How Many Lies Do the Children Tell You?
Mothers who feel their children don' t appreciate them can add another grievance to the list: half the time, their children are lying to them. A study designed to expose the truth about lying shows that undergraduates lie to their mothers in 46% of their conversations. Still, mums should feel better than total strangers, who are told lies an astonishing 77 % of the time.
Bella Depaulo and a team of psychologists from the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, asked 77 undergraduates to keep a record of all their conversations for a week, and write down whether they lied at any time. DePaulo named lying broadly, as "when you intentionally try to mislead someone", so she would catch the smallest of lies.
The students told an average of two lies a day. They said they had been studying when they had been out drinking. One told his parents that a textbook cost $50 rather than $20 so that they would send him extra money. Female students constantly told their plain-looking roommates that they were pretty. "They are everyday lies," says DePaulo.
DePaulo and her colleagues conclude that people tend to tell fewer lies to those they feel closest to. College students lied to their best friends 28% of the time but lied to acquaintances 48% of the time. In close relationships, people were more likely to tell "kind-hearted" lies, designed to protect feelings, rather than self-serving lies.
Romantic（浪漫的）partners lie somewhere between close friends and acquaintances. Students lied to romantic partners about a third of the time. DePaulo thinks that unmarried lovers can expect less honesty than best friends because of the insecurity that comes with romance.
Mothers can take heart from one other finding. They may have been lied to, but at least their children talked to them. The students were recorded telling few lies to their fathers because they had little interaction with them. What is the meaning of the underlined word "grievance" in Paragraph 1?
| A．opinion. | B．complaint. | C．belief. | D．difficulty. |
According to the passage, college students felt closest to ______ .
| A．mothers | B．best friends | C．acquaintances | D．romantic partners |
Female students lied to their roommates to .
| A．get money from them | B．offer them the services |
| C．gain more security | D．make them happy |
What is the purpose of this article?
| A．To present a fact. | B．To argue an idea. |
| C．To tell a story. | D．To explain a theory. |
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的); be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest, you may lose your friend's trust. Good friends always rely on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so that you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are exactly alike (相同的). But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.Some friendships don't last long because _____.
| A．there are too many people who want to make friends |
| B．those who give others friendship receive friendship from others |
| C．some people receive friendship but don't give friendship back |
| D．they don't know friendship is something serious |
According to the passage, honesty is _____.
| A．something countable |
| B．the base of friendship |
| C．as important as money |
| D．more important than anything else |
In the third paragraph, the underlined word 'they' refers to (指) _____.
| A．generosity and friendship | B．generosity and sharing |
| C．your ideas and feelings | D．your clothes |
The best title of this passage is _____.
| A．How to Be a Friend |
| B．Honesty Is the Best Policy |
| C．A Friend in Need Is a Friend indeed |
| D．Three Important Points in Life |
Long March (长征) exhibition
The Shanghai History Museum is putting on exhibition to remember the Long March. More than 220 photos and 40 other things are on show. All the exhibition is explained in Chinese. The show will end on November 20.
Time: 10:00 a. m.-4:00 p.m.
Address: 1286 Hongqiao Road
Ticket: 8 yuan for Chinese / 15 yuan for foreigners
Thai elephants
Eight elephants from Thailand are an attraction for visitors at Changfeng Park by riding bikes, playing basketball, dancing and blowing a musical instrument. The elephants give three shows a day at 9:30 a.m., 3:30 p.m. and 8:00 p.m, and there is an extra show at 1:30 p.m. at weekends. The show will end on November 15.
Address: 189 Daduhe Road
Ticket: 30-40 yuan
Dancing dolphins
Dolphins jumping from the water to touch a ball, dancing to music, kissing people and doing easy math problems, and seals and sea lions, also performing, have made a large part of the aquarium in Peace Park, which interests children greatly.
Time: 10:30 a.m., 4:00 p.m., and 7:30 p.m.
Ticket: 20 yuan for adults and 10 yuan for childrenWhere can one see the Long March exhibition?
| A．In Shanghai History Museum. | B．In Changfeng Park. |
| C．In Peace Park. | D．On 189 Dahude Road. |
How many shows do Thailand elephants give at weekends?
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three | D．Four. |
How much should two children pay to go into Peace Park?
| A．Five yuan. | B．Twenty yuan. |
| C．Thirteen yuan. | D．Fourteen yuan. |
Which of the following is true?
| A．The Long March exhibition is explained in English. |
| B．The sea animals can work out difficult math problems. |
| C．Thai elephants' shows can only be seen in the day. |
| D．The sea animals perform three times a day. |
One evening, two young men were walking in the street together. They tried to find a chance to steal something.
The clock struck twelve. Most of the people went to bed. Quickly they came to a house and it seemed that everyone in the house had fallen asleep. Standing at the front gate, one said in English to the other in a low voice, "You wait here. I'll walk around to the back door and then get into the house."
Suddenly out of the house ran a dog, barking at them. The two men were very frightened and ran away as fast as they could. Finally, they stopped at a lonely place. The man said breathlessly, "It's too bad. I hadn't expected that the dog could understand English."Why did the two men walk in the street one evening?
| A．they couldn't fall asleep. |
| B．they wanted to steal something. |
| C．they would like to take a walk. |
| D．they went to visit their friends. |
From the sentence "one said in English to the other in a low voice", we know that ____.
| A．he didn't know English |
| B．he liked speaking English quietly |
| C．he couldn't speak aloud |
| D．he was afraid of waking up others |
The dog ran out of the house and barked at them only because _______.
| A．it understood English | B．it knew them |
| C．it found someone outside | D．both B and C |
Americans are a strange people. They work like mad, then give away much of what they earn. They play until they are exhausted, and call this a vacation. They live to think of themselves as hard-hearted business men, yet they are push-overs for any hard luck story. They have the biggest of nearly everything including government, motor cars and debts. Yet they like to think of themselves as little people, average men, and they would like to cut everything down to their own size. They show off their tall buildings, high mountains, long rivers, big state, the best country, the best world, the best heaven. Yet they also have the most traffic deaths, the most waste, and the most liars.
When they meet, they are always telling each other, "Take it easy," then they rush off like crazy in opposite directions. They play games as if they were fighting a war, and fight wars as if playing a game. They marry more, and go broke more often. They love children, animals, mother, work, excitement, noise, nature, television shows, comedy, high pace, sports, the underdog, the hero, the flag, Christmas, jazz, shapely women and muscular men, classical recordings, crowds, comics, cigarettes, warm houses in winter and cool ones in summer, thick beefsteaks, coffee, ice cream, informal dress, plenty of running water, do-it-yourself, and a working week limited to forty hours or less.
They crowd their highways with cars while complaining about the traffic, troop to movies and television while blaming the quality and the advertisements, go to church but don't care much for sermons (布道), and drink too much in the hope of relaxing—only to find themselves drunk into even bigger dreams.
There is of course, no typical (典型的) American. But if you added them all together and then divided by 226, 000, 000 they would look something like what this chapter has tried to describe.What may be the best title of the passage?
| A．The Americans. | B．Life in America. |
| C．Strange people. | D．Great America |
What is the meaning of the underlined sentence in Para.1?
| A．They like listening to bad luck stories. |
| B．They push the interesting stories away. |
| C．They can easily be moved by sad stories. |
| D．They are informed of good luck stories often. |
Which one of the following is probably NOT what the Americans love?
| A．noise | B．advertisement |
| C．smoking | D．fresh water |
In what way did the author write this passage?
| A．By comparison. | B．By giving examples. |
| C．By experimenting. | D．By telling stories. |
Hello, I'm Severn Suzuki speaking for E.C.O. — The Environmental Children's Organization.
Coming here today, I am fighting for my future. I am here to speak for all generations to come. I am here to speak on behalf of (代表) the starving children around the world whose cries go unheard. I am here to speak for the countless animals dying across this planet because they have nowhere left to go. I am afraid to go out in the sun now because of the holes in the ozone (臭氧层). I am afraid to breathe the air because I don't know what chemicals are in it.
You don't know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer. You don't know how to bring back an animal now extinct. And you can't bring back forests that once grew where there is now desert. If you don't know how to fix it, please stop breaking it!
Here, you may be delegates of your governments, business people, organizers, reporters or politicians— but really you are mothers and fathers, brothers and sister, aunts and uncles— and all of you are somebody's child.
At school, even in kindergarten, you teach us to behave in the world. You teach us: not to fight with others, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share— not be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the things you tell us not to do?
Do not forget why you're attending these conferences, who you're doing this for— we are your own children. You are deciding what kind of world we will grow up in. But are we even on your list of priorities? My father always says "You are what you do, not what you say."
Well, what you do makes me cry at night. You grown-ups say you love us. I challenge you, please make your actions reflect your words. Thank you for listening.
What did the speaker mainly talk about?
| A．politics | B．environment |
| C．economy | D．war |
Where was the speech probably given?
| A．At a meeting held by school teachers. |
| B．At a party where many children played. |
| C．At a ceremony for the speaker’s achievement. |
| D．At a conference representatives of countries attended. |
The speech is meant to be given to the following people EXCEPT .
A. News reporters.
B. Children from E.C.O.
C. Decision makers of the governments.
D. Business men.
Why did the speaker mention what she was taught at school?
| A．To praise her teachers and her father. |
| B．To warn children of the importance of study. |
| C．To show her great achievements at school. |
| D．To prove the grown-ups’ words and actions were not consistent. |
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