.
Scientists have not come close to understanding all the different kinds of life on the planet, but US researcher Craig Venter is already working on creating the first artificial（人造的）life.
Venter and his researchers made a breakthrough late last month, They successfully moved the DNA of one type of bacteria(细菌) to a yeast cell（酵母）, changed it, then put it into another bacterial cell.
“Bacteria have systems that protect them from foreign DNA” Venter explained to the BBC, In the experiment, the team managed to block this system.
The experiment was performed on a simple type of bacteria celled mycoplasma mycoides. The team took the bacteria’s genes and put them into a yeast cell.
Putting a DNA in a yeast cell allowed the team to change the genes in this case, taking out a gene that was not necessary for the bacteria to live.
They then put the gene into a host bacteria cell. The cell went on to divide normally, producing new healthy bacteria.
In January, the team created artificial genes of a new type of bacteria. Their next goal is to put the artificial DNA into a host cell to create a new species, according to a report in Science magazine.
“lf we don’t make any errors, I think it should work and we should have the first artificial species by the end of the year.” Venter said in the report.
The first artificial life form is likely to be a simple man-made bacteria, to prove that the technology can work.. But that form will be followed by more complex bacteria that turn coal into cleaner natural gas, or algae that can take in carbon dioxide and change it into fuel.
Many scientists think it’s good news to have this artificial life, but others are worried that the technology to create new organisms might end up in the wrong hands, with dangerous result.
57．Which of the following is true according to the text ?
A Bacteria have systems that protect them from yeast cell.
B If we put a gene into a host bacteria cell,the cell will not go on to divide as usual.
C Venter and his researchers completely achieved all their goals.
D All the scientists didn’t agree to this artificial life.
58. What can we learn from the underlined sentences?
A. Venter and his researchers had succeeded in this project.
B. Venter predicted that they would make errors in the future,so he decided to give it up.
C. Venter would go on the study and he was full of confidence.
D. Venter was a clearer man but a little shy.
59. Which of the following shows the order of the passage ?
1.change the genes
2. put the gene into a host bacteria cell
3. moved the DNA of one type of bacteria to a yeast cell
4. The cell went on to divide normally
5. put it into another bacteria cell
A. 3-5-1-4-2 . B. 3-5-1-2-4 C. 4-2-5-1-3 D. 2-3-5-1-4
60.What will be mentioned in the next paragraph?
A. The wrong hands that created by the artificial life.
B. The advantages and disadvantages about the artificial life.
C. The future about this project.
D. The author’s attitude.
C
Do you want to make a forceful and impressive public speech and become an eloquent （有口才的） speaker? The newly-published books in our bookstore help you realize your dream．Time waits for nobody．Take action! 20% discount on all the orders above $ 100．Here are introductions of these books．
| 10 Days to More Confldent Public Speaking． By The Princeton Language Institute, Lenny Laskowski Paperback： 224 page ISBN: 0446676683 Price: $20 per copy THIS book is a course on giving publics talks．It was written by an expert in the field and has the tools to make you a relaxed effective and commanding public speaker．You can find clear, brief, step - by - step tips to help you． ●Overcome nervousness and discover your own natural style． ●Set up an immediate connection with your audience． ●Mix together humour and anecdotes （奇闻） into your talk． |
| In the Spotlight: Overcome Your Fear of Public Speaking and Performing; By Janet E．Espostio Paperback: 176 page Publisher:Strong Books ISBN: 1928782078 Price: $15 per copy "IN the spotlight'' is a gift for people experiencing any degree of fear or discomfort in speaking and performingin front of others, either in formal or informal settings．The book has many different methods to help you get beyond stage rright and learn to speak or perform with ease and confidence． |
| The Lost Art of the Great Speech: How to Write One and How to Deliver it． By Richard Dowis．Paperback : 288 pages．ISBN: 0814470548 Publisher: American Management Association．Price: $30 per copy Here's expert guidance on how to write a forceful speech．Attractive slides, confident body language, and a lot of eye contact are fine．Now everyone can learn to give powerful, direct speeches that catch audience' s attention．The key is not just in the delivery, but in using the power of language．It' s a speech - writing guide made by an award winning writer．It has everything from researching and writing the speech to preparing the next to delivering the speech to handling questions from audience． |
| Lend Me Your Ears: Great Speech in History． By William Saftre Hardcover: 1055 pages ISBN: 0393040054 Publisher: W．W．Norton & Company. Pice: $ 50 per copy. THIS is a collection of more than100 speeches that seeks to show the enduring power of human eloquence to inspire and uplift．These speeches are said to have moved millions of people and changed history．There is an introduction to each speech and essay on the art of public speaking．The collection is edited by former presidential speech writer William Safire．He knows firsthand the importance of putting together the right words for the right moment. |
53．Suppose you want to buy each of the four books in the bookstore, you will at least have to pay______.
A．$115 P．$23 C．$92 D．$85
54．Which of the four books mainly deals with the use of the language in a speech?
A．Lend Me Your Ears: Great Speech in History．
B．The Lost Art of the Great Speech; How to Write One and How to Deliver it．
C．In the Spotnight: Overcome Your Fear of Public Speaking and Performing．
D．10 Days to More Confident Public Speaking.
55．Which of the authors of the books used to write speeches for presidents?
A．Richard Dowis B．Janet, E．Esposito
C．Lenny Laskowski D．William Safire
56．The common purpose of the above books is to____．
A．give encouragement in making a speech
B．tell readers how to make a forcefuLand impresive speech
C．show readers the skills of writing a good speech
D．tell readers how to get over stage fright and to speak easily and confidently
B
According to the report by Baekeland and Hartmann, two American authoritative psychotogical research centres, the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens．But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly per
iods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions, in their daily routines.
In general, these "short sleeps" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful,, conformist （循规蹈矩的） in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices．They often held several jobs at once, or workers full - or part - time while going to school．And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable" to their friends and associates．When asked to recall their dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly．More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering．In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy m the hope that the trouble would go away．The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic （疯人）.
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed．Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood．They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived （剥夺） of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest．They tended to recall their dreams much better than the "short sleepers．" did．Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted （内向）, inhibited （压抑） , passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves （particularly in social situations）．Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems．
50．According to the text, which is probably the writer' s real attitude towards these two living habits ____．
A．both of them are healthy habits
B．not both of them are unhealthy habits
C．either of them is not unhealthy habits
D．neither of them is healthy habits
51．When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____．
A．feel extremely depressed B．become energetic
C．appeared disturbed D．feel disappointed
52．The writer implies （暗示） that short sleepers _____ in the text．
A．are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life
B．often neglect the consequences of inadequate（不足的）sleep
C．do not know how to relax properly
D．are more unlikely to run into mental problems
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
After finishing my shopping, I headed for the checkout counter but was blocked in the narrow passage by a young man that appeared to be about sixteen years old. I wasn’t in a hurry, so I patiently waited for the boy to realize that I was there.
After a little while, he waved his hands excitedly, in the air and shouted in a loud voice, "Mommy, I'm here．Mommy, I'm here．" It was obvious now, he was mentally challenged．Suddenly, he turned and saw me standing so close to him．His eyes widened and watched me surprisingly．He turned and saw me standing so close to him. His eyes widened and watched me surprisingly. I stepped back and asked, " Hey, buddy, what’s your name? " " My name is Denny and I'm shopping with my mother," he responded proudly．"Wow," I said, "that's a cool name．I wish my name was Denny, but my name is Hal．" "Hal like Halloween?" he asked．"Yes," I answered．"How old are you, Denny?" "How old am I now．Mommy?" he asked his mother as she came over from the next passage．"You' re fifteen years old, Denny; now be a good boy and let the lady pass by．" I continued to talk to Denny for several more minutes about summer vacation, bicycles and school．I watched his brown eyes dance with excitement．
As we were talking, he suddenly ran toward the toy section．
Denny's mom thanked me for taking the time to talk with her son．She told me that most people wouldn' t even look at him, much less talk to him…I told her that it was my pleasure and then I said, " Denny is a blue rose and if I didn' t stop and smell that rose with my heart, I would miss a blessing from God．"
She looked more puzzled．I told her that there are plenty of red, yellow and pink roses in God's garden, however, blue roses are very rare and should be appreciated for their beauty and distinctiveness （特殊之处）．Denny is such a "blue rose" in God's garden．
46．Th
e story may happen______．
A．in a school B．during the summer vacation
C．in a super market D．in the toy section
47．The boy's brown eyes dance with excitement because______．
A．he was the center of someone's attention
B．Denny is a cool name
C．he is shopping with his mother
D．he likes summer vacation
48．We can infer from the passage that Danny ______.
A．was mentally challenged B．is 15 years old
C．was often very lonely and neglected D．is a ‘blue rose1’ in God's garden
49．From the passage we can learn that _______.
A．there are plenty of red, yellow and pink roses in God’s garden
B．blue roses'are very rare and should be appreciated
C．most people wouldn’t even look at Denny
D．every person should be appreciated in our life
E
“The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium (千年), was made up of three parts —— “The Fellowship of the Ring”, “Two Towers”, and “The Return of the King”. Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative masterwork.
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkien’s becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.
After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever, he began composing the mythology (神话) for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in 1930s at Oxford, Tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included several writers. The group was soon listening to chapters of Tolkien’s imaginative work “The Hobbit”.
Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural (乡村的) class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them, Bilbo Baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves (侏儒). On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.
One of Tolkien’s students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwin, to look at a draft (草稿). The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwin, thought that the best judge for a children’s book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and “The Hobbit” was published in 1937.
It sold so well that Unwin asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien produced “The Lord of the Rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readers — new and old — after their publication.
57. What can we learn from the text?
A. “The Lord of the Rings” didn’t sell well in the last millennium.
B. People know better about Tolkien himself than about his works.
C. Tolkien was quite familiar with Old English.
D. Tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in Africa.
58. Which of the following helped most in making “The Hobbit” published?
A. One of Tolkien’s students. B. Stanley Unwin’s son.
C. Allen & Unwin. D. Bilbo Baggins.
59. What is mainly discussed in the text?
A. “The Lord of the Rings” and its writer.
B. A completely new masterwork in the new millennium.
C. A famous professor at Oxford University. D. The power of the magic ring.
60. Which of the following shows the right order of Mr. J.R.R.Tolkien’s life experience?
a. He had his “The Hobbit” published. b. He became a member of the Inklings.
c. He served in World WarⅠ d. He became an undergraduate at Oxford.
e. His work “The Lord of the Rings” came to the world.
f. He moved to England to live with his aunt.
A. f-d-b-c-a-e B. f-d-c-b-a-e C. f-c-d-b-e-a D. d-f-c-a-b-e
D
The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal is to present all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the world’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change and other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on earth.
An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if, in his word, “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill（钻孔） deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above 0ºC. The seeds will be protected behind walls a meter thick and high-security door.
The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Most of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin America. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present all the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below 0ºC. The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced.
Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the world’s safest gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason. Norway first put forward the idea in the 1980s. But safety concerns delayed the plan. At that time, the Soviet Union was meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization.
53．The project is meant to ______.
A．increase the world’s food output in the future
B．carry out some scientific experiments on plant genes
C．build an exhibition centre of the world’s plant seeds
D．protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disasters
54．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage?
A．The government of Norway will perform the project alone.
B．Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousands years ago.
C．Spitsbergen is chosen because it is free of the nuclear war forever.
D．Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place.
55．We can infer from the text that _______.
A．Norway had meant to build the storage centre about 20 years before.
B．The storage center will greatly promote world agriculture
C．People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every year.
D．There haven’t been any seed storage centres in the world before.
56．What is probably the best title of the passage?www.
A．The Best Place to Store Seeds B．Noah’s Ark（诺亚方舟）of Plant Seeds in Plan
C．Concerns of World Food Supply D．A New Way to Feed the World
粤公网安备 44130202000953号