Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent（潜流） of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will appear, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from Isaac Newton.
Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn't been born yet, or is a baby now. That's because the search for a unified theory that would explain all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created after the problem can be solved.
But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein appearing anytime soon. For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein's day, there were a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theorists who could argue with Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare. Education is different, too. One key aspect of Einstein's training that-is little noticed is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager --- Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently about space and time and it wasn't long before he became a philosopher himself.
And Einstein was a clever musician. The interplay between music and math is well-known. Einstein would play his violin hard as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.
Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren't many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills. Those who stay in science don’t work alone and they sometimes do experiment together which takes years.
It's hard to imagine a renegade(背叛者) like Einstein standing it. “Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene, “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.”According to the second paragraph, the next Einstein will ___________.
| A．have to create new math | B．create a unified theory |
| C．have to be born now | D．push math to its limits |
The underlined words “knotty” in the fourth paragraph means ____________.
| A．easy | B．interesting | C．strange | D．difficult |
Which of the following will be useful for the next Einstein to be born?
| A．There will be music around. |
| B．There will be no problems to solve. |
| C．There will be suitable philosophy to study. |
| D．There are only a few physicists. |
The bold words “unified theory” in Paragraph 2 refers to ___________.
| A．agreement | B．mathematical rule |
| C．unique idea | D．physical saying |
The Winter Olympics is also called the White Olympics. At this time, many colorful stamps are published to mark the great Games. The first stamps marking the opening came out on January 25, 1932 in the United States for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule.
During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany in November 1936. The five rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswear. It was the first time that the rings had appeared on the stamps of the White Olympics.
In the 1950’s, the stamps of this kind became more colorful. When the White Olympics came, the host countries as well as the non-host countries published stamps to mark those Games. China also published four stamps in February 1980, when the Chinese sports men began to take part in the White Olympics.
Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise money for this sports meet.
Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen. We can infer from the passage that ______.
| A．No stamps were printed in the first two White Olympics |
| B．The first stamps marking the opening came out for the 3rd White Olympics |
| C．The 3rd White Olympics was in the USA |
| D．The 3rd White Olympics were held in 1932 |
The world made it a rule to publish stamps to mark the great world games _____.
| A．after the year 1936 | B．after the 3rd White Olympics |
| C．before the 3rd White Olympics | D．before the year 1932 |
The Winter Olympics is held once _______.
| A．every two years | B．every three years |
| C．every four years | D．every five years |
Which of the following is TRUE?
| A．Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games. |
| B．Only the non-host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games. |
| C．All the countries can publish stamps to mark those Games. |
| D．Japan can’t publish stamps to mark those Games |
What may appear on the stamps of the White Olympics?
| A．Basketball. | B．Table tennis. | C．Football. | D．Skating. |
Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The building next door was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, yet I could see her seated by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.
After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself, “I wonder why that woman doesn't wash her window. It really looks terrible.”
One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside. Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean!
Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.
That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings?
Since then, whenever I wanted to judge someone, I asked myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?”
Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly. The writer couldn't see everything clearly through the window because .
| A．the woman's window was dirty | B．the writer's window was dirty |
| C．the woman lived nearby | D．the writer was near-sighted |
Finishing the cleaning, the writer was surprised that .
| A．the woman was sitting by her window | B．the woman's window was clean |
| C．the woman did cleaning in the afternoon | D．the woman's window was still terrible |
“…it dawned on me” probably means “ ”.
| A．I began to understand it | B．it cheered me up |
| C．I knew it grew light | D．it began to get dark |
It’s clear that .
| A．the writer had never met the woman before | B．the writer often washed the window |
| C．they both worked as cleaners | D．they lived in a small town |
From the passage, we can learn .
| A．one shouldn't criticize others very often |
| B．one should often make his windows clean |
| C．one must judge himself before he judges others |
| D．one must look at others through his dirty windows |
Most people think that the
capital of the movie world is Hollyhood, in the United States. However, the real movie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used to be known as Bombay, and so the film industry there is called “Bollywood.” Bollywood makes twice as man
y movies each year as Hollyhood—more than 800 films a year.
The movies from Bollywood are very different from Hollywood movies. For one thing, Bollywood movies are much longer than most Hollywood movies. Most Bollywood movies are more than three hours long, and contain singing, dancing, action, adventure, mystery, and romance (but usually no kissing). Because Bollywood films contain so many different features, this style of film is sometimes called a “masala” film. (“Masala” is an Indian word for a mixture of spice
s.)
Another big difference between Bollywood and Hollywood movies is the way movies are made. It takes much longer to make a movie in Hollywood than in Bollywood. In fact, filming may begin on a Bollywood movie before the script even finished. The director and writers can make up the story while the film is being made. Sometimes they will even write the script by hand instead of taking time to type it.
Bollywood actors are very popular and some are in such high demand that they may work on several movies at the same time. They may even shoot scenes for several films on the same day using the same costumes and scenery. Since most Bollywood movies follow the same kind of story, shooting scenes for several films at the same time is not a big problem for actors or directors. This also helps keep the cost of Bollywood movies lower than the cost of Hollywood movies. The average Bollywood film, with a budget of only two million U.S. dollars, seems very cheap compared to the average budget of sixty million U.S. dollars for a Hollywood film—thirty times as much! What is the main topic of the reading?
| A．famous stars in Bollywood | B．how Hollywood movies are made |
| C．the differences between two movie industries | D．the history of movie-making in India |
What is NOT true about Mumbai?
| A．It is the movie capital of India. |
| B．The new name is Bombay. |
| C．More movies are made there than in Hollywood. |
| D．It is less expensive to make films there than in Hollywood. |
Why are Bollywood films often called “masala” films?
| A．They have spicy stories. | B．They show Indian culture. |
| C．They are much longer than Hollywood films. | D．They mix different styles of movies. |
Bollywood movies are cheap to make because ____________________ .
| A．they are shorter than Hollywood films. |
| B．the scripts are written by hand. |
| C．the movies do not use any special effects. |
| D．each movie reuses things from other movies. |
Which of these statements would the writer probably agree with?
| A．Most Bollywood movies are very similar. |
| B．It takes a lot of money to make a good movie. |
| C．Only Indian people can understand Bollywood movies. |
| D．Hollywood movies are too violent. |
DJs (disc jockeys) are the people who play and present music on the radio, or in nightclub. A VJ (video jockey) is a person who introduces music videos on television.
VJs were first seen on television in the early 1980s when MTV went on the air. As MTV caught on, and the audience for music videos expanded, a variety of other music video channels started broadcasting. In addition to rock music, there were channels for people who were into alternative kinds of music, such as country music, light rock, and R & B,
and all of these channels needed VJs. By the 1990s, international music video channels like Channel V in Asia and VIVA in Europe had started.
The VJs for the new international stations had to be chosen carefully. Although some VJs did shows focused on small audiences and showed mostly local content, other VJs presented shows for international viewers. These VJs, and the material they presented, needed to be popular in several different cultures.
One successful international VJ in Asia is Asha Gill. 
She is from Malaysia, but parents and grandparents are fro
m India, France, and England. She speaks three languages and has fans across Asia, from Japan to the United Arab Emirates.
Another VJ who has made a big hit in Asia is Lili. She is actually a computer-animated VJ on MTV Asia. An actress wearing special computer equipment makes Lili move like a puppet. Th
e actress also talks for Lili, and her shows can be seen in five languages.
When asked what makes 
a good video jockey, many successful VJs have given similar answers. To be a good VJ you need to know a lot about music, you need to be funny, and you can’t be shy.What is the reading mainly about?
| A．how to become a VJ | B．the most popular VJ today |
| C．the differences between DJs and VJs | D．some general information about VJs |
What kind of music did the first VJ probably introduce?
| A．classical | B．rhythm and blues | C．rock and pop | D．country |
What do Channel V and VIVA have in common?
| A．They are both owned by MTV. |
| B．They are music video channels in Asia. |
| C．They do not use VJs to introduce the music. |
| D．They have viewers in more than one country. |
Which is NOT true about Asha Gill?
| A．She speaks more than one language. | B．Her family were all born in Malaysia. |
| C．She’s popular in quite a lot of Asian countries. | D．She is a successful VJ. |
Which of the following does th
e passage NOT mention as being important for someone who wants to be a VJ?
| A．speak many different languages | B．listen to a lot of music |
| C．talk easily with different people | D．being able to make people laugh |
Can you understand the beginning of this essay?
“My smmr hols wr CWOTT. B4, we usd 2go2 NY 2C my bro, his GF & 3 kds FTF.”
The Scottish teacher who received it in class had no idea what the girl who wrote it meant. The essay was written in a form of English used in cell phone text messages. Text messages (also called SMS2) through cell phones became very popular in the late 1990s. At first, mobile phone companies thought that text messaging would be a good way to send messages to customers, but customers quickly began to use the text messaging service to send messages to each other. Teenagers in particular enjoyed using text messaging, and they began to create a new language for messages called texting.
A text message is limited to 160 characters, including letters, spaces, and numbers
, so messages must be kept short. In addition, typing on the small keypad of a cell phone is difficult, so it’s common to make words shorter. In texting, a single letter or number can represent a word, like “r” for “are,”“u” for “you,” and “2” for “to.” Several letters can also represent a phrase, like “lol” for “laughing out loud.” Another characteristic of texting is the lea
ving out of letters in a word, like spelling “please” as “pls.”
Some parents and teachers worry that texting will make children bad spellers and bad writers. The student who wrote the essay at the top of this page said writing that way was more comfortable for her. (The essay said, “My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three kids face to face.”)
Not everyone agrees that texting is a bad thing. Some experts say languages always evolve, and this is just another way for English to change. Other people believe texting will disappear soon. New technology for voice messages may soon make text messages a thing of the past.What is the writer’s opinion of text messaging?
| A．It is fun and easy to do. |
| B．It is not bad for children. |
| C．It will make children bad writers. |
| D．The writer does not give an opinion. |
Which characteristic of texting is NOT described in the passage?
| A．Using phrases to represent essays |
| B．Using numbers to represent words |
| C．Using letters to represent phrases |
| D．Using letters to represent words |
Which of the following was most probably the title of the student’s essay?
| A．My Gr8 Tchr | B．CU in LA | C．My GF | D．My Smmr Hols |
Why do some people think that texting is bad?
| A．It costs too much. | B．It’s too difficult to type. |
| C．Children won’t learn to write correctly. | D．It’s not comfortable. |
Why aren’t some people worried about the effect of texting?
| A．Not many people use texting. |
| B．Spelling in English is too difficult. |
| C．Children quickly become bored with texting. |
| D．Texting will disappear because of new technology. |
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