第四部分：阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
"Reduce, reuse and recycle", this familiar environmentalist slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills and waterways.
The concept is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of waste – electronic junk (电子垃圾), such as old computers, cell-phones, and televisions. But this process for managing e-waste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not used, a recent report suggests.
"A lot of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse of tense - to bridge the digital divide," said Richard Gutierrez, a policy researcher.
One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways. Because of this, the report says, e-waste is a growing problem in Lagos, Nigeria, and elsewhere in the developing world. Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads. Often it's picked apart by poor people, who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.
Businessmen also pay workers a little money to get back materials such as gold and copper. This low-tech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics. According to Gutierrez, this shadow economy exists because the excuse of recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen "a green passport" to ship waste around the globe. '" Developing nations must take upon some of the responsibility themselves," Gutierrez said. But, he added, "A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state."
China, for example, has become a dumping place for large amounts of e-waste. The nation is beginning to take action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders. The Chinese government, after many years of denial, is finally beginning to take the lead.
56. What does the fourth paragraph mainly discuss?
A. Old computers and TVs still work before they are sent abroad.
B. Poor people break up e-waste to collect some valuable materials.
C. A lot of e-waste is dumped in developing countries.
D. The problem of e-waste is growing in developing countries.
57. From what Gutierrez said we can learn that ________.
A. exporting countries should mainly be responsible for this problem.
B. neither rich nor pour countries should be blamed for this problem
C. developing countries should be responsible for this problem
D. poor countries should be blamed for this problem
58. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that __________.
A. China has hidden a large amount of e-waste in many secret places
B. China has greatly changed her idea about the problem of e-waste
C. China has prevented poisonous materials from entering China for a long time
D. China is failing behind other countries in dealing with e-waste
59. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. developing countries are facing serious environmental problems
B. e-waste is a growing problem in developed countries
C. e - waste is sent to developing countries under the excuse of reuse
D. developing countries are making full use of e-waste
While traveling abroad, Mr. Jackson Frank ran short of money. So he wrote to his brother, asking for $500. “Send the money by telegram,” he wrote, “to the Fisher Bank in P...”After a week he began calling at the Fisher Bank. He showed his passport. “ Nothing has come for you,” he was told. This went on for two weeks and Mr. Frank got very worried. He sent a telegram to his brother， but there was no reply. In the fourth week Mr. Frank was arrested for failing to pay his hotel bill. His passport was taken from him. He tried to explain the problem, but no one believed him. He was sent to prison for six days.
When he came out, he went immediately to the Fisher bank. The clerk he spoke to was a new man. “Have you received $500 for me?” he ask, “My name is Jackson Frank.” The clerk checked his books. “Yes, Jackson, it's here. It came by telegram.—let me see—oh, more than two months ago. We wondered where you were.” He showed Mr. Frank the order. The order read:” Pay Mr. Frank Jackson the sum of $500...” “ But my name is Jackson Frank, not Frank Jackson.” “ Oh, that's all right, sir. It was in our books under the letter ‘J', but it's your money.” The clerk laughed,” A human mistake, sir! We're all human beings, so we all make mistakes. A family name like Frank sounds strange to me.” Mr. Frank was silent. He really wanted to hit somebody. At last he said,” A human mistake—I think some humans need kicking.” Jackson didn’t just go to his brother and get some money because ____.
| A．hewasafraidtoseehisbrother |
| B．hewasinprisonandwasnotallowedtogoanywhere |
| C．hewastravelinginaforeigncountryandwasfarfromhisbrother |
| D．heknewthathisbrotherhadnomoney |
Jackson was arrested and sent to prison because ____.
| A．hisbrotherhadn’tsenthimanymoneyandhecouldn’tpayhishotelbill |
| B．hehadspentalmostallhismoneyandcouldn’tpayhishotelbill |
| C．hehadlostallhismoneyandcouldn’tpayhishotelbill |
| D．hisbrotherhadn’tsenthimasmuchmoneyasheaskedforandhecouldn’tpay |
his hotel bill Which of the following statements is true?
| A．ThemoneydidnotreachtheFisherBank. |
| B．Themoneyreachedthewrongbank. |
| C．Themoneyreachedthebankafterhewasarrested. |
| D．Themoneyreachedthebankbeforehewasarrested. |
The clerks put his name under the wrong letter ____.
| A．throughcarelessness. | B．becausetheywerehumanbeings |
| C．becausehehadastrangename | D．bypronouncinghisnameincorrectly |
Son’s Help
Mr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy so he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished for it. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him.
It was New Year’s Day. Mr. Lang didn’t go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside and his son hated the bad habit of his father. They waited for a long time and didn’t think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.
“I saw there weren’t any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.”
66. Mr. Lang was paid much because _______.
| A．he was a driver | B．he worked in a factory |
| C．he had a lot of work to do | D．he had worked there for a long time |
67. Mrs. Lang did all housework because _______.
| A．she couldn’t find any work |
| B．she thought her husband was tired |
| C．her husband spent all time in gambling |
| D．she wouldn’t stop her husband gambling |
68._______, so he was put into lockup.
| A．Mr. Lang often gambled |
| B．Mr. Lang was late for work |
| C．Mr. Lang didn’t help his wife at home |
| D．Mr. Lang wasn’t polite to the police |
69. The woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _______.
| A．he didn’t love her any longer | B．he wouldn’t stop gambling |
| C．he had been put into lockup | D．he was hardly sent away by the factory |
70. Which of the following is right?
| A．The boy expected his father to be put into lockup again. |
| B．The boy thought his father needed some policemen. |
| C．The boy expected his father to stop gambling soon. |
| D．The boy expected his mother to come back. |
Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability. They feel hopeless about it. Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it?
To be sure, people are different. You cannot expect to do everything as well as certain other people do. If all the students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would be very poor; and many would be in between. But even the very poor players can become much better players if they are guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice. It is the same with reading. Some seem to enjoy reading and to read well without any special help. Others find reading a slow and tiring job. In between, there are all degrees of reading ability.
Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his reading ability. In these experiments, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability. After some of the causes of their reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading. After a few months, another test of the same kind was given. In nearly all cases, these people had raised their reading scores.
61.With the example of basketball players, the author shows ________.
| A．why certain people are poor readers |
| B．that there are differences in people’s abilities (能力) |
| C．why some people are good basketball players |
| D．that good basketball players can be good readers |
62. To improve their reading ability, people should ________.
| A．work long and hard | B．take different forms of tests |
| C．have special help and practice | D．try different reading materials |
63.The experiments mentioned in the text show that ________.
| A．good readers seem to enjoy reading |
| B．almost all poor readers can make progress |
| C．causes of poor reading were difficult to find out |
| D．tests help people improve their reading ability |
64.What does the underlined sentence “many would be in between” mean?
| A．It means that many are the best basket players. |
| B．It means that many are the worst basket players. |
| C．It means that many are standing in the middle of the line. |
| D．It means that there are several levels of players in many students. |
65. What’s the purpose of the author’s writing this passage?
| A．To encourage people to improve their reading ability. |
| B．To suggest that readers should do practice only in reading. |
| C．To tell us that readers can’t improve their reading ability without special help. |
| D．To tell us that to be a good reader, one should be guided in the right way. |
Young people and older people do not always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about living, working and playing. But in one special program in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in a friendly way.
Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone works several hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and fun in work. Some teenagers work in the forests or on the farms near the village. Some learn to make things like tables and chairs and to build houses. The adults teach them these skills.
There are several free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. During the free hours some of the teenagers learn photo-taking or drawing. Others sit around and talk or sing. Each teenager chooses his own way to pass his free time.
When people live together, they should have rules. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. They talk about it and ask, “Why did it happen? What should we do about it?”
One of the teenagers has said something about it, “You have to stop thinking only about yourself. You learn how to think about the group.”
56. In one special program in New York State, young and older people_______.
| A．don’t work well together |
| B．work friendly with each other |
| C．teach each other new ways of building houses |
| D．spend eight weeks together, working as farmers |
57.All the members work some time every day mainly to________.
| A．lead a busy life | B．learn new skills of farming |
| C．get used to the life on the farms | D．find useful things and fun in work |
58.Living together, ________.
| A．the teenagers don’t have to obey the rules |
| B．the members have to obey the rules the adults make |
| C．the members have no free time but on weekends |
| D．the members should not break the rules that they make together |
59.The best title for the passage is________.
| A．The Rules of Living Together | B．Life in New York State |
| C．Teenagers and Adults Together | D．Free Hours in the Special Work Group |
60.Which one is TRUE?
| A．If someone breaks a rule, he will deal with it by himself. |
| B．They are free on weekends. |
| C．Everyone works one hour each day |
| D．The teenagers teach adults skills |
The US first lady Michlle Obama is among the world’s 100 most powerful women in a list topped by German premier Angela Merkel for four years in a row, according to a Forbes ranking released on 19 August.
Michelle Obama debuted at No.40, coming in ahead of Talk Show host Oprah Winfrey at 41 and Britain’s Queen Elizabeth at 42.
Sheila Bair, chair of the US Federal Deposit Insurance Corp, which insures bank deposits, remained No.2 after debuting on the Forbes list last year. She has gained increased fame as the US recession lasts.
The list is based on factors such as politics and economic impact ,media reach and career accomplishments.
The chief executives of Dupont and Sunoco are new to the top 10, replacing the Xerox Cop. Chair, who dropped to No. 15, and the former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, who fell off the list after leaving office in January.
Rice’s successor, Hillary Clinton, came in at No.36,dropping from No.28 last year when her presidential bid made her the woman with the highest public profile on the list.
Nancy Pelosi, speaker of the US House of Representatives, retained No.35.
“Woman in power are rising to leadership positions in business, government and philanthropy(慈善)by making daring and unconventional moves,” Forbes said. “Gone are the days of women feeling they have to stick with one employer and patiently wait for promotions.”
“Highly ambitious women are moving across companies and industries, making big leaps with each change, and repositioning themselves for opportunities that allow them to gain a breadth of experience.” The business magazine said.
Merkel , 55, became the first female premier of Germany in 2005 and was successful in retaining power in a federal election on September 27.
Michelle Obama, 45,has won the support of fans for her down-to-earth personality, her views of healthy eating and the arts, and her fashion sense that has seen her grace several best-dressed lists.
41. What does the underlined word “debuted” in Paragraph 2 mean?
| A．Go on stage for the first time . |
| B．Make the first public appearance. |
| C．Appear on the list for the first time. |
| D．Introduce a film to the public for the first time. |
42. Condoleezza Rice was not included in the list probably because ________.
| A．she exercised less influence |
| B．she kept her new job a secret |
| C．she is no longer a public figure |
| D．she was silent after resignation |
43. Hillary Clinton ranked 28 last year because __________.
| A．she was the former first lady |
| B．she was running for president |
| C．she frequently appeared in public |
| D．she got support from her husband |
44. We learn from the text that powerful women today ______.
| A．change their jobs more frequently |
| B．are better political leaders than men |
| C．are not content with being housewives |
| D．have changed their traditional concept |
45. What is the author’s attitude towards Angela Merkel?
| A．Admiring. | B．Neutral. | C．Objective. | D．Extreme. |
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