Bollworms are a traditional threat to cotton crops．Young ones feed on the boll, the part of the
cotton plant that contains the seeds．
A bacterium known as Bt is able to kill bollworms and some other pests．Bt is short form for Bacillus thuringiensis．It was discovered in the early twentieth century．Farmers began using Bt as a natural pesticide（杀虫剂）．
Then，in the 1990s，researchers found a way to grow cotton plants that contain a Bt gene．The genetically modified cotton plant produces toxins that kill bollworms．Farmers around the world are now growing an estimated fourteen million hectares of Bt cotton．
Cotton bollworms also attack other crops．But scientists in China recently reported that Bt cotton may help suppress bollworm in other crops growing nearby．
The study involved crops grown in six provinces of northern China between 1992 and 2008.The study area contained three million hectares of cotton and twenty-two million hectares of corn，peanuts，soybeans and vegetables．
The researchers say the study suggested that Bt cotton not only controls bollworm on the transgenic cotton，but also may reduce its presence on other crops．And that reduction，they say，may decrease the need for insecticide use in general．
But the researchers also pointed out concerns．They say bollworms could develop resistance to the cotton plants designed to resist them．And they noted that insects called mirids have become “key pests” of cotton in China．They said this is because of a decrease in pesticide use made possible by Bt cotton．
The researchers say they do not believe that Bt cotton alone can solve all insect problems．Instead，they say farmers in China should consider it just one part of pest management systems．
44．What is Bt in this passage?
A．It's a kind of hi-tech invention． B．It's a natural bacterium．
C．It's a kind of pest． D．It's a man-made pesticide．
45．Bt cotton has all the advantages EXCEPT that ________．
A．it resists bollworms
B．it does good to other crops growing around
C．it reduces the use of insecticide
D．it helps to develop new insects
46．The underlined word “ones” in the first paragraph refers to ________．
A．bollworms B．cotton crops C．cotton seeds D．pests
47．From the passage，we can infer ________．
A．farmers around the world are now growing a large area of Bt cotton
B．researchers are probably now searching for new ways to solve other cotton problems
C．bollworms could not exist in Bt cotton any longer
D．Chinese scientists found the way to grow Bt cotton
In February 2006, Lydia Angyiou and her two sons were walking through their village in northern Canada．The sound of children shouting made her turn around．To her horror, Lydia saw a 700-pound polar bear behind her eyeing her seven-year-old son．Getting between the bear and her child, Lydia yelled at the children to run away．She then began hitting and kicking the animal as hard as she could．A neighbor who heard all the noise came and shot the bear．But everyone agreed it was Lydia who had saved her children's lives．A local policeman described it this way: “…I guess when your back is up against the wall…we come up with super-human strength．”
Where does this “super-human strength”，courage and quick thinking come from? Experts say it comes from stress! In stressful situations, the body releases chemicals that prepare it to take action．These chemicals give people the speed and strength they need to fight danger or run away from it．
When we think of stress, we usually think of its negative effects．Studies, though, show that moderate levels of stress are actually helpful．In fact, the way we perform is usually affected by the amount of stress we feel．
Stress causes the brain to release adrenaline（肾上腺素）which in turn increases our energy and excitement．The chemical gives us clearer minds and helps us to do more．This is why some people say they work better under a deadline．
Adrenaline that is not released for long periods of time can cause us to increase and strengthen our abilities instead of weakening them．We sometimes turn out our very best work when we push ourselves to the limit．Stress can also make us more confident．Handling small amounts of stress now prepares us for handling serious situations in the future．Who knows? Today's stress may even prepare for the next polar bear that comes along!In the first paragraph, the case of Lydia Angyiou is mentioned to ______．
| A．introduce the topic to be followed |
| B．praise Lydia Angyiou for her bravery |
| C．remind us of the unexpected danger of life |
| D．show the importance of super-human strength |
What does the policeman probably mean by saying "your back is up against the wall"?
| A．You are helped． | B．You are inspired． |
| C．You are confident． | D．You are cornered． |
What would be the best title for the passage?
| A．Brave Mother | B．The Cause of Stress |
| C．The Benefit of Stress | D．Super-human Strength |
When you go to St．Petersburg, the number of attractions can seem large．If you are short of time, or just want to make sure to hit the highlights, these are the top must-see sights in St. Petersburg.
1.The Hermitage Museum
The Hermitage Museum is one of the most important sights to see for any visitor to St. Petersburg. There are lots of different paintings by the old masters in the Hermitage. Prepare to come face-to-face with classic Western artists.
2. Kizhi Island
Kizhi Island is an open-air museum of wooden architecture from the Karelia Region of Russia. These impressive structures are made entirely without nails - the wood fits together with joints and grooves(沟槽).
3. Peterhof
Peterhof is as beautiful as it is fun. You’ll be charged for admission, but go to Petethof when the fountaions are working—during the day in the summer. They are shut off in winter evenings.
4. The Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood
Love it or hate it, the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood in St. Petersburg is an enthralling must-see sight. The beautiful look may make y our eyes brighten, and the painting sinside the church will make you say “Wow!”
5. The Bronze Horseman Statue
The so-called Bronze Horseman is a part of Russian culture and a symbol of St. Petersburg. Made famous by Alexander Pushkin, this statue of Peter the Great sitting on his horse can truly show Peter the Great’s influence on the Russian idce of greatness.If you are interested in paintings, you’d better go to .
| A．Peterhof and Kizhi Island |
| B．the Hcrmitagee Museum and Peterhof |
| C．Kizhi lsland and the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood |
| D．the hermitage Museum and the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood |
We can learn from the passage that .
| A．visitors can visit Peterhof for free |
| B．the buildings of Kizhi Island are made of wood |
| C．the fountains in Peterhof can be seen all year round |
| D．the largest collection of Russian arts is in the Hermitage Museum |
The main purpose of the passage is to .
| A．show the wonderful history of Russia |
| B．persuade artists to study St. Petersburg |
| C．recommend the famous buildings in Russia |
| D．introduce the must-see sights in St. Petersburg |
The underlined phrase (in Para 1) “hit the highlights” means .
| A．to save more time | B．to learn more knowledge |
| C．to go to the high buildings | D．to visit the most interesting sights |
第二卷(共35分)
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的横线上填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空只填一个单词。
There are a number of languages spoken throughout the world. Every person knows at least one language, which he learns in his childhood and is routinely used for speaking and writing. However, many people are fond of learning two or more languages, so they try to be bilingual, which means that they try to have the knowledge of two or more languages. And being bilingual can bring a person a number of benefits in various aspects. For example:
A person can get cognitive(认知的) benefits from it. The bilingual people have two or more words for each idea and object. Therefore, a bilingual person can develop a creative thinking. The bilinguals are aware of which language should be spoken with which person in a particular situation. So they are more sensitive(敏感的) to the needs of the listener than the people who only use one language: Being bilingual also improves and enriches a person's mental development.
Being bilingual has a positive effect on a person's character. The bilinguals are able to switch between different languages and talk to different people in various languages. It increases a sense of self-esteem( 自尊). Being bilingual creates a powerful link in different people from different countries.
A bilingual education offers better curriculum(课程) results. The bilinguals tend to show a higher performance in examinations and tests. The bilinguals find it quite easy to learn and speak three, four or more languages.
Being bilingual offers potential employment benefits. It offers a wider choice of jobs in various fields. The bilinguals can get a great many career opportunities in transport, tourism, public relations, marketing and sales, banking, translation, law, teaching and so on.
So it can be concluded from the above that we should try our best to learn and master two or more languages.
Title: 71.__________ of being bilingual
| 72._________ |
Having the knowledge of two or more languages. |
|||
| Benefits
|
Cognition |
● Make a person think 73.__________. ● Make a person more sensitive to the listener's 74.__________. ● Improve and enrich a person's mental development. |
||
| 75._________ |
● Increase a person's sense of 76.__________. ●Create a powerful link in different people from different countries. |
|||
| Curriculum |
● Enable a person to 77.__________ better in examinations and tests. ● Make a person easily learn and speak more languages. |
|||
| 78._________ |
● Offer a person more 79.__________ in finding jobs. |
|||
| 80.________ |
We should try our best to learn and master two or more languages. |
D
Although women lead healthier, longer lives, the cruel perception that they reach their sell-by date and become “old” sooner than men is widespread in the workplace, research shows.
A survey of more than 2,600 managers and personnel professionals showed that age discrimination is not only common in the workplace, but is full of inconsistencies(矛盾). Six in ten managers thought that they had suffered from age discrimination——usually because they were turned down for a job for being too old or too young. Yet more than a fifth admitted that they used age as a condition when they employ new workers.
Although the survey found widespread agreement that older workers were better than younger colleagues when it came to reliability, commitment, loyalty and customer service, these qualities were not necessarily considered to be worthy of advancement. More than half of respondents believed that workers between 30 and 39 were the most likely to be advanced in their company, with only 2 per cent citing (引证)50-year-olds or above.
Dianah Worman of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development said that there was anecdotal evidence that people were considered old at different ages in different sectors. “We heard of one man working in IT who said he was considered too old by the age of 28,”she said.“There was no evidence to suggest that older workers were less valuable to companies than younger workers, in fact the opposite was often true because older workers often brought experience.” she added.
The findings also suggested that the Government’s ideas on age in the workforce may also be out of step with reality.
68. The text is mainly about ______.
A. the government’s idea on age in workforce
B. age discrimination in the workforce
C. the people who find work
D. the discussion about who is worth promoting
69. The underlined word “sell-by date” in paragraph 1 probably refers to______.
A. the age when they retire
B. the age when they should be promoted
C. the date on which they’re sold
D. the date when they sell goods
70. The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to ______.
A. tell the government to employ older workers
B. criticize managers who treat workers unfairly
C. report the findings of a survey
D. show he objects to age discrimination
C
Thousands of jobs come into our Job Centre every week, but they get snapped up (抢购) quickly. So although we shall do all we can to help you, it’s important for you to do all you can to help yourself. This passage tells you how.
Registered for work
Once you have registered for work we will match you with available vacancies. If you want to claim unemployment benefit (失业津贴), you also have to get registered at our Job Centre. But you actually apply for and claim it at the local Unemployment Office.
Getting a job through self-service
Jobs that come in are put on self-service show as soon as possible. Half the people who find jobs through our Job Centre find them through self-service. You can call in at any time to look at the jobs shown.
Come to our Employment Advisers
If you want more help or advice, don’t forget that’s what we’re here for. Our Employment Advisers can help you with things like:
★thinking about the different sorts of jobs you could do and which are best for you.
★jobs available locally or elsewhere.
★whether you are suitable for a TOPS training course.
★funds to help you look for, and move to, work in other parts.
Even though you have a clear idea of the sort of job and pay you want, you may find that something different will suit you quite well. Keep this in mind when you are talking with Employment Advisers.
If you don’t find a job on your first visit
Go into self-service as often as you can to look at the jobs on show there. Good vacancies are coming in all the time just because you’ve been registered for work.
64.The purpose of the passage is to .
A. tell people how to become an Employment Adviser
B. teach the unemployed people how to get registered for work
C. give information about services available for the unemployed
D. introduce the TOPS training course for the unemployed
65.The unemployed people can claim unemployment benefit from .
A. the Job Centre B. all the Unemployment Offices
C. the Employment Advisers D. the local Unemployment Office
66.Employment Advisers can .
A. help you find out what kind of jobs suits you best
B. help you register for work and use self - service
C. help you claim as much unemployment benefit as possible
D. help you find a job suitable for you on your first visit
67.The underlined word “vacancies” in the passage means .
A. jobs B. benefits C .suggestions D. Services
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