1. The small man put the bag in the middle of the floor ___ .
A. so that he could make more room for himself
B. so that the policeman could find it easily
C. because the other passengers didn't like it
D. because there was not an empty seat in the carriage
2. The first policeman took the paper bag away because ___ .
A. he wanted to find the owner of the bag
B. he enjoyed the ducks feet in the bag
C. the bag was put in a wrong place in the carriage
D. food can't be taken abroad
3. The bag the policeman took away had nothing in it except ___ .
A. two ducks B. rubbish
C. the ducks' feet and rubbish D. the ducks' feet
4. In the end the small man ___ .
A. failed to take his food home
B. crossed the frontier with two paper bags
C. took the ducks safely home
D. hid his ducks under his coat again

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Do you know why different animals or pests have their special colours? Colours in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.
Some birds like eating locusts. but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colours together with the change of the colours of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown colour as crops have. Some other pests with different colours from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life, you'll find the main use of colouring is protecting themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be seen by hunters. This is because they have the colours much like the tree.
Have you ever noticed an even more strange act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spread over, the enemies cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it isn't strong at all.
1. From the passage we learn that locusts ___ .
A. are small animals
B. are easily found by birds
C. are dangerous to their enemies
D. change their colours to protect themselves
2 How can pests with different colours from plants keep out of danger?
A. They run away quickly.
B. They colours much like their enemies.
C. They hide themselves in the day and appear at night.
D. They have to move quietly.
3. Bears and lions can keep safe because they ___ .
A. have the colours much like the trees B. move quickly
C. like brown and grey colours D. live in forests
4. Which is the best title for this passage?
A. The Change of Colours for Animals and Pests
B. Colours of Different Animals and Pests
C. The Main Use of Colours for Animals and Pests
D. Some Animals and Pests

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