As dangerous as sharks may have seed to people after watching Jaws, which was released on June 20,1975, the recent disastrous decrease in their numbers show that people have proven far more dangerous to sharks.
This disastrous decline is due in large part to commercial fishing of sharks. “The market for
shark fins（鱼翅）in East Asia opened up thanks to changes in their economy, increasing their
ability to spend money on things such as shark fin soup,” Burgess said.
However, the biggest worry for sharks and their relatives, the skates and rays, which are suffering a similar fate, “is how they are killed incidentally when fishermen try and take other fish—the problem of bycatch（渔业混获）,” Burgess explained. “They may be thrown back afterward, but they’re still dead.”
The key of the problems behind bringing sharks back is that “they’re not the same as other fish,” Burgess said, “Sharks are slow growing and slow to reach maturity. Sharks are live bearers, which means females keep their young in their body just like us, but instead of nine months, it takes 12 to 18 months or more in sharks. Also, sharks generally can’t give birth again until a year after they’ve given birth—sometimes they’re on a three-year cycle. So once you get a shark population knocked down, this ‘life in the slow lane’ means that recovery is measured in decades rather than years.”\
Burgess said, “I’m on the recovery team for it, but the recovery plan for that is over the course of 100 years. So I won’t see them recover, nor will you, nor will your children. That’s what it means when these animals go down—they’re down a long time.”
Any measures aimed at saving sharks must not only consider byeatch, “which is the real killer right now,” but also encourage interactional cooperation, Burgess said.
“Sharks are very migratory, and many species cross borders,” he said. “We can protect them only by getting many govemment to come aboard. That’s the hardest part about this.”The text mainly tells us .
| A．shark fins are valuable | B．sharks are dangerous |
| C．bycatch brings bad effects | D．sharks are in danger |
The number of sharks is decreasing mostly because of .
| A．the film Jaws | B．commercial interests |
| C．changes in economy | D．shark fin soup |
Bringing sharks back is difficult because .
| A．they’re like the other fish |
| B．their reproductive rate is slow |
| C．they can’t give birth again |
| D．their life cycle is only 3 years |
What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
| A．Sharks live the way human beings do. |
| B．It’s time many govemments cooperate. |
| C．Sharks’ migration takes a very long time. |
| D．Bycatch shouldn’t be forbidden by intemational laws. |
The test is most probably a .
| A．newspaper ad | B．book review |
| C．science news report | D．science fiction story |
Bali is a tiny island that is part of Indonesia(印度尼西亚) today. It is a pretty island that has many mountains and a pleasant climate. For a long time, Bali was cut off from much of the world.
The people of Bali were happy and had a peaceful life. They were not allowed to fight. At one time there had been terrible wars on Bali. Then the people decided it was wrong to fight or have wars. They made rules to keep apart those people who wanted to fight.
Bali was divided into seven small kingdoms. The land around each kingdom was kept empty, and no one lived there. Since the kingdoms did not share the same borders(边界), the people could not fight about them.
On Bali, even children were not allowed to fight. If two children started a fight over a toy, someone separated them. When two boys argued, they would agree not to speak to each other. Sometimes they did not talk together for months; this gave the boys a chance to forget their anger.
Families who were angry with each other also promised not to speak. Their promise was written down, and the whole village knew about it. If they broke their promise, they had to offer gifts to their gods.Bali is an island belonging to ________.
| A．Europe | B．Africa | C．Asia | D．America |
The people of Bali ______.
| A．lived a happy and peaceful life |
| B．fought for a long time |
| C．is cut off from much of the world |
| D．quarreled about their borders |
How did the people of Bali prevent fighting from breaking out?
| A．They shared the same borders. |
| B．The island was divided into seven kingdoms. |
| C．They made strict rules to punish those who wanted to fight. |
| D．Land was kept empty around each kingdom and no one lived there. |
Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
| A．Bali is a beautiful island with many mountains and nice weather. |
| B．People had to offer gifts to the villagers if they broke their promise. |
| C．At one time there were terrible wars on the island. |
| D．You’ll hardly see children fighting on the island. |
Mr. Ma, a famous mental doctor from Beijing once said at an important meeting, “Now many young students can have many problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people around them like their parents and classmates. Parents and teachers should care more about this problem.”
Then Mr. Ma gave some examples. One patient, a middle school student from Xi’an was doing badly in his lessons. He thought his teachers and friends often laughed at him, and he became so nervous and worried that one night he left his home without telling parents. Another student, a 14-year-old schoolgirl from Shanghai, was very afraid of exams. While she was reading the exam paper, she couldn’t think of anything to write.
A recent report from Jiefang Daily says about 18% of the young students in Shanghai have mental problems. They often fell worried and very unhappy. Unluckily, many of them won’t go and ask for help. Some think they will look stupid if they go to see a doctor. Others won’t talk about their own secrets.
At the end of the meeting, Mr. Ma offered some good ideas to young people:
◆Talk to your parents or teachers often.
◆Take part in group activities.
◆Try to get along well with the people around you.
◆Go to see a doctor if you often feel unhappy.The students who often become worried or have trouble getting on with others may have ______.
| A．no parents | B．no secrets | C．poor memories | D．mental problems |
The schoolgirl’s problem happened whenever she __________.
| A．studied very hard | B．had exams |
| C．talked with her parents | D．went to see the doctor |
Some of those with mental problems won’t ask for help because ______________,
| A．they don’t want to tell their secrets to others |
| B．their parents are too busy to look after them |
| C．doctors can’t help them with the problems |
| D．they can do with the problems themselves |
According to the last part, which of the following is a good idea?
| A．It’s important for children to live with their parents. |
| B．It’s helpful for people to see doctors every day. |
| C．It’s useful for students to keep quiet in class. |
| D．It’s necessary for young people to have group activities. |
Read the following posters carefully and answer the questions below.
| Basketball Match Rockets VS Lakers DATE: July 19, 7 o’clock; Billy Basketball Club For detailed information, see Paul Burton before Friday lunch time. |
| Layla’s Disco No-shop light music show 15 Pembroke Road; Weekdays: 7 pm-11 pm; Sunday closed Over 18s only |
| Fashion Show At the Daxing Square Date: May the 1st to the 8th From 7:30 to 11:00 pm Booking agent: Peter Smith— 010-8266 1555 |
| KARMA Health Food Restaurant 6 Castle Street Hot and cold vegetable food(素食) Lunch(11:00—14:00) Self-service; Dinner(17:00—21:00) Table-service For bookings, ring 0865-5677665 |
________ can give you more information about the basketball match.
| A．John Smith. | B．Tommy Brown. | C．Paul Burton. | D．Tonny Wang. |
Who can’t be allowed to go to the Layla’s Disco?
| A．A 30-year-old worker. | B．A 50-year-old doctor. |
| C．A 22-year-old manager. | D．A 15-year-old student. |
You must phone ________ if you want to get a ticket for the fashion show.
| A．the booking agent | B．the teacher |
| C．the manager | D．a postman |
Which of the following food can you have at KARMA?
| A．Chicken. | B．Tomato. | C．Fish. | D．Beef. |
There are some very good things about open education .This way of teaching allows students to grow as people ,and to develop their own interests in many subjects .Open education allows students to be responsible for （负责）their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life .Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning .Some students will be happier in an open education school . They will not have to worry about grades or rules .For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.
But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students ，there are too few rules .These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem of getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules .Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it .Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their school.
You now know what open education is .Some of its good points and bad points have been explained .You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects .Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.Open education allows students to .
| A．grow as they are educated |
| B．be responsible for their future |
| C．develop their own interests |
| D．discover subjects outside class |
Some students like open education but some students will do little in an open classroom because .
| A．there are too few rules |
| B．they hate activities |
| C．open education is similar to traditional education |
| D．they worry about the rules |
Which of the following is Not mentioned in the passage?
| A．Some traditional teachers do not like open education. |
| B．Many teachers do not believe in open education. |
| C．Teachers may have problems in open classroom. |
| D．The teachers’ feelings and attitudes are important to the students. |
Which of the following can best summarize（总结）the passage?
| A．Open education is a really complicated idea. |
| B．Open education is better than traditional education. |
| C．Teachers dislike open education. |
| D．Open education is a good idea in practice. |
Going to the beach is many American’s favorite activity. They went swimming in the ocean without giving a thought to what was underwater. But those days are long gone. In the summer of 1988, many of the beaches had to be closed because garbage（废料）from hospitals was found in the water. The garbage included glass bottles with samples of blood, and people were afraid they might get AIDS from the blood. At some beaches, sewage（下水道）was found in the water. Americans were shocked by this state of affairs. People didn’t think of the underwater garbage because it was out of sight.
Some of the most polluted waters still look beautiful. San Francisco Bay is a good example of a beautiful bay that’s full of chemicals. Scientists discovered pollution in some lakes and rivers when they found fish with rotting skin. People are told not to eat too much fish because of pollution. Most American cities put their garbage in the ground. But New York and a few other cities put their garbage in the ocean. Boston Harbor is so polluted that scientists say it won’t recover until the next century. The government has ordered the city to build a sewage treatment plant, Cleaning up oceans won’t be easy, but people can no longer ignore（忽视）this challenge.The main idea of the article is that _____.
| A．ocean waters around America have become polluted. |
| B．Americans are bringing too much garbage to the beach. |
| C．beaches were closed because Americans were shocked. |
| D．going to the beach is many American’s favorite activity. |
The oceans are polluted by _____.
| A．swimmers, AIDS patients and fish. |
| B．Boston, San Francisco and New York only. |
| C．garbage, sewage and medical waste and so on. |
| D．swimmers and fishes |
Many polluted waters are beautiful because _____.
| A．chemicals can be beautiful. |
| B．they have been cleaned up. |
| C．pollution is underwater or hard to see. |
| D．there are still many fish in them |
More people can go to the beaches near Boston if _____.
| A．the city puts its garbage in the ground |
| B．a sewage plant is built |
| C．they don’t eat too much fish |
| D．they stop polluting the water |
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