People who are outdoors in cold weather should avoid actions like suddenly lifting a heavy basket full of snow. Even walking through heavy, wet snow can strain a person’s heart.
Many people aren’t conditioned to the physical stress of outdoor activities and don’t know the dangers of being outdoors in cold weather. Those who like winter sports can suffer accidental hypothermia if they don’t make certain preparations.
Hypothermia means the body temperature has fallen below normal. It occurs when your body can’t produce enough energy to keep the internal (内部的) body temperature warm enough. It can kill you. Heart failure causes most deaths in hypothermia.
Children, the elderly and those with heart disease are at special risk. As people age, their ability to keep a normal internal body temperature often decreases. Elderly people can suffer hypothermia without knowing they’re in danger because they can’t notice the cold conditions as quickly as the young.
Besides cold temperatures, high winds, snow and rain can also steal body heat. Wind is especially dangerous because it removes the layer of heated air from around your body. At 30 degrees Fahrenheit in a 20-mile-per-hour wind, the cooling effect is equal to calm air at four degrees. Similarly dampness (湿气) causes the body to lose heat faster than it would at the same temperature in drier conditions.
To keep warm, wear more clothes. This traps air between layers. Also, wear a hat or head scarf. Much of your body’s heat can be lost through your head. Keep your hands and feet warm, too, as they tend to lose heat rapidly.
Don’t drink alcohol before going outdoors or when outside. Alcohol makes you feel warm at first because blood vessels in the skin expand. But heat is then drawn away from the body’s important organs.The underlined word “strain” in Paragraph 1 means ________.
| A．injure | B．warm | C．control | D．burn |
What is implied in the passage about hypothermia?
| A．It means the body temperature falls rapidly. | B．Most heart attacks are caused by it. |
| C．It is not as scary as people think. | D．It can threaten a person’s life. |
Based on the passage, one of the reasons why the elderly are at special risk of suffering from hypothermia is that _______.
| A．they like exercising outside in cold mornings |
| B．they can’t notice cold conditions if they are not told |
| C．their body temperature is generally lower than young people’s |
| D．their ability to keep a normal internal body temperature is not so good |
What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
| A．What causes the body to lose heat faster. | B．The advantages of drier conditions. |
| C．What else can steal body heat. | D．Dangers of high winds. |
Which of the following is NOT a result of drinking alcohol before going outdoors?
| A．Feeling warm at first | B．The body’s heat is taken away |
| C．Blood vessels in the skin expand | D．The risk of hypothermia is reduced |
A mother from Colorado who doctors said had died while giving birth to her son, has said it is a Christmas miracle that both she and the boy are alive.
Tracey Hermanstorfer’s heart stopped beating and her son Coltyn appeared lifeless after the Caesarean (剖腹产) section on Christmas Eve. However, a few minutes after he was born, both began breathing again. Dr. Stephanie Martin told Good Morning America she could not explain how the pair survived. Mrs. Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike told the American television show that they were doing “good” following the drama at Colorado Springs Memorial Hospital.
The couple, who already had two children, had to go into the hospital seven weeks earlier than planned. Her husband, 37, said his wife was tired after receiving an epidural (硬膜外麻醉) during the labor (分娩) but after closing her eyes, she “wasn’t waking up”. She stopped breathing and she is believed to have suffered a heart attack before her heart stopped beating entirely.
Dr. Martin said she was called in and that the outlook was grim since in most situations like this, “despite the best efforts of the team”, the mother was often unable to be revived. In that case doctors then tried to focus on delivering the baby but when he was born he was “completely lifeless”.
Mr. Hermanstorfer told the Associated Press news agency,“I had everything in the world taken from me, and in an hour and a half I had everything given to me.”
Dr. Martin said she did not have a “great explanation” for why Mr. Hermanstorfer’s heartbeat returned. “Somewhere between four and five minutes she had been without heart rate and had stopped breathing a minute or two prior to her heart stopping,” she said. The doctors were then able to bring the baby back to life, and the mother was alive after that.
Despite tests, she said doctors were still not sure about what had happened. However Mrs. Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike have said they believed it was down to a miracle. She said:“I got a second chance in life.” The story happened on_______.
| A．December, 24 |
| B．December, 25 |
| C．December, 31 |
| D．January, l |
What might have happened to Tracey Hermanstorfer just before her heart stopped beating?
| A．She became unconscious. |
| B．She took a nap. |
| C．She had a bad headache. |
| D．She suffered a heart attack. |
Which of the following is the correct order of what happened to Tracey Hermansrorfer?
a. suffering a heart attack
b. stopping heart beating entirely
c. stopping breathing
d. coming back to life
e. receiving an epidural
f. producing a baby
| A．acfdbe |
| B．fcadbe |
| C．eacbfd |
| D．eabcfd |
What feelings did Mr. Hermanstorfer have during the incident?
| A．Sad and delighted. |
| B．Disappointed and depressed. |
| C．Sad and angry. |
| D．Touched and regrettable. |
Which of the following words best expresses Dr. Martin's attitude towards Tracey Hermanstorfer's coming back to life?
| A．Shocked. |
| B．Puzzled. |
| C．Normal. |
| D．Curious. |
If Confucius(孔子) were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.
While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. It’s nothing personal. Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.
But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge the foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.
In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art, history and philosophy(哲学). Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy. Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.
So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well.
Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.
As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.The opening paragraph is mainly intended to_______.
| A．provide some key facts about Confucius |
| B．attract the readers’ interest in the subject |
| C．show great respect for the ancient thinker |
| D．prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations |
We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students_______
| A．have a great interest in studying Chinese |
| B．taken an active part in Chinese competitions |
| C．try to get high scores in Chinese exams |
| D．fight for a chance to learn Chinese |
What is the best title for the passage?
| A．Forgotten Wisdom in America |
| B．Huge Fans of the Chinese Language |
| C．Chinese Culture for Westerners |
| D．Old Thinker with a Big Future |
The passage is likely to appear in_______.
| A．a biography |
| B．a history paper |
| C．a newspaper |
| D．a philosophy textbook |
Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions (使命) often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the tightly that break times are often used to finish the day’s work. This type of scheduled is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station (ISS). ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences.
While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth.
During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early 2010, the internet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some “web surfing(冲浪)”in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.
Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth. Both the shuttle and the ISS circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the Earth’s vast land mass and oceans.What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
| A．Find |
| B．Copy |
| C．Change |
| D．Lose |
Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS?
| A．They are caring and thoughtful. |
| B．They are worried and annoyed. |
| C．They are impatient and annoyed. |
| D．They are excited and curious. |
In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts______.
| A．get more pleasure in space than on the Earth. |
| B．finding living in space a bit boring and tiring |
| C．regard space life as common |
| D．love to see the Earth from space |
The passage mainly discusses how astronauts_______.
| A．work for longer missions in space |
| B．connect with people on the Earth |
| C．observe with Earth from space |
| D．spend their free time in space |
Some schools in the United States offer Chinese language classes with government support from China.
Saint Mary’s School is a private college preparatory school in Medford, Oregon. Carly Irvine is in her fourth year of learning Mandarin. Carly Irvine said, “Since China and America are working so closely and our relationship is growing more and more, I think it will be very important in the future to know Chinese.”
Saint Mary’s School also teach Spanish, German and Latin. It added Mandarin in 2005. Two years ago, it became the first school in the country to join the Confucius Classroom Program. China’s Education Ministry also provides books and other material.
Saint Mary’s school principle, Frank Phillips, says knowing Chinese will help students in a world where China is quickly gaining economic power.
Zheng Ling, a teacher at Saing Mary’s school, came from China in 2008. She said, “People do not know much about China, especially the latest development. So I think this is a chance for them to know more about China, what China is really like. It’s quiet different from what ot was twenty years ago.”
The Confucius Classroom Program is in about forty countries, including more than fifty American schools and universities.
A recent report said more schools in the United States are teaching Chinese and Arabic, although the numbers are still low.What does Carly Irvine think of learning Chinese?
| A．Helpful |
| B．Useless |
| C．Unnecessary |
| D．Terrible |
Which of the following is TRUE about Saint Mary’s school?
| A．It is a public college preparatory school. |
| B．It added Mandarin in 2006. |
| C．It’s the first American school to join the Confucius Classroom Program. |
| D．It also teaches Spanish, Germanand French to its students. |
How many American schools and universities have the Confucius Classroom Project?
| A．About 40. |
| B．42. |
| C．50. |
| D．More than 50. |
According to the passage, we can learn that Zheng ling ______.
| A．Doesn’t know a lot about China and latest development. |
| B．Has been a teacher at Saint Mary’s School for several years. |
| C．Is principle of Saint Mary’s School. |
| D．Thinks Saint Mary’s School is quiet different now. |
What’s the passage mainly about?
| A．Some US students learn Mandarin with China’s help. |
| B．China is quickly gaining economic power. |
| C．Saint Mary’s School. |
| D．Carly Irvine. |
When you want to buy or rent a house, you are expecting not only the quality of the house itself but also the nice neighbours who live near you. Almost everyone agrees that it is helpful to live with some good neighbours. However, the standard of good neighbours is different from people to people. In my opinion, a good neighbour should be someone that respects your life. Is ready to help others and concerns zbout the environment in the neighbourhood.
First of all, it is very important for neighbours to expect your life. Just imagine, if you have a neighbour who is curious about you, especially your personal life, and tries to know more about it by whatever means. How will you feel? What is more, he or she may talk with others about your life. Do you want to live near him or her any more? The answer is definitely negative. You will feel very uncomfortable to have such kind of people in your neighbourhood and you may move as soon as possible.
Next, what you should consider is that a good neighbour is always willing to give you a hand when you need help. For example, if you are not at home and someone suspect tries to unlock your door, your neighbour who sees it should call 110, and it will help you to protect your property.
Finally, a good neighbour should be concerned about the environment, especially around your neighbourhood. He or she should throw all the rubbish into the garbage and keep the place clean, because a good environment can make people who live in it comfortable and relaxed all the time.
Therefore, it is very important for a neighbour to have such qualities as above.What is mainly discussed in the passage?
| A．How to find a good neighbour. |
| B．The advantage of living with rich neighbours. |
| C．Neighbours should help each other. |
| D．Qualities a good neighbour should have. |
According to the passage, a good neighbour may do the following except______.
| A．show special interest in your personal life |
| B．help you when you in trouble |
| C．keep the environment clean |
| D．all the police when strangers unlock your door |
If a neighnour always wants to know about your personal life, you may ______.
| A．tell him your story as soon as possible |
| B．think he is a good neighbour |
| C．feel rather proud and pleased about it |
| D．decide to find another place to live |
The underlined words “someone suspect” in the third paragraph refers to ______.
| A．friendly person |
| B．A doubtful stranger |
| C．A shy friend |
| D．And old classmate |
We can learn from this passage that ______.
| A．Good neighbours are very hard to find |
| B．Good neighbours should concern about your personal life |
| C．Finding a good neighbour is very important |
| D．You should never live with stranger |
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