II.
完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的四个选项（A 、B、C 和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Learn to Express Thanks
“Exposed to strong sunshine and heavy winds, postmen are the most handsome.”
“Thank you, dear postmen.”
Many Teens readers write letters with such words on the envelopes. Once they are 36 , editors are always 37 by their sincere gratitude(感激的心情) to ordinary people.
38 gratitude is an important form of good 39 .In western countries, people often write a note to thank those who 40 them. Nowadays more and more people in China have found it’s high time to cultivate(培养) a thankful 41 for the good others do.
Everyone likes to get praised and appreciated. Gratitude is 42 of virtues, which lets others smile and makes the 43 more beautiful. You just need several 44 to write down a thank-you note, but it could bring much joy to the 45 .
We live in a society 46 we enjoy the different services of others. But none of them should be taken for granted. Gratitude is also a kind of attitude in life. In developing gratitude for every 
47 –for the
simple joys, and even for the 48 time—we come to 49 enjoy and appreciate life. Then we are able to see the 50 around us.
Try to write a thank-you letter to your parents for working hard to 51 you a happy life.
Be grateful to your 52 because of their help with your studies and character building.
Say thanks to your friends who 53 both your happiness and sorrow and spend a few minutes 54 you go to sleep giving thanks for all that you have.
We are sure it will bring them much joy and add 55 
into your own life as well.
36. A. said 
B.closed C. opened D. invited
37. A. surprised B. interested C. moved D. thanked
38. A. Having B. Expressing C. Taking D. Enjoying
39. A. manners B. uses C. ways D. things
40. A. helps B. has ever helped C. is helping D. have ever helped
41. A. feeling B. heart C. word D. mind
42. A. the good B. the smallest C. the greatest D. good one
43. A. world B. school C. community D. crowd
44. A. times B. words C. pieces D. minutes
45. A. performer B. receiver C. speaker D. doer
46. A. which B. when C. how D. where
47. A. time B. day C. moment D. form
48. A. managing B. challenging C. changing D. developing
49. A. simply B. truly C. hardly D. ably
50. A. truth B. reality C. experience D. magic
51. A. offer B. make C. feed D. put
52.A. classmates B. parents C. teachers D. friends
53.A. gave B. shared C. appreciated D. formed
54. A. after B. as C. before D. while
55.A. color B. taste C. means D. reflection
One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one’s mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that ,”and it is even harder to say, “I was wrong ,and you were right about that.” I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago .He told me he had been the manager of a cartons (纸箱).Then he talk of an incident and I began to remember the incident he was describing.
I was about eight years old at the time , and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the food department where the incident took place.
There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was a big show of eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were put three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of them to admire the show. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the pile of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the cartons back together, so I went to work.
The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees checking some of the cartons to if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as if I was the person who was to blame .He scolded me loudly and wanted me to pay for those broken eggs. My face turned red and I tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot the incident, but the manager did not.How old was the author when he wrote this article?
A About 8years old B About 18 years old
C About 23 years old D About 15 years old Who was to blame for knocking off the pile of cartons?
A The author B The manager
C A woman D The author’s mother Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A The woman who knocked off the pile of cartons was seriously scolded by the manager.
B The author was loudly scolded by the manager.
C A woman was loudly scolded by the manager.
D It was the author who put the cartons back together.The tone of the article expresses the author’s______
A admiration for the manager’s willingness to admit mistakes
B anger to the manager for his wrong
C dissatisfaction with the woman who knocked off the pile cartons
D regret for the mistake he made in the store
When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings.
Week by week her list grew: I was very thin; I wasn’t a good student; I talked too much; I was too proud and so on.. I tried to bear all these all these things as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly, then he asked, “Are the things she said true or not? Janet, didn’t you ever wonder what you are really like? Well, you now have the girl’s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to other things she said.”
I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half of the things were true.
some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I got a fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it, “That’s just for you,” he said. “ You know better than anyone else, the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just closing your ears anger and feeling hurt . When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Don’t shut your ears. Listen to other people’s opinions, but hear the truth and do you know is right thing to do.”
Daddy’s advice returned to me at many important moments. IN my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?
A Not an Enemy, but a Best Friend
B The Best Advice I’ve Ever Had
C My Father
D My ChildhoodWhat does “ week by week her list grew” mean?
A Week by Week, my shortcomings grew more serious.
B She had made a list of shortcomings and kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer.
C I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.
D Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and point them out.Why did her father listen to her quietly?
A Because he believed that what her daughter’s enemy said was mostly true.
B Because he had been so angry with his daughter’s shortcomings that he wanted to show this by keeping silent for a while.
C Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment.
D Because he wasn’t quite sure which girl was telling the truth. What did the father do after he heard his daughter’s complaint?
A He told her not pay any attention to what her “enemy” said
B He criticized her and told her to overcome her shortcomings.
C He told her to write down all that her “enemy” had said about her and pay attention only to the things that were true.
D He refused to take the list and have a look at it.
Our “Mommy and Me” time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and under ride their bikes up and down. “I wish I could take one of my children out alone,” said Christie.
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes one of her children out, I’ll watch her other three. And when she watches two of mine, I’ll take someone out.
The children were extremely quick to accept the idea of “Mommy and Me” time. Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first. When she returned, the other children showered her with tons of questions. McKenzie was smiling broadly. Christie looked refreshed and happy. “She’s like a different child when there’s no one else around,” Christie shared with me quickly. With her mother all to herself, McKenzie didn’t have to make an effort to gain attention.
Just as Christie had noticed changes in McKenzie, I also discovered something different in each of my children during our alone times. For example, I am always surprised when my daughter, who is seldom close to me, holds my hand frequently. My stuttering（口吃的）son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities since he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak. And the other son, Sam, who’s always a follower when around other children shines as a leader during our times together.
The “Mommy and Me” time allows us to be simply alone and away with each child ---talking, sharing, and laughing, which has been the biggest gain. Every child deserves（应得到）to be an only child at least once in a while. What is the text mainly about?
| A．The experience of the only child being with mother. |
| B．The advantage of spending time with one child at a time. |
| C．The happy life of two families. |
| D．The basic needs of children. |
Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were _____________.
| A．happy | B．curious | C．regretful | D．friendly |
What is one of the changes the author finds in her children?
| A．The daughter acts like a leader. | B．Sam holds her hand more often. |
| C．The boys become better followers. | D．Tom has less difficulty in speaking. |
The author seems to believe that ___________.
| A．having brothers and sisters is fun | B．it’s tiring to look after three children |
| C．every child needs parents’ full attention | D．parents should watch others’ children |
Early people had very little effect on the environment. They lived in caves in very small “clan” groups. They collected or killed only enough for the clan’s survival. Early clans were nomadic, which mean that they didn’t stay in one place. Instead, they moved around, following the animals that were their main food source and seeking areas where seasonal plants grew wild. Moving around seasonally helped to protect the environment. The land had time to recover and animals had time to breed (繁殖)before the clan returned for the next season..
As time went by, these small family clans joined with others to form larger groups for protection. Joining with other clans gave them more hunters and more women to help cut up the meat and share it between families. Eventually, people tamed(驯养)wild animals such as dogs and horses. People settled around rivers and fertile plains to share responsibilities and duties. Then, people began to plant crops instead of moving to areas where the plants grew. This development changed the environment.
Traditional forms of work also changed. Some people were better at performing a particular task than other clan members, so then began to specialize in things they were good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced.
People began to communicate with distant tribes. Land was cleared for roads. Foreign plants and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before. Specialization also give people more free time. So art ,dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. This was how many great civilizations started.
Compared to the past, modern civilization has experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists today. Populations have increased rapidly. Forests have been cleared for farms. Inventions and technology have made work easier.
However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. As concerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and improve our environment.Early tribes didn’t have much effect on animal population because_____
A .they kept animals for themselves B they ate only vegetables
C they loved animals D they killed only enough for foodThe main purpose for small clans to join together was_____
A to hurt animals B to seek safety
C to share caves D to protect environmentAccording to the passage ,we can learn that_____
A early people moved to new places looking for new sources of food
B modern civilization began when people started to live together in big groups
C modern advancements are always good for the environment
D people began to exchange goods because they didn’t have enough money It can be concluded from the passage that_____
A human progress has brought civilization to the society
B civilization has improved traditional forms of work
C early people understood environmental protection
D our environment has been affected by human progress
Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears and phobias (恐惧症) much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological (心理的). It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything-a kind of childhood anxiety. Dr. Creswell says:"Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being “a scared cat”（胆小鬼）. Handing the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and., if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke (抚摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog-one that’s good with children, of course-then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for ‘being brave’.” Children’s fears are usually taken lightly because .
| A．they will not develop into phobias |
| B．their influence is psychological |
| C．they exist widely in the world |
| D．they will disappear gradually |
If we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will .
| A．make the same old mistake |
| B．overcome them by themselves |
| C．experience the worst of things |
| D．grow up lacking self-confidence |
According to Dr. Andy Field, if a child is afraid of a cat, parents should .
| A．tell the child not to be afraid of it |
| B．show the child how to approach it |
| C．keep the child away from it |
| D．ask the child to stroke it |
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