In almost every big university（大学）in the United States, football is a favourite sport. American football is different. Players sometimes kick the ball, but they also throw the ball and run with it. They try to take it to the other end of the field. They have four chances（机会）to move the ball ten yards（码）. They can carry it or they can throw it. If they move the ball ten yards, they can try to move it another ten yards. If they move it to the end of the field, they receive six points.
It is difficult to move the ball. Eleven men on the other team try to stop the man with the ball. If he does not move the ball ten yards, his team kicks the ball the other team.
Each university wants its own team to win. Many thousands of people come to watch. They all shout for their favourite team.
Young men and women come on the field to help the people shout more. They dance and jump while they shout.
Each team plays ten or eleven games each season.
The season begins in September and ends in November. If a team is very good, it may play another game after the season ends. The best teams play again on January 1, the first day of the New Year. Many people go to see these games and many others watch them on TV.In American football players can_____.
| A．only kick the ball | B．only throw the ball |
| C．only carry the ball | D．kick, throw and carry the ball |
Which is the best title for the passage?
| A．American Football |
| B．Most People Like Football |
| C．Many People Enjoy Watching Football Games |
| D．American Football Is Not Like Soccer |
Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out. Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class. Now, aged 79，the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance can lead.
When he was 15 in 1948，Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdon’s high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was “quite ridiculous”.
In spite of his teacher’s criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.
“My own belief is that we will, in the end，understand everything about how cells actually work，”Gurdon said.
In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996，the first cloned mammal in the world.
In 2006，Gurdon’s work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person’s skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient’s heart after a heart attack.
“Luck favors the prepared mind，”Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. “Ninety percent of the time things don’t work, but when they do, you have to seize the chance. ”
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?
| A．Sir John Gurdon |
| B．Shinya Yamanaka. |
| C．Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka. |
| D．Gurdon’s science teacher. |
What does the underlined word “ridiculous” mean?
| A．无知的 | B．无畏的 |
| C．荒废的 | D．荒谬的 |
According to the passage, which statement is TRUE?
| A．As a boy, he was told he was hopeful. |
| B．He ranked first at his high school in biology. |
| C．It’s impossible for the doctors to repair a patient’s heart after a heart attack. |
| D．In spite of his teacher’s criticisms, he kept working hard. |
What’s the main idea of the passage?
| A．Ninety percent of the time things don’t work. |
| B．Luck favors the prepared mind. |
| C．Life is full of pleasure. |
| D．How to know cells actually work. |
If you take away many sentences from somebody's written work as your own without permission, it's called plagiarism，but if you take the knowledge from a piece of work by another and change the words, then it's not plagiarism. This is the difference between using the Internet and plagiarism. If you are given homework to work out math problems, then you should use your brain without a computer! If the teacher asks you to learn something about a famous literary person, you can use the computer. If you take down the main important information of the task, it’s OK. However, if you run to the computer to do your thinking for you all the time, you don’t exercise your brain and you will forget how to work out a problem. By using a computer, students may get a useful answer fast, to finish homework, but when they have to face an exam, they will not be ready for it.
Though teachers say finding or buying homework answers online is not many in schools, an interview with school students shows only 10% hopes to finish their holiday homework by themselves. They complain that the homework is too much for them to finish. Besides, many of students have to go to all kinds of training classes during the holiday. These take away much of their time for doing homework. So they want to find or even buy answers online or copy each other's homework. Students should learn that being a student is about getting skills, but not just getting quick, cheap "answers" for homework problems. I mean we should use the computer properly.
If you want to look up some information about something or somebody, you____.
| A．should work it out by yourself |
| B．can turn to a computer for help |
| C．must discuss it with your teacher |
| D．will meet problems with plagiarism |
Which belongs to plagiarism according to the text?
| A．Answering questions in our own words. |
| B．Buying homework answers on the Internet. |
| C．Copying others’ written work without permission. |
| D．Doing our homework with the help of a computer. |
Which is NOT the reason why the students hope to buy homework answers online?
| A．The answers are cheap and quick. |
| B．They can exercise their brains all the time. |
| C．They have to go to all kinds of training classes during the holiday. |
| D．They have too much homework to finish. |
What's the author's attitude towards using the computer for homework answers?
| A．Using it for math problems. |
| B．Using it all the time for the homework. |
| C．Using it to get some information on the answers. |
| D．Using it when there's too much homework to finish. |
"Chinese style road crossing" is a hot topic in China. Many cities have started to punish these jaywalkers.
"Chinese style road crossing" means that you cross roads with lots of people and you don't think about traffic lights at all.
Beijing government announced that people who do not wait for the green light to cross the road will receive a fine of 10 yuan. What’s more, using the diagonal to cross the road is also against the rules. Walkers should walk in an "L" shape. Besides Beijing, many places have also taken steps to stop "Chinese style road crossing". Provinces such as Sichuan, Shanxi and Zhejiang have already started to fine jaywalkers 5 to 50 yuan since last year. This punishment can call on people to realize the importance of traffic safety. However, many people complain that the red lights last too long. "Everyone should follow the rules, or the country will lose its order," said People Daily.
Some cities have also paid attention to the problem. For example, Beijing government said it should not only punish these jaywalkers, but also improve road safety facilities, such as properly fixing traffic lights and building overpasses*. Anyhow safety must come first.
How many places have already started to fine jaywalkers?
| A．3 | B．4 | C．5 | D．6 |
Many people complain that the last too long.
| A．green lights | B．yellow lights |
| C．red lights | D．traffic lights |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Beijing has taken steps to stop "Chinese style road crossing". |
| B．Walkers should use the diagonal to cross the road. |
| C．Zhejiang hasn't started to fine jaywalkers yet, |
| D．In Beijing jaywalkers will receive a fine of 50 yuan. |
What's the best title for the passage?
| A．The traffic lights | B．Safety comes first |
| C．An "L" shape | D．Traffic rules |
Travel Information
| Place of Interest |
 Beihai Park |
 Dongting Lake |
 Mount Mang |
| Location* |
Beihai District |
Yueyang City |
Yizhang County(县） |
| Phone Number |
3886699 |
3329666 |
3726868 |
| Price of Ticket |
¥150 |
Free |
¥120 |
| Description |
An amusement park with a big lake |
A lake with plenty of fresh fish |
A famous forest park |
You can visit a famous forest park in .
| A．Beihai District | B．Yueyang City |
| C．Yizhang County | D．Beijing District |
If you don't know how to go to Dongting Lake, you can call to get information.
| A．3668899 | B．3329666 |
| C．3726868 | D．3886699 |
If you and your parents visit Beihai Park, you need to pay .
| A．¥120 | B．¥150 |
| C．¥360 | D．¥450 |
There is an old saying in English, “Laughter is the best medicine”. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to study laughter and the effects (作用) it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing. It also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be helpful.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to make the effect of pain on the body less. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which could bear the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can make pain less seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which make both stress and pain less.
There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body’s immune system that is the system which fights infection (感染). In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group — in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells that is the cells which fight infection.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce good effects similar to those caused by laughter. We learn from the first paragraph that laughter .
| A．is good for one’s health |
| B．has strong effects to do with some illness |
| C．has been studied long since |
| D．has no effect on the body |
Doctors have found that laughter .
| A．keeps down blood pressure |
| B．has similar effects to physical exercise |
| C．decreases the heart rate |
| D．increases stress and pain |
Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter according to the passage?
| A．It makes pain less. |
| B．It exercises the body. |
| C．It improves the body’s immune system. |
| D．It can cure cancer. |
Smiling can produce _________.
| A．about the same effects as laughter |
| B．more effects than laughter |
| C．fewer effects on the human body |
| D．no effects on the human body |
The main idea of this passage is that _________.
| A．the doctors should learn how to make people laugh |
| B．there are several ways of studying the advantages of laughter |
| C．tests show that laughter can produce positive effects on human body |
| D．laughter and physical exercise have the same effects on human body |
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