某同学在撰写研究性学习论文时，在参考文献中列出了以下文章（书

Thousands of people began pouring into Pennsylvania from other states. They wanted to buy lottery(彩票) tickets. The tickets cost only $0.9each. But that small spending could bring them a reward of $90 million. That was the second largest lottery jackpot(积累奖金) in history。
More than 87 million tickets were bought for the Pennsylvania lottery drawing . Those who bought tickets had to choose seven numbers from 1 to 80 The chance of winning was one in 9.6 million. But that little chance certainly did not affect tickets sales. In the last few days before the drawing , tickets were selling at the unbelievable rate of 500 per second .
Experts say many people buy lottery tickets because they just want to have a piece of the action .Others say the lottery is a stock market for poor people . It allows them to dream about wealth they will probably never have .
But many people believe lotteries are no better than legalized(合法化) gambling . Some critics note that most people who play are poor and may not be able to afford the tickets .There are also many addicts who take the game seriously, They may pour their life savings into lottery tickets .Some clubs have been formed to help them kick the habit.
Politicians like lotteries because they provide money that would otherwise have to come from new taxes. The profits from lotteries are usually used to pay for education or programs for senior citizens. But critics say this arrangement just allows states to legalize vice(恶习) under the name of social progress . No matter whether you regard state lotteries right or not , you can not refuse to accept their extreme popularity with many Americans .
The main idea of the passage is that________________.

A．lotteries are of great benefit to everyone who buys them.

B．play a lottery is just like investing in the stock market

C．a lot of people buy lottry tickets ,but lotteries cause disagreement

D．lotteries are just legalized vice

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?

A．Politicians like lotteries because they do not have to pay extra tax.

B．The popularity of lotteries in America actually is social progress .

C．Some critics do not like lotteries because many poor people waste their money on them .

D．People love the lottery because it is a stock market.

In just one hour in the last few days , the Pennsylvania lottery sold tickets totaling about ______________.

A．$1.62million

B．$90 million

C．$9.6million

D．$87million

People who are addicted to playing lotteries should __________.

A．join a club	B．kick the habit
C．win the Pennsylvania	D．save every cent

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The main cause why some children are aggressive and are “always angry with the world ”is that they have no idea how to realize that the term “problem solving” does not necessary mean solving a math problem or an assignment. When you hear experts tell you to teach your children problem_solving skill, what they mean is to teach your kids all about emotional managing and learning to cross the stormy waters of childhood ,and eventually , life .
Parents should teach their children as early as possible how to handle certain situations . Young children easily lose their temper .When things do not go their way , it makes them angry and frustrated and they can get violent . Especially since young child have limited self control , bursting into anger is a very easy thing for them to do .
Anything can set up a child’s tantrum . For example , you and your child went to the mall . He told you that he wanted to buy a new toy , but you refused because he had already had one on his birthday. He insisted because this one was the new version . But you still refused , so he began to get angry and started screaming .
There are a few things that you can do to teach your child some problem _solving skills. First, you need to find out what the problem is . Perhaps your child is having problems identifying the cause of his frustrations . As a parent, it will not be that hard for you to know what is going on in your child’life. After he calms down, ask him quietly why he got so mad and then together , help him think why he was so angry . When your child figures out what is really making him upset , help him think of ways to solve the problem and help him look at all his reactions and evaluate the potential consequences.
who would probably show interest in the passage ?
A, Experts B, Teachers C, Parents D,Children
In paragraph 2 , the writer stresses that it is necessary for______________.
A, parents to guide their children through troubling cases.
B, parents to solve some problems for their children
C, children to depend on their parents sometimes
D, children to manage bad situations as their parents do
In paragraph 3 the underlined word “tantrum” can be best replaced by “_________”
A, anger B, habit C, stress D, aim
Which would be the best title for the passage ?
A, Taking more care of your children.
B, Teaching your children problem_solving skills.
C, What are problem_solving skills.
D, Why do your children become so angry ?

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1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artist.So he invented a very simple camera (照相机).He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden .That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different processs. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's process. Travellers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, the process was improved. Now photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to carry lots of film and processing equipment. But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States, where from the 1840s daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.
Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life-like and full of personality.
Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy film readymade in rolls. So they did not have to make the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later, meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.
With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favourite places. They called these pictures "snapshots".
Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawings.
Photography had turned into a form of art by the beginning of the 20^th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
The passage is mainly about______________.

A．the invention of cameras

B．a kind of new art -- photography

C．the development of photography

D．the different uses of cameras in history

The first pictures of a war were taken by ____________.

A．a French photographer in the 1840s

B．an American photographer in the 1860s

C．a German reporter in the 1880s

D．a French artist in the 1890s

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the photography in the 19^th century?

A．It was mainly based on the invention of the first photograph.

B．Photographers were popular in the United States because they carried lots of equipment.

C．Photographers used to make film themselves and developed it immediately after taking a photo.

D．Small handheld cameras made it possible for anyone to become a gifted photographer.

In which order are the following statements mentioned in the passage?
a. Photographs became popular in newspapers.
b. Photographers carried processing equipment when taking pictures.
c. The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.
d. Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.
e. Brady took pictures of famous people.

A．e,a, d, b, c	B．d, b, e, c, a
C．b, e, c, a, d	D．d, c, e, a , b

Photography can also be an art form because artists can ____________.

A．take anything they like

B．keep a record of real life

C．take photos of the famous

D．show ideas and feelings in pictures

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Pigs are always considered dirty animals because they roll in mud．But in fact they prefer being quite clean．They cover themselves with mud to help stay cool．During cooler weather, they prefer to stay clean．So do elephants,who also cover themselves in dust or mud to keep cool．When they find a place with clean water they will take a bath，using their long noses to give themselves—or each other—a nice shower
Some animals use dust to get clean．Chinchillas (南美洲栗鼠) have very fine fur． They don`t like to take water baths because water is not warm enough for them．So, instead, they roll around in fine dust．The dust helps to keep their fur and skin dry．This protects them from disease
Usually, a small bird is a light meal for a crocodile．But when a crocodile wants its teeth cleaned．it lies on the ground with its mouth open．The crocodile bird goes in and picks out any parasites(寄生虫)between the crocodile`s teeth or under its tongue．The crocodile gets its mouth cleaned，and the crocodile bird gets dinner．
You wouldn`t think fish would need baths．But some undersea parasites live under the fish`s skin．“Cleaner”fish，like the wrasse(隆头鱼)，help take them away．The wrasse stands on its head and dances to signal a big fish that it is ready to go into the cleaning business．The big fish will stop moving and open its mouth wide so the wrasse can swim inside and pick out parasites and bits of food．
The passage is mainly about how animals ．

A．stay clean

B．help each other

C．get their food

D．Take baths

What can we learn from the first paragraph about pigs?

A．They can help each other take baths．

B．They are dirtier during cooler weather．

C．They prefer taking baths to rolling in mud．

D．They like to stay cool and clean．

Chinchillas use dust to get clean for the following reasons EXCEPT that ．

A． dust can dry their fur and skin

B．They are not good at swimming

C．Water is too cold for them

D．Dust is good for their health

From Paragraphs 3 and 4，we earl know that ．

A．some animals can get clean from others`help

B．Most animals are friendly to each other

C．small animals couldn`t get food from big ones

D．All of the animals prefer to stay clean

We can infer from the last paragraph that the wrasse

A．is often eaten by other fish

B．1ikes under other fish`s skin

C．is a small kind of fish

D．1ikes taking baths

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Moving to a new city and state was difficult for me, especially in winter. Little did I know that a Colorado snowstorm would greet me after I had been in my new home for only a week.
I just missed home. But more than the old house and the beach, I missed Stacey, my best friend. And I missed our lovely tea. Going to a sweet little tearoom, we had discovered was a special treat for us. The place was a Victorian dream, with delicate teacups and tablecloths with flower prints. The hat shelf near the front door swept us back to childhood. Stacey and I became little girls, trying on different hats until we found the perfect one for our dress-up tea party. We would then choose a lovely table and order our tea. That was a precious time, filled with laughter between scones（煎饼） and sharing our lives between tiny cucumber sandwiches.
Springtime descended upon Denver, and the sun lightened my heart. But I still fought loneliness almost every day. I decided to explore the Denver area. While my husband went to the office, I took time to see what our new area had to offer.
One day, I was walking along the street when suddenly the words "Tea Leaves" caught my eye. A tea room? Here, in the land of loneliness and pain?
I walked through the doors, and tears came to my eyes. It was a beautiful room, not Victorian, but simple and lovely.
I sat down and ordered a pot of tea, a cucumber sandwich, and some scones. It felt silly and wonderful --- and it felt like home. For the first time since moving, I felt as if this new city and state could be, would eventually be, my home. I would come back here and bring new friends. When Stacey visited, we would come here.
I lifted my cup and made a silent toast. I toasted Stacey, whom I missedly, and I toasted the sweet little tearoom that lessened my pain.
The author's hometown ______________.

A．never snows	B．is still warm in winter
C．has a long history	D．is in an area by the sea

The underlined word "treat" in Paragraph 2 probable means ____________.

A．delicious food	B．something pleasant
C．service	D．a kind of tea party

We can know from Paragraph 3 that the author ______________.

A．didn't adapt to the new life

B．felt comfortable in the new environment in spring

C．didn't feel lonely any more in spring

D．wanted to actively adapt to the new environment

Which of the following about "Tea Leaves" is true?

A．It made the author recall her childhood.

B．It looks silly and wonderful.

C．Cucumber sandwiches and scones are its specialties.

D．It touched the author.

We can infer from the text that the author would probably ____________.

A．open her own teahouse

B．ask the owner of the teahouse to decorate it like a home

C．make new friends in Denver

D．go back to her hometown to visit Stacey

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