简答题(1)《阿Q正传》中阿Q处于未庄社会最底层,当革命的消息传到未庄时,他对革命的态度产生了什么样的变化?请结合文中的情节简要解说。答: ___ ▲ ____ (2)《红楼梦》中作者是怎样通过冷子兴、林黛玉、刘姥姥来介绍贾府的?答: ___ ▲ ___
阅读下面的《论语》和《孟子》选段,回答问题。①子曰:“巧言令色,鲜矣仁。”(《论语学而》)②孟子曰:“人之易其言也,无责耳矣。”(《孟子离娄上》) 在孔子和孟子看来,说话要有什么讲究?理由是什么?请结合上述材料,用自己的话回答。答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读下面的《论语》《孟子》选段,完成后面的题目。①子曰:“巧言、令色、足恭,左丘明耻之,丘亦耻之。匿怨而友其人,左丘明耻之,丘亦耻之。”(《论语· 公冶长》) ②孟子曰:“人不可以无耻。无耻之耻,无耻矣。”(《孟子·尽心上》) ③孟子曰:“耻之于人大矣。为机变之巧者,无所用耻焉。不耻不若人,何若人有?”(《孟子· 尽心上》)在孔子、孟子看来,哪些行为被认为是可耻的?请简要概括。(4分)答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________孟子认为,要远离羞耻,应该有怎样的态度?(2分)答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读下面的《论语》《孟子》选段,回答问题。①定公问:“君使臣,臣事君,如之何?”孔子对曰:“君使臣以礼,臣事君以忠。”(《论语·八佾》)②孟子告齐宣王曰:“君之视臣如手足,则臣视君如腹心。”《孟子·离娄下》在孔子和孟子看来,君臣应该以怎样的关系相处?(2分)答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________孟子以“手足”“腹心”为喻阐明了什么道理?请简要分析。(4分)答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读下面的《孟子》选段,回答问题。(孟子)曰:“文王之囿①方七十里,刍荛②者往焉,雉兔③者往焉,与民同之。民以为小,不亦宜乎?臣始至于境,问国之大禁,然后敢入。臣闻郊关④之内,有囿方四十里,杀其麋鹿者,如杀人之罪。则是方四十里为阱于国中,民以为大,不亦宜乎?”(《孟子·梁惠王下》)【注】 ①囿:园林。②刍荛:指割草砍柴的人。③雉兔:捕鸟猎兽。④郊关:这里指梁惠王的国都郊区。请结合上述有关“囿”的文段,谈谈你对孟子“仁政”思想的理解。答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读下面的《论语》《孟子》选段,回答问题。①子曰:“已矣乎!吾未见能见其过而内自讼者也。”(《论语·公冶长》)②子曰:“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。”(《论语·里仁》)③孟子曰:“爱人不亲,反其仁;治人不治,反其智;礼人不答,反其敬。行有不得者,皆反求诸己,其身正而天下归之。”(《孟子·离娄上》)请简要概括孔子对“自省”的看法。(3分)答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________如何理解孟子的“反求诸己”?请结合文段简要分析。(3分)答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________