As the economy begins to recover, salary increases should do the same.
In the past few years, employers have raised workers’ salaries by about 4 percent per year--except for 2009, when the figure dropped to a historically low 2.1 percent, according to a survey of World at Word. About one-third of companies froze raises altogether.
For 2010, World at Work’s survey projects an average salary increase budget of 2.7 percent, a figure that shows the situation has improved but the job market is still weak. Between 10 percent and 15 percent of companies said they would freeze raises--far fewer than in 2009, but still more than in most years.
How can you get a raise? Avalos and others offer the following tips:
* Do your job well. This means producing high-quality work, of course, but also keeping the big picture in mind.
“It really comes down to positioning yourself as a high performer, somebody who is aware of business goals and helps the company meet their goals as an organization”, Avalos said
* Be visible. When times are tough, some workers think. “I’m going to hunker down and hope that nobody notices me, because I don’t want to be on a layoff list,” said Richard Phillips, owner of Advantage Career Solutions. This is a mistake, because you’re unlikely to get a raise if no one knows what you have accomplished. “If anything, what you want to do is be more visible.”
* Make your boss’s life easier. This means everything from having a good attitude to taking on extra tasks. If you don’t know how you can help your boss, ask.
* Ask for a raise. Talk to your boss and present your case: Here’s what I’ve done, here’s how it fits with the company’s goals, and here is why I think it’s worth a salary increase. In some cases, even if your company has an official raise freeze, you can get a raise if you make good case.
If the answer is no -- or if you’re not ready to ask directly -- Phillips suggests asking, “What would you like to see from me that would put me in line for a raise?”
A question like this can improve your standing. “Just asking the question says to the boss, ‘I’m thinking about where I fit in here, what I can do,” Phillips said, “That in and of itself has value.”The passage is mostly from a\an________.
| A．novel | B．science fiction |
| C．magazine | D．biography |
Employers have raised workers’ salaries by about _______percent in 2007.
| A．4 | B．2.1 | C．2.7 | D．10 |
If you want to get a raise, the most important thing you should keep in your mind is to ______.
| A．have your job done well | B．be visible everywhere as possible as you can |
| C．ask your boss for a raise directly | D．change your job |
All the statements are true except________.
| A．the situation has improved but the job market is still weak |
| B．salary increases should recover as the economy does |
| C．producing high-quality work will surely help you get a raise |
| D．that in and off an employee makes no difference |
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was about 5 o’clock in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school. Our plan was to go swimming together. I finished my work at 4 o’clock and then went to the post office. Then I stopped off at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit. We’d like to have some fruit after swimming.
I was driving along a high road on my way to my daughter’s school. Over my road was another road, which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way. I was hungry so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. Then my car started to shake! I didn't know what was happening. Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car. I drove more slowly and then I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the cars in front of me.
I found myself in the dark. I couldn't move. The bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn't move them. All around me was quiet. But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I memorized what had happened. I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody came. Luckily I could reach the bag of apples, so at least I had plenty to eat. Then I heard people climbing towards me. A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road. I called out, “I’m here!” when I heard a shout. Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the road near my car. “How are you doing?” he asked. “Not too bad, ”I said. “But my feet and legs feel as if they’re broken.”“We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can.” They didn't get me out until the next morning. I had been in my car for fourteen hours.When the earthquake took place, the writer was .
| A．on his way to the post office | B．stopping off at a shop |
| C．doing some shopping | D．under a road built like a bridge |
The writer’s car began to move from side to side because .
| A．there was something wrong with his car | B．he ate apples as he drove |
| C．an earthquake happened | D．he drove too fast |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．When the earthquake happened, the writer was with his daughter together. |
| B．The writer’s legs and feet were badly wounded in the earthquake. |
| C．The writer was saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road. |
| D．The writer was so frightened that he forgot everything that happened around him. |
Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the writer?
a. A stranger climbed to the side of road near his car and asked how he was doing.
b. The writer finished his work.
c. He felt his car shaking on his way to his daughter’s school.
d. He bought some fresh fruit in a shop.
e. He was saved the next morning.
f. The writer found himself in the dark.
g. He went to the post office.
| A．b,g,d,c,f,a,e | B．b,d,c,g,f,a,e |
| C．d,b,c,f,g,a,e | D．c,a,f,g,b,d,e |
From the passage we’re sure that the writer was .
| A．a teacher of a school | B．a manager of a shop |
| C．a father of a girl | D．a worker of a post office |
With petroleum reserve（石油储量）decreasing, the search is on to replace gas with a cleaner, greener alternative. Though much eco-talk has centered on biofuels from corn and soybeans, the biofuel that looks more likely to replace petroleum comes from a most unlikely source: algae（藻类）.
Algae, like corn, soybeans, and other crops, grow via photosynthesis（光合作用）and can be processed into fuel oil. However, they yield 30 times more energy than
land crops such as soybeans, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Many algae species also can grow in saltwater and polluted water—while corn and soy require arable(适于耕种的) land and fresh water that will be in short supply as the world’s population balloons.
“If you replaced all the diesel（柴油）in the U.S. with soy biodiesel, it would take half the land mass of the U.S. to grow those soybeans,” says Matt Caspari, chief executive of Aurora Biofuels, a Berkeley, Calif-based private firm that specializes in algae oil technology. On the other hand, the Energy Department says that if algae fuel replaced all the petroleum fuel in the United States, it would require only l5, 000 square miles, which is a few thousand miles larger than Maryland (12,407 squaree miles), the 42nd state in land area.
Another advantages: Because algae can be grown just about anywhere in a closed space, they’re being tested at several power plants across the nation as a carbon absorber. Smokestack emissions（烟囱排放物）can be pumped directly into the ponds, feeding the algae while keeping greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere.
Although processing technology for algae fuel—also known as “oilgae” in some environmentalist circles —is improving, it’s still years away from reaching your local gas pump. “It’s just a question of cost, because no large-scale facilities have been built yet,” Caspari says.The underlined word “yield” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “_______”.
| A．control | B．require | C．produce | D．grow |
Compared with corn a
nd soybeans, algae_____.
| A．may pollute water and soil | B．can grow in poor conditions |
| C．provide much less energy | D．need more special care |
Ac
cording to Paragraph 3, one of the advantages of algae fuel is that ____.
| A．it can be used more widely | B．it is easier to produce |
| C．it needs much less land | D．it costs much les s money |
Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
| A．Environmental Protection | B．Biofuels from Corn and Soybeans |
| C．The False Hope of Biofuels | D．A Promising Oil Alternative |
Work-Study Program
The Work-Study Program gives you the chance to work part-time on campus. If you need more money to cover all of your education-related costs, you may be qualified for this program.
Advantages
· Work experience: Last year, more than 1,400 positions were available across all departments. The jobs vary from one department to the next, and in most cases, participants find a position in their chosen field.
· Money: During the regular academic year (September to April), you can work part-time and earn $3,200---sometimes more---while you take courses! During the summer time, you work full-time and can earn around $6,000 over 18 weeks.
·Easy access: Applying for the program is easy. There is no need for face-to-face interview. All the forms you need are online; just fill in the forms and email us; we accept no letter or phone application!
Did you know?
At the University of Ottawa, it is not essential to receive government assistance to qualify for our Work-Study Program. You simply need to demonstrate（证明）financial need.
You could have one of these great Work-Stu
dy jobs:
·Student ambassador
·Computing and network technician
·Marketing assistant
·Sports team manager
·Researcher / translator
·Writer
And more!
The Admission Section receives and evaluates applications to undergraduate programs, in addition to answering applicants’ questions.
Phone: 613-562-5315 Toll-free: 1-877-868-8292 (#5315)
Financial Aid & Awards Service Section:
Phone: 613-562-5734 Toll-free phone: 1-877-868-8292
Regular Office Hours: Monday to Friday
September to May: 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
June to August: 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.To earn most each month, you may choose to work __________.
| A．from April to September | B．during the daytime |
| C．from May to August | D．most of the weekends |
To be admitted by the program, you need to ___________.
| A．get some government assistance first | B．have much working experience |
| C．perform well in your studies | D．explain your financial need first |
How can students apply for a working position?
| A．Through the internet. | B．By phone. | C．By face-to-face interview. | D．By letter. |
It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing past someone in a narrow aisle, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles and came to appreciate some more polite ways of interacting (交往) with people.
People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customers and retail assistants in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one “thank you” in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.
Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized (强调) several times that none of their words were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This is also shown in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter (后者) are a bit tightfisted.What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?
| A．He appreciatesit. | B．He gives no personal opinion. |
| C．He thinks it is unnecessary. | D．He thinks it goes too far. |
What can we learn about customers and retail assistants in Germany?
| A．A customer never says thank you to a retail assistant. |
| B．They may say thank you only once. |
| C．It’s always a retail assistant who says thank you. |
D．They always say  thank you to each other. |
We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men __________.
| A．are not so willing to spend money for women |
| B．are more polite than English men |
| C．treat women in an impolite way |
| D．are more likely to be involved in a fighting |
The author develops the text through the method of ____________.
| A．giving reasons | B．telling stories | C．giving comments | D．making comparisons |
I was in a terrible mood. Two of my friends ha
d gone to the movies the night before and hadn’t invited me. I was in my room thinking of ways to make them sorry when my father came in. “Want to go for a ride, today, Beck? It’s a beautiful day.”
“No! Leave me alone!” Those were the last words I said to him that morning.
My friends called and invited me to go to the mall with them a few hours later. I forgot to be mad at them and when I came home to find a note on the table. My mother put it where I would be sure to see it. “Dad has had an accident. Please meet us at Highland Park Hospital”.
When I reached the 
hosp
ital, my mother came out and told me my father’s injuries were extensive. “Your father told the driver to leave him alone and just call 911, thank God! If he had moved Daddy, there’s no telling what might have happened. A broken rib（肋骨）might have pierced（穿透）a lung...”
My mother may have said more, but I didn’t hear. I didn’t hear anything except those terrible words: Leave me alone. My dad said them to save himself from being hurt more. How much had I hurt him when I hurled those words at him earlier in the day?
It was several days later that he was finally able to have a conversation. I held his hand gently, afraid of hurting him.
“Daddy… I am so sorry…”
“It’s okay, sweetheart. I’ll be okay. ”
“No,” I said, “I mean about what I said to you that day. You know, that morning?”
My father could no more tell a lie than he could fly. He looked at me and said. “Sweetheart, I don’t remember anything about that day, not before, during or after the accident. I remember kissing you goodnight the night before, though. ”He managed a weak smile.
My English teacher once told me that words have immeasurable power. They can hurt or they can heal. And we all have the power to choose our words. I intend to do that very carefully from now on.The author was in a bad mood that morning because _______.
| A．his father had a terrible accident |
| B．his friends hadn’t invited him to the cinema |
| C．his father didn’t allow him to go out with his friends |
| D．he couldn’t drive to the mall with his friends |
Why did the author say sorry to his father in the hospital?
| A．Because he didn’t go along with his father. |
B．Because he failed to com e earlier after the accident. |
| C．Because he was rude to his father that morning. |
| D．Because he couldn’t look after his father in the hospital. |
The reason why the author’s father said he forgot everything about that day is that _______.
| A．he just wanted to comfort his son | B．he didn’t hear what his son said |
| C．he had a poor memory | D．he lost his memory after the accident |
What lesson did Beck learn from the matter?
| A．Don’t treat your parents badly. |
| B．Don’t be angry with friends at small things. |
| C．Don’t move the injured in an accident. |
| D．Don’t hurt others with rude words. |
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