注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸（卡）上相应题号的横线上。
When young children are learning to ride a bicycle, they require that their parents hold on to the back of the bike so that they gain confidence and won’t fall off.
However, when children leave to go to college, or get married, parents must accept that their children are riding off into their own future. At this time, parents shouldn’t stand back and with the children gone, they are left with an empty nest. How can parents get through this period of life?
The first thing you should do is nothing at all. You should actually take some time to rest since your child was born. Just relax and reward yourself for the work you put into your child.
Taking some time for yourself will allow you to adjust to the change and figure out how you really feel about your child’s departure (离开). You shouldn’t compare how you feel with how other people feel, as everyone’s experience of an empty nest is different.
Exercise is a great mood lifter. A physical fitness program may have been one of the first sacrifices (牺牲) you made when your child came along; now, with fewer duties, you’ll have time to hit the gym regularly. If you have a friend who also has become an empty nester recently, you may have found a new companion. Not only will you get the chance to share dealing with tips, you’ll also create social opportunities for yourself, which will get you out of that empty house if you need to.
We all have those things that we say we’ll do or learn “someday”. If you’re an empty nester, the “someday” might just be now.
If you’re not sure exactly what to do in all your spare time, take your time and think about it. It will, however, probably be easier to figure out your dream when you’re out. Try exploring a nearby museum or attraction you’ve never visited.
Many parents may fear an empty nest because they worry that their little birds have flown away forever. Try setting up a regular phone date with your child. A once-a-week call may make you feel satisfied while giving your child a reasonable degree of freedom.
| Phenomenon |
★Young children need the help of parents to make them feel confident. ★Children will leave home after growing up and parents will feel |
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adjust to an empty nest |
★Do nothing but rest. ★Take time to adjust to the change and to figure out your |
|
| Take |
★You can have ★You can develop new |
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| Follow your dream |
★You get a ★It will be easier to figure out your dream when you are out of the house. |
|
| Set a time for communication |
★ ★Give your child enough |
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注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.
How should we behave when you meet someone for the first time? An American shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eye. In many part of Asia, there is no physical contact (接触)at all. In Japan, you should bow, and the more respect you want to show, the deeper you should bow. In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest. In both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect.
Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn’t wear. In Muslim countries, you shouldn’t reveal (显露)the body, especially women, who Should wear long blouses and skirts .In Korea, you should take off your shoes when entering a house. Remember to place then neatly together where you came in.
In Spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. For this reason many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Mexico, lunch is the time to relax, and many people prefer not to discuss business as they eat .In Britain, it’s not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.
In most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken, you can get the back side of your card printed in the local language. In China, you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are giving it to.
| Title :good |
||
| Aspect |
Country |
Custom |
| |
America Japan Thailand |
Shaking hands firmly Pressing both hands together at the chest |
| Dressing |
Korea |
Wearing long blouses and skirts Taking off your shoes at the |
| Eating |
Spain Mexico |
Having a light breakfast and a late dinner Relaxing while having Holding a business meeting over breakfast |
| Doing business |
Most countries China |
Exchanging business cards when Presenting a card to a person |
| Conclusion: When traveling |
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Talking to friends on WeChat, Wang Chenchen’s mood changes according to her friends’ replies. Long sentences are always heartwarming and happy emoticons indicate the other person’s good spirits. But one word replies like “OK”, “Oh” or “hehe” quickly kill the mood.
Over-reliance on online communication is causing division between people and social anxiety in this digital era. With social media bringing people closer together than ever before, a new set of online language norms also appears.
Connected or separated
Wang Chenchen, 20, an English major at the University of International Business and Economics says, “I tend to judge my friends by the quality and speed with which they comment on my updates on Weibo or WeChat.”
But to Chen Jie, 21, a biological engineering major at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wang’s evaluation system is problematic. “Everyone has their lifestyle and a certain way of using social media,” says Chen, who is always busy working in the laboratory and hardly has time for social media.
Ge Yan, a professor of communication at Shanghai Jiaotong University, says social media is causing fragmentation (碎片化) of communication. “People tend to judge their surroundings by the information available,” says Ge. “They also evaluate their friendships and others’ lifestyles based on fragmented pieces of information with which they construct a so-called reality.”
Need for emotion
According to Ge, such superficial communication helps encourage more interaction between people, but in terms of building solid interpersonal relationships it causes more harm than good. An online survey on Sina Weibo last month shows, “hehe” was the top conversation killer in 2013. “The words people hate all have one thing in common — a lack of emotion,” says Ge.
Zhang Wei, a professor of linguistics at Renmin University of China, thinks that such short expressions carry so little emotion that they separate people. Chatting online cannot convey the same emotions as communication in real life. This makes it difficult to understand the other person’s true intentions. “That’s why I always suggest talking face to face to resolve problems,” says Zhang. “Unfortunately the reality is that most people spend less time talking to each other in this way.”
Anxiety and insecurity
Zhang further explains that the reason why people’s mood is strongly affected by such unemotional words when communicating online is rooted in social anxiety. People feel insecure because of all kinds of pressures. It’s like a vicious circle — “Less time for face-to-face communication leads to more online communication, but online expressions of emotion are too changeable to provide the comfort needed,” says Zhang. “As a result, people become more anxious.”
| Title |
Conversation killers |
|
| Problems |
People’s mood is easily affected by unemotional words while communicating online. In this digital era, people are feeling more separated, (1) ________ and insecure than ever before. |
|
| Reasons |
People (2) ________ on online communication too much. Online talkers start to (3) ________ a new set of online language norms. |
|
| Name |
(4)________ |
What they say and think |
| Wang Chenchen |
An English major |
I tend to judge a friend by how well and how (5) ________ they reply to my updates on Weibo or WeChat. |
| Chen Jie |
A biological engineering major |
Wang’s evaluation system doesn’t hold water because different people have different (6) ________ and different ways of using social media. |
| Ge Yan |
Professor of communication |
Incomplete (7) ________ can’t be used to evaluate people’s friendships, and superficial communication does harm to interpersonal relationships. People’s (8) ________ for short and careless replies like “hehe” arises from their lack of emotion. |
| Zhang Wei |
Professor of linguistics |
Those unemotional expressions (9) ________ the gap between people. My (10) ________ is that people should talk face to face though busy. |
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注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Trust is in rare supply these days. People are having trouble trusting each other, according to an AP-GFK poll conducted in November 2013, which found that Americans are suspicious of each other in their everyday life. Only one-third of Americans say most people can be trusted—down from half who felt that way in 1972. A record high of nearly two-thirds says “you can’t be too careful” in dealing with people in 2013.
This can be carried over into the workplace, where employees want their leaders to be more trustworthy. Employees have grown tired of unexpected outcomes resulting from the lack of preparation. They want to be informed of any change management efforts before—not after the fact. Employees desire to know what is expected of them and be given the opportunity to better themselves, rather than be told they are not qualified for new roles and responsibilities.
Here are four early warning signs for you to course-correct when employees are having trouble trusting their leaders.
Lack courage
Leaders that don’t stand up for what they believe in are difficult to respect and trust. Too many leaders waste too much of their valuable time trying to act like other leaders in the organization—rather than attempting to establish their own identity and leadership style. Employees know that if their leaders are not savvy (精明) enough to move themselves into a position of greater influence, it will make it much more difficult for them to get noticed and discovered as well. When leaders lack the courage to enable their full potential and that of others, it becomes a challenge to trust.
Self-centered
When a leader is only looking out for themselves and lacks any sense of commitment to the advancement of their employees—this shuts off employees quickly. Great leaders are great coaches and are always looking to help their employees grow. When leaders lack any real desire to coach or 'guide the career advancement of their employees—it becomes increasingly difficult for employees to trust them. But when leaders are too disruptive (指手画脚), their employees sense that they are in it for themselves and/or don’t trust the talent around them.
Reputation issues
When people begin to speak negatively about their leader, it makes it more difficult for others to trust their intentions. For example, look at what has happened to President Barack Obama since December 2009 when his approval rating was 69%. Four years later, Obama’s approval rating is at 43%. Many who have followed him for years are now having trouble trusting him.
Every leader must be aware that they are constantly being evaluated and thus they can never grow self-satisfied. When they do, this begins to negatively impact their reputation and the trust employees have in their leadership.
Inconsistent Behavior
People are more inclined to trust those who are consistent with their behavior. Isn’t it easy to begin questioning one’s judgment when they are inconsistent? When everyone but the leader is on board with a strategy—you begin to wonder if their intentions are to support the organization’s advancement or their own. Leaders need to refresh their leadership style before they lose the trust of their employees.
This is what today leaders must consider: how to lead in new ways that focus less on oneself, but more on the betterment of a healthier whole.
| Trust between employees and their leaders |
|
| Problem |
【1】 _________ has been declining among Americans in their daily life as well as in the workplace. |
| Employees’ hopes for leaders 【2】 _________ trust |
● Employees want to be 【3】 _________ to get prepared for any change management efforts in advance. ● Employees desire to know their leaders’ expectations of them and want to get 【4】 _________ to better themselves. |
| Warnings for leaders to 【5】 _________ the breakdown of trust |
● Don’t 【6】 _________ other leaders and stand up for what you believe in. ● Be 【7】 _________ to helping your employees grow. ● Never let 【8】 _________ negatively impact your reputation. ● Behave【9】 _________ or your judgment will be questioned. |
| Suggestion |
For leaders, more focus on the betterment of a healthier whole should be taken into 【10】 _________. |
Harmless fun and bullying(欺负) separated by a very thin line.This line is crossed on a daily basis，without being known.This full extent of this line crossing isn’t often felt until much later.Blind eyes are often being turned，and the problem is becoming more and more serious.
Harmless fun occurs when nobody has hurt feelings and laughter follows.There is no harm in the fun，and all people can enjoy the joking.Bullying occurs when someone is looked down upon.Not every joke is funny,and sometimes we can cruelly hurt somebody without our knowledge.
The most difficult part of the line between harmless fun and bullying is the simple fact that everybody has their own line，and even it’s different from time to time，depending on a certain character.Everybody has their own limit of tolerance，and harmless fun that is close to bullying usually gather up the bottled emotions that are ready to break out.No matter how strong the friendships are，words can treat them apart from the root，destroying the very foundation that they have been built upon.
The key is that the line should never be crossed.Harmless fun has its time and place，since laughter is the best medicine for what worries you，but it should never be taken to the extreme，where someone is feeling down.
The best possible way to ensure that you aren’t the one responsible for linecrossing is to think before you speak.We should first try to understand before we try to be understood.If the words you feel like saying to someone aren’t the words you would want to say to your parent，brother，child，or good friend，then chances are that you should think of something else to say.
Saying things behind someone else’s back is no good，either，because those words often find their target finally，and usually the comments have been misunderstood and the intention，while perhaps harmless，tends to turn towards bullying.
Title：Harmless Fun and Bullying
| |
People often cross the line between harmless fun and bullying，resulting in bullying，which is often hidden. |
|
| |
Harmless fun |
Hurting nobody’s |
| Bullying |
●Making someone feel ●Hurting somebody unconsciously |
|
| Reasons |
●People’s own line differing from time to time because of ●Harmless fun possibly turning into bullying once it develops |
|
| |
●Trying not to ●Dealing with harmless fun properly especially when one is ● ●Trying to understand before trying to be understood. ●Regarding the listener as your parent，brother，child or good friend ●Not making comments behind one’s back in order to avoid being misunderstood |
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How to Build Confidence
Everybody in this world wants to be rich and successful. But, the big question is HOW? How can you turn yourself into a popular personality?
Well, you need to have confidence. Confidence is the feeling of certainty and trusting in one’s own ability.
Start your journey to become successful by following these seven confidence-building steps.
Recognize what makes you feel inferior -- Let’s accept the fact that no one in this world is perfect. Everyone has some shortcomings and it is natural. So, if there is something that makes you feel ashamed of yourself just make a note of it. Instead of being upset over your shortcomings, you need to figure out ways to overcome them.
Dress smartly and look more attractive -- Yes, you are right that a person should be beautiful at heart but you ought to work on your looks too. You might have not realized but dressing up nicely can increase your confidence. Work hard to improve your looks and you will definitely notice a positive change in your personally.
Don’t worry about what others say -- Those who think about others car never succeed in their lives. So, if you really wish to increase your confidence levels, stop thinking about the world right away. Have faith in your capabilities and show the world that you are a leader. And just in case you are afraid of criticism, your dream of becoming successful person will always remain a dream.
Stay happy – Happiness plays an important part in a successful life. So, try to find out what makes you happy and keep yourself involved in those activities only.
Be a curious learner -- Learning is part of our life. It is a continuous process which lasts till the last breath. Knowledge not only makes you superior but enriches your personality altogether.
Express yourself -- There are many people who don’t express their feelings and opinions at all just because they are afraid of being laughed at. Well, don’t be afraid and express yourself wherever possible, it will make people realize your presence and you may get the response. So, the next time you have something on your mind, say it aloud.
Self esteem and confidence are some of the most important things you need to be successful in life.
How to become
| _ |
Confidence is the feeling of certainty and trusting in one’s own ability. |
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| _ |
Realize the |
_ |
| Dress smartly and look more attractive |
We like warm-hearted persons of course, but you ought to work on your looks as |
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| _ |
Believe in your capabilities and show the world that you are a leader. |
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| Stay happy |
Only |
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| Be a leader of |
Knowledge not only makes you superior but enriches your personality altogether. |
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| express yourself |
People will find you are |
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