B
Ever since I was a small girl in school, I’ve been aware of what the school textbooks say about Indians. I am an Indian and, naturally, am interested in what the schools teach about natives of this land.
One day, I read that a delicacy(美味) of American Indian people was dried fish, which , according to the textbook, tasted “like an old shoe, or was like chewing on dried leather.” To this day I can remember my surprise, my anger and my sadness at reading these words. We called this wind-dried fish “sleet-shus”, and to us, it was our favorite delicacy and, indeed, did not taste like shoe leather, and didn’t rot our teeth and bring about the various dietary problem that trouble Indian people in modern times. It took many hours of long and hard work to cure the fish in just this particular fashion. Early fur traders and other non-Indians must have agreed, for they often had this food as they traveled around isolated areas.
I brought the textbook home to show it to my father, leader of my tribe at that time. On this particular day, he told me in his wise and modest manner that the outside world did not understand Indian people, and that I should not let it prevent me from learning the good parts of education.
At a later time in my life, I had brought a group of Indian people to the country fairgrounds to sell Indian-made arts and crafts. My group was excited to make some money by selling Indian handicrafts. We thanked the man who showed us to our booth and told him it was nice of him to remember the people of the Indian community. The man expanded a little and remarked that he liked Indian people. “In fact,” he went on to state, “we are bringing some professional Indians to do the show!”
As we stood there in shock, listening to this uninformed outsider, I looked at my dear Indian companion, an eighty-year-old woman who could well remember the great chiefs of the tribe who once owned all the land of this country before the white man came bringing “civilization”, which included diseases and pollution. My friend said not a word, but took the hurt as Indian people have done for many years.
Of course, we all knew that the “professional Indian” were not Indians at all, but dressed in leather and dancing their own dances. And, anyway, how does one become a “professional Indian”?
45．Which of the following statements about “sleet-shus” is true?
A．It tasted like an old shoe.
B．Eating it was like chewing on dried leather.
C．It was delicious but bad for our teeth.
D．It must have brought pleasure to Indians as well as early business men.
46．What does the writer mean by saying “how does one become ‘a professional Indian’”?
A．Only the Indians know how to become professional Indians.
B．The outside civilization can help and Indian become a professional Indian.
C．An Indian is a born professional Indian.
D．The outside civilization can help white people become professional Indians.
47．After reading the passage, you don’t know __________.
A．what the writer’s profession is
B．what upset the writer and her friend at the county fair
C．why the writer went to the county fair
D．the writer’s attitude to the so-called civilization
48．This story is primarily about ___________.
A．customs of native Americans
B．how textbooks describe native Americans.
C．misunderstanding between people from different cultures
D．how an Indian becomes a “professional Indian”
My father had returned from his business visit to London when I came in, rather late, to supper. I could tell at once that he and my mother had been discussing something. In that half-playful, half-serious way I knew so well, he said, "How would you like to go to Eton?"
"You bet," I cried quickly catching the joke. Everyone knew it was the most expensive, the most famous of schools. You had to be entered at birth, if not before. Besides, even at 12 or 13, I understood my father. He disliked any form of showing off. He always knew his proper station in life, which was in the middle of the middle class, our house was medium-sized; he had avoided joining Royal Liverpool Golf Club and went to a smaller one instead; though once he had got a second-hand Rolls-Royce at a remarkably low price, he felt embarrassed driving it, and quickly changed it for an Austin 1100.
This could only be his delightful way of telling me that the whole boarding school idea was to be dropped. Alas! I should also have remembered that he had a liking for being different from everyone else, if it did not conflict with his fear of drawing attention to himself.
It seemed that he had happened to be talking to Graham Brown of the London office, a very nice fellow, and Graham had a friend who had just entered his boy at the school, and while he was in that part of the world he thought he might just as well phone them. I remember my eyes stinging(刺痛) and my hands shaking with the confusion of my feelings. There was excitement, at the heart of great sadness.
"Oh, he doesn’t want to go away," said my mother, "You shouldn’t go on like this.” “It’s up to him," said my father. "He can make up his own mind."The house the writer’s family lived in was ________.
| A．the best they could afford | B．right for their social position |
| C．for showing off | D．rather small |
His father sold his Roils-Royce because ________.
| A．it made him feel uneasy | B．it was too old to work well |
| C．it was too expensive to possess | D．it was too cheap |
The writer’s father enjoyed being different as long as ________.
| A．it drew attention to him | B．it didn’t bring him in arguments |
| C．it was understood as a joke | D．there was no danger of his showing off |
What was the writer’s reaction to the idea of going to Eton?
| A．He was very unhappy. | B．He didn’t believe it. |
| C．He was delighted. | D．He had mixed feelings. |
What was the writer’s reaction to the idea of going to boarding-school?
| A．He was very unhappy, | B．He had mixed feelings. |
| C．He was delighted, | D．He didn't believe it. |
People Born in Autumn Live Longer
People born in the autumn live longer than those born in the spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to an Austrian scientist.
Using census（人口普查）data for more than one million people in Austria, Denmark and Australia, scientists at the Max Planck Institute in the northern German town of Rostock found the month of birth was related to life expectancy（预期寿命）over the age of 50. Seasonal differences in what mothers ate during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different times of the year could both have an impact on the health of a new-born baby and could influence its life expectancy in older age. “A mother giving birth in spring spends the last phase of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat less vitamins than in summer,” said Gabriele Doblhammer, one of a team of scientists who carried out the research. “When she stops breast-feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies are prone (易于)to infections of the digestive system.” In Austria, adults born in autumn (October-December) lived about seven months longer than those born in spring (April-June), and in Denmark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. In the southern hemisphere, the picture was similar. Adults born in the Australian autumn—the European spring—lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates and census data. Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists, Doblhammer said.
But on the other hand, according to a study of more 40,000 people, those born in spring and summer report themselves luckier than those born in autumn or winter. Professor Richard Wise-man who led the research explained that the temperature at the time of birth might influence the development of the brain and seasonal factors make a difference as well.The underlined word “outlived” in the text probably means ________.
| A．lived out of | B．depended on |
| C．had a shorter life than | D．lived longer than |
The census data of the following countries is used for research EXCEPT _______.
| A．Germany. | B．Denmark. |
| C．Australia. | D．Austria. |
What’s the main idea of this text?
| A．Nutrition at all times of the year has improved since the beginning of the 20th century. |
| B．In Austria, adults born in autumn (October—December) lived about seven months longer than those born in spring (April—June). |
| C．People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall ill when they are older. |
| D．Babies are prone to infections of the digestive system. |
Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
| A．Infections occurring at different times of the year influence the health of a new-born baby. |
| B．The study focused on people born in the late 20th century. |
| C．A mother giving birth in spring eats less vitamins during the last phase of her pregnancy in winter. |
| D．What mothers ate during pregnancy could have an impact on the babies’ life expectancy in older age. |
The right sentence of the following is ________.
| A．The month of birth was not related to life expectancy over the age of 50. |
| B．A mother giving birth in spring spends the last phase of her pregnancy in winter, eating more vitamins than in summer. |
| C．Stopping breast-feeding and starting giving babies normal food must make babies prone to get infected with the digestive system in the hot weeks of summer. |
| D．Adults born in the Australian autumn―the European spring―lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. |
In American schools, computers have done many of the jobs that teachers used to do. Computers ask students questions. If the students give the right answer, the computer will say “Wonderful!” Some computers even read stories aloud to students. Students can do experiments on their computers and can do homework on floppy disks（软盘）.
Both students and teachers are crazy about computers. “With computers, students get help quickly,” said one teacher. “But if the students don’t have computers, they must wait for me to walk around and get to them.”
“I can type faster than I can write,” said a student. “Using a computer is easier than using an eraser.”
Computers are also very patient. A teacher may become angry at a student sometimes. But computers are always calm. When a student gives the wrong answer, the computer just says, “Please try again.”
Companies that make software for school have a difficult job. They must make the software as interesting as the programs that students watch on TV. But they have made much success, because students like computers as much as teachers do.If a student gives a wrong answer, a computer might say, “_________”.
| A．Wonderful | B．Please try again | C．Bad luck. | D．Use an eraser |
Students like computers because computers ________.
| A．are fast and interesting | B．are not patient |
| C．can do some experiments | D．can do homework for them |
Companies that make software for schools have a hard job because ________.
| A．they have to make the software very interesting | B．they have made little success |
| C．the students are interested in TV programmes | D．students don’t like computers |
According to the passage, computers can do the following things except _______.
| A．asking question | B．reading stories aloud |
| C．telling the students whether the answers are right. | |
| D．making TV programmes |
The main idea of the article is ________.
| A．students like computers better than TV |
| B．students like computers better than school |
| C．computers can do many jobs that teachers do for schools |
| D．computers are not good for school |
At five he was collecting old newspapers to make money. And when he was 15 he signed his schoolmates up to start a baby-sitting circle.
Now 20, third-year Cambridge University student, Peter Blackburn is managing director of a company with a £ 30,000 plan. And he thinks it will make more than $15,000 by next summer. He set up Peter Blackborn Ltd last year to bring out a new, color term-planner that now students all over the UK are using.
"I felt that most of the planners going around were pretty unimaginative," he says, "I believed that I could do a better job and decided to have a go".
Blackburn admits that he is putting far more effort into business than his computer studies course at university. While fellow students are out with their friends, he keeps in touch with his business office in Lancashire by movable phone. Before he set up the company he spent one holiday preparing a plan that would persuade his bank to lend him money.
"Most students work hard for a good degree because they believe that will help them get a job to support themselves," he says "I work hard at my company, because that is what will support me next year, after I leave college."
Friends believe that Blackburn will make £ 1 million within 5 years. He is not quite so sure, however. "There's a lot to be done yet," he says.
Choose the right order of the facts given in the passage.
a. He spent his holiday preparing a plan.
b. He collected newspapers.
c. He set up his own company.
d. He asked the bank for money.
e. He set up a babysitting circle.
| A．e, b, c, a, d | B．b, e, a, d, c | C．b, e, d, a, c | D．b, e, c, a, d |
When he was quite young, Blackburn _______ .
| A．already made a lot of money | B．already had a business brain |
| C．was already managing director of a company | D．already set up his own business |
The underlined expression in the fourth paragraph "have a go," here means _______ .
| A．give up this job and have a new one | B．leave the company |
| C．have a try | D．develop my business quickly |
In spite of a college student, Blackburn _______ .
| A．spends more time on his business than on his studies course |
| B．keep in touch with his business office by movable phone |
| C．seldom goes out with his friends |
| D．often spends whole holiday preparing business plan |
Which of the following best explain why Blackburn works hard at his company?
| A．He wants to do more business practice before he leaves college. |
| B．He wants to make more money before he leaves college. |
| C．He wants to get a good job like most students after he leaves the college. |
| D．he depends on the company for his living in the future. |
A new weapon is on the way in the fight against smoking in Europe. Soon when smokers buy cigarettes, they might see a shocking photo of a blackened lung or a cancer patient staring back at them from the packet.
Some boys may think of smoking as cool and sexy. Their friends won’t agree when they see their packets of cigarettes lying on the table.
The European Union announced on October 22, that it had chosen 42 photos that showed the damage cigarettes could do to the body. It called on member nations to put these pictures on packets to discourage young smokers.
To catch the attention of teenagers, the special packets warn of long-term medical dangers, like cancer. Short-term effects, like bad skin, are also on the list.
“The true fact of smoking is disease, death and horror. That is the message we should send to the young,” said David Byrne, an EU health official. “Hopefully these pictures will shock students out of their love for cigarettes.”
The EU head office hoped the pictures would work better than current written warnings on packs of cigarettes. The warning included “smoking kills” and “smoking can lead to a slow and painful death.”
So far, Ireland and Belgium have shown interest in the photos. Canada has used similar pictures and warnings on cigarette packs since 2000. The country has recently seen a fall in the number of smokers.
According to studies, smoking is the single biggest cause of avoidable death in EU. Every year more than 650,000 smokers die, more than one person a minute. What would be the best title for the text?
| A．New Ways to Stop Smoking. | B．Pictures to Shock Smokers. |
| C．New Packers of Cigarettes. | D．Dangers of Smoking. |
Which of the following is NOT the true face of smoking?
| A．Disease. | B．Death. | C．Horror. | D．Happinese. |
We can learn from the test that _______.
| A．The EU countries have put the new warning method into practice |
| B．only a small number of the EU countries have used the new warning method |
| C．the new warning method has worked in some EU countries |
| D．countries in the EU still use the old warning method |
Which country is most successful in stopping smoking?
| A．Ireland. | B．Belgium. | C．Canada. | D．EU |
The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that ________.
| A．It’s hard to stop smoking in EU |
| B．deaths caused by smoking could have been avoided |
| C．smoking is the biggest cause of deaths in EU |
| D．EU has the largest number of deaths caused by smoking |
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