Lead（铅）deposits,whichaccumulat

首页 / 高中英语 / 试题详细

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
难度较易
浏览 1042

Lead（铅） deposits, which accumulated（增加） in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated（托管） unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation world-wide has decreased greatly.
A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的) snow were declining（减少）.
In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasoline and thus enabled scientists to differentiate (分区) the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.
In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the North-eastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline. Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.
The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed (再分配)the lead faster than the scientists had expected. Scientists say both studies show that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统 ) respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.
1. The study published in the journal Nature indicates that ________.
A. the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired results
B. lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increase
C. lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected
D. the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow
2. Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US ________.
A. was discouraged B. was carried out by law
C. was forbidden by law D. was introduced
3. How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?
A. By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.
B. By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.
C. By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.
D. By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.
4. The authors of the Ambio study have found that ________.
A forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected
B. lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with
C. lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the US
D. the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions
5. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists ________.
A. are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollution
B. feel ease by the use of unleaded gasoline
C. still consider lead pollution a problem
D. lack enough means to combat lead pollution

登录免费查看答案和解析

相关试题

B
How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue SO well?When we compare them
With adults learning a foreign language，we often find this interesting fact．A little child without
knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language．A grown—up person with fully developed mental powers，in most cases，may end up with a faulty and inexact corflllland．What accounts for tllis difference?
Despite other explanations。tlle real answer in my opinion hes partly in the child himself，partly in the behaviour of the people around him．In the first place，the time of learning the mother tongue in the most favorable of all，namely，the first years of hfe．A child hears it spoken from morning till night and，what is more important，always in its genuine form，with the right pronunciation，rightIntonation，right use of words and right structure．He drinksin all the words and expressions which come to him in a hsh．ever—bubbhng spring．There is no resistance：there is perfect assimilation．
Then the child has，as it were，private lessons all the year round，while an adult language—
student has each week a limited number of hours which he generally shares with others．The child
has another advantage：he hears the language in all possible situations，always accompanied by the
right kind of gestures and facial expressions．Here there is nothing unnatural，such as is often found
In language lessons in schools，when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him．Again and again，when his attempts at speech a聪successful，his desires are understood and fulfilled．
Finally，though a child’S“teachers”may not have been trained in language teaching，their re-
lations with him are always close and personal．ney take great pains to Inske their lessons easy．
60．’rhe main idea of the passage is——．
A．to tell why the native language is learnt SO well by children
B．to teach children to learn their lllothei"language we
C．to show that children’S teacher should take great p8ins to make their lessons easy
D．to do research into the difference between children and adults
61．What does the underlined phrase“dlq．nks in”in paragraph 2 mean?
A．drinks alcohol B．has a drink of C．takes in D．tastes
62．An adult has more difflculties in learning foreign languages well for the reason that_____．
A．children are more indiligent than adults
B．adults pay less attention to learning／anguages than children．
C．children have private lessons all the year around
D．an adult language—student has limited time to share with others
63．Ⅵmo ale the teachers teaching a child to learn his mother language?
A。His parents． B．His teachers． C．People around him．D．Himself．

题型：未知
难度：未知

收藏答案/解析

第三部分阅读理解(共20小题：每小题2分．满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、c和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It’s wonderful when teenage dreams collie true after a lot of hard work．Ban Ki—Moon，foreign minister of the Republic of Korea，knows this only too well．He dreamt of being a diplomat(外交官)from a young age and now"the 63-year—old has become the world’s top diplomat．
On October 9，2006，UN Security Council appointed Ban to take the place of Secretary General
Kofi Annan．Next January he will become the first Asian to take the post in 35 years．
Bom into a pool"family in ROK，s Chungju，young Ban showed early talent at languages．In his
Senior 1 year he wrote an English book to help his classmates study．At 18 Ban WOn the first prize in an English speaking eompetidon．This allowed him to travel to Washington and meet the former US President John F．Kennedy．“This was the moment when my dream began，”said Ban．
Ever since then Ban worked hard to keep his dream alive．After graduating from the top—ranking Seoul National University，he joined the foreign ministry and became its most industrious(勤奋的)worker．In 2004 he became the top diplomat in the ROK．
Ban，s down—to—earth efforts also gave him the ability to get along with everyone．After being a diplomat for 36 years，he made many friends but no enemies．
But critics think his gentleness might make him ready to give in．They doubt whether he can take a strong stand on burning issue like the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s(DPRK，朝鲜)nuclear programme．
As the DPRK ll／mounced a successful nuelefltr test on October 9，2006，experts said the UN’s new boss would be challenged by his first tough task．But Ban，who played a leading role in past nuclear talks with the DPRK，seems to have his own ideas．
“I understand the power of Tai Chi(太极)well，”said Ban．He’s ready to travel to Pyongyang
to talk its leaders into giving up nuclear weapons．
“Ban has a typical oriental style，mild but determined”says Yoon Young—Kwan former foreign minister of the ROK．“He may look soft from the outside。but inside he has strong views．’’
56.Ban Ki—Moon was allowed t0 meet former US President John F．Kennedy because——．
A.he dreamt of being a diplomat    B．his English was excellent
C. he wrote an English book D．he was a most industrious worker
57.What does the underhned phrase“my dream”refer to?
A.The UN chief．    B．The foreign minister of POK．
C.A diplomat．      D．The US president．
58.Which of the following is the best sentence to be put into the blank in Para．8 7
A.1 will think over a s仕ong way to solve the problem．
B.Soft ways are often the best to deal with intense conflicts．
C.The nuclear programme of DPRK is very demanding．
D．Terrible conflicts should be settled by all the countries．
59.Acording to the text，we can infer that——．
A．Ban Ki—Moon has no idea about dealing with the nuclear programme
B. Ban Ki—Moon likes playing Tai Chi in his spare time
C．An Asian took the post of UN chief in 1973
D．Ban Ki—Moon became the world’S top diplomat at the age of 60

题型：未知
难度：未知

收藏答案/解析

C
Latest data shows an estimated 39.5 million people around the world are living with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. According to the report, this means every eight seconds somebody in the world is infected with HIV, resulting in 11,000 people becoming newly infected every day.
The director of UNAIDS, Peter Piot, says most of the new infections, nearly two-thirds, are in Sub-Saharan Africa. But, the biggest increases are in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, where infection rates have risen by more than 50 percent since 2004. He says 2.9 million people died from AIDS-related illnesses this year, the highest number ever.
UNAIDS senior epidemiologist(流行病学家), Karen Stanecki, says infections are rising in countries where HIV prevention programs have not adapted to the changing nature of the epidemics(流行病). Stanecki noted，"In Thailand, one of our past success stories, a large percentage of new HIV infections are occurring in people considered to be low risk. One third of new infections are among married women."
It says data shows increased use of condoms has resulted in drops in HIV prevalence(流行) among young people between 2000 and 2005 in a number of African countries, including Botswana, Kenya and Zimbabwe. Nevertheless, the report notes young people between the ages of 15 and 24 account for 40 percent of new HIV infections. It finds the risk behavior, such as injecting drug use, homosexuals, is a factor of concern in many regions of the world, especially in Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
The report notes the emergence (出现) of injecting drug use as a factor of HIV in Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria and South Africa is a recent development in Sub-Saharan Africa.
51. According to the news report, how many people are newly infected with HIV a year?
A. 39.5 million.            B. 2.9 million.             C. 3.5 million.              D. 4 million.
52.   The highest rate of new HIV infection is in ________.
A. Sub-Saharan Africa                                      B. Eastern Europe
C. Central Asia                                                 D. both A and B
53. The underlined word “noted” in the third paragraph mean?
A. specially mentioned                                     B. said angrily
C. fully noticed                                                D. uttered weakly
54.   Which of the following statements is Not True?
A. Most of new infections of HIV are among married women.
B. Two fifths of the new infections are among young people aged 15 to 24.
C. The risk behavior, such as injecting drug use and homosexuals, exists in many parts of the world.
D. Injecting drug use occurs in many African countries.
55.   What is the main idea of the new report?
A. More and more women in the world are getting new HIV infection.
B. The AIDS epidemic continues to grow in the world.
C. The AIDS epidemic has been reduced in the world.
D. No one can tell when the AIDS epidemic will be completely controlled.

题型：未知
难度：未知

收藏答案/解析

B
At a certain time in our lives we consider every place as the possible site for a house. I have thus searched the country within a dozen miles of where I live. In imagination I have bought all the farms, one after another, and I knew their prices.
The nearest thing that I came to actual ownership was when I bought the Hollowell place. But before the owner completed the sale with me, his wife changed her mind and wished to keep it, and he offered me additional dollars to return the farm to him. However, I let him keep the dollars and sold him the farm for just what I gave for it.
The real attractions of the Hollowell farm to me were its position, being about two miles from the village, half a mile from the nearest neighbor, bounded (相邻) on one side by the river, and separated from the highway by a wide field. The poor condition of the house and fences showed that it hadn’t been used for some time. I remembered from my earliest trip up the river that the house used to be hidden behind a forest area, and I was in a hurry to buy it before the owner finished getting out some rocks, cutting down the apple trees, and clearing away some young trees which had grown up in the fields. I wanted to buy it before he made any more of his improvements. But it turned out as I have said.
I was not really troubled by the loss. I had always had a garden, but I don’t think I was ready for a large farm. I believe that as long as possible it is better to live free and uncommitted (无牵挂的). It makes but little difference whether you own a farm or not.
46.   What do we know about the author?
A. He wanted to buy the oldest farm near where he live.
B. He made a study of many farms before buying.
C. He made money by buying and selling farms.
D. He had the money to buy the best farm in the country.
47.   Why did the author decide to buy the Hollowell place?
A. It was of good market value.                  B. It was next to the highway.
C. It was is a good position.                       D. It was behind a nice garden.
48.   Why did the author want to buy the farm in a hurry?
A. He was afraid the owner might change his mind.
B. He hoped to enlarge the forest on the farm.
C. He wanted to keep the farm as it was.      D. He was eager to become a farm owner.
49.   The underlined words “the loss” in the last paragraph refer to ________.
A. the money the author lost in buying the farm
B. the sale of the garden in the Hollowell place
C. the removal of the trees around the house
D. the failure to possess the Hollowell place
50.   What does the author believe as important in life?
A. To own a farm.                                           B. To satisfy his needs.
C. To be free from worries.                        D. To live in the countryside.

题型：未知
难度：未知

收藏答案/解析

三、阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卷上。（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability. They feel hopeless about it. Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it?
To be sure, people are different. You cannot expect to do everything as well as certain other people
do. If all the students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would be very poor; and many would be in between. But even the very poor players can become much better players if they are guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice. It is the same with reading. Some seem to enjoy reading and to read well without any special help. Others find reading a slow and tiring job. In between, there are all degrees of reading ability.
Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his reading ability. In these experiments, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability. After some of the causes of their reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading. After a few months, another test of the same kind was given. In nearly all cases, these people had raised their reading scores.
41.   With the example of basketball players, the author shows ________.
A. why certain people are poor readers        B. that there are differences in people’s abilities
C. why some people are good basketball players
D. that good basketball players can be good readers
42.   To improve their reading ability, people should ________.
A. work long and hard                               B. take different forms of tests
C. have special help and practice                 D. try different reading materials
43.   The experiments mentioned in the text show that ________.
A. good readers seem to enjoy reading
B. almost all poor readers can make progress
C. causes of poor reading were difficult to find out
D. tests help people improve their reading ability
44.   What does the underlined sentence “many would be in between” mean?
A. It means that many are the best basket players.
B. It means that many are the worst basket players.
C. It means that many are standing in the middle of the line.
D. It means that there are several levels of players in many students.
45.   What’s the purpose of the author’s writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to improve their reading ability.
B. To suggest that readers should do practice only in reading.
C. To tell us that readers can’t improve their reading ability without special help.
D. To tell us that to be a good reader, one should be guided in the right way.

题型：未知
难度：未知

收藏答案/解析

推荐套卷

热门套卷